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a traffic jam in which no vehicular movement is possible, especially one caused by the blockage of key intersections within a grid of streets.
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If vehicles and other machines conk out, they stop working or fail suddenly
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on the ground <planes aloft and aground>; on or onto the shore or the bottom of a body of water <a ship run aground>
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a structure made of stone or brick that sticks out from and supports a wall of a building
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the simplest and most basic facts about a subject or activity
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an important point in the progress or development of something: a very important event or advance
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very quickly or very soon
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to move or climb quickly but with difficulty, often using your hands to help you
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to climb or crawl in an awkward way
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a car that has a large open area behind the back seat instead of a trunk and that has a door at the back for loading and unloading things
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if people, things or situations are formidable, you feel fear or respect for them because they are impressive or powerful [The task was a formidable one]
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: a thick piece of something; a large amount or part of something
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unable to think clearly; confused
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a large fern (= a type of plant) that grows thickly in open areas of countryside, especially on hills, and in woods
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a group of animals (as birds or sheep) assembled or herded together
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a passage to one side; (especially: a deflected route usually around a town); a channel carrying a fluid around a part and back to the main stream
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to coil (v) - to arrange something in a coil [coil (n) start learning
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a length of rope, hair, or wire, arranged into a series of circles, one above the other]
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a usually large amount of money that is given to someone
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to tangle someone or something; to mess something up. The wind snarled my hair up terribly.
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a round lump on the surface or end of something
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having lumps (= raised areas) on the surface, knobbly knees
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to attach (a rope) to something so that it is secure: to attach a secure rope to (a person) for safety The climber belayed the rope.
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(of a machine part) kept normally in a certain position by a spring.
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a usually looped line (as of strap, chain, or rope) used to hoist, lower, or carry something
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big fan of anything cultural Maia is a real culture vulture she goes to every theatre she can find.
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physically very inactive person
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person who never keeps doing one activity for a long time.
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person who believes in acting and doing, not just thinking
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person addicted to shopping
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gives you a lot of positive experience
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makes you healthy in body and/or in mind
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reduces stress, gives a peaceful feeling
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takes great interest in/is very involved in
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stopped liking/lost interest in
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isolate sb from the world
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a lof of commitments/activities
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dead keen - extremely keen [keen start learning
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[ONLY BEFORE NOUN] very interested in an activity that you do often because you enjoy it]
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to walk taking slow steps, as if your feet are heavy]
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to try very hard to do, achieve, or deal with something that is difficult or that causes problems
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The condition of one who suffers; the bearing of pain or distress.
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a quality that causes people to like someone or something]
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obligatory tasks, conduct, service, or functions that arise from one's position (as in life or in a group)]
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To become equal or on a par with another
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unusual or special and therefore surprising and worth mentioning
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something difficult needing a lot of skill, strength, courage, etc. to achieve it
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to notice or understand the difference between two things, or to make one person or thing seem different from another
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To begin again; resume: Let's take up where we left off.; To develop an interest in or devotion to: take up mountain climbing.
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to breathe hard and quickly; to say (something) while you are breathing quickly and heavily
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nutritional - relating to nutrition [nutrition start learning
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the substances that you take into your body as food and the way that they influence your health]
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completely and sincerely devoted, determined, or enthusiastic <a wholehearted student of social problems>
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a group of people, countries, organizations, etc., that are joined together in some activity or effort
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an organized group of people who have the same interest, job, etc.
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a competition to do better than other people, usually in which prizes are given
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an arm or leg of a person or animal, or a large branch of a tree
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a person who watches an activity, especially a sports event, without taking part
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a long pole with a wide, flat part at one end, used for rowing a boat
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a person who comes second in a race or competition
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to make a long, high sound while moving quickly through or past something:
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a deep, narrow crack in rock or the earth
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able to be believed or trusted
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the ability to locate water, minerals and lost objects underground
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(n) a tool; (v) action performed with it; to practice by repetition
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f a bad situation is acute, it causes severe problems or damage: The problem of poverty is particularly acute in rural areas.
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unusual and strange, sometimes in an unpleasant way. She has the most peculiar ideas.
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a round, wheel-shaped object on which sewing thread, fishing wire, film, etc. can be rolled, or the amount of thread, etc. stored on one of these.
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to pull in a rope or an object on the end of a rope by turning a wheel round and round, or to release something in the same way:
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to say a long list of things quickly and without stopping: The old man reeled off the names of his 22 grandchildren.
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a walkway atop a wall, e.g. round a castle
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to quickly wash the inside of something with clean water: I'll just rinse these glasses out and leave them to dry.
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to begin something: We will commence building work in August of next year.
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any of various small mammals with large, sharp front teeth, such as mice and rats
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quickly, without delay, or at the arranged time: We'll have to leave fairly promptly (= on time) if we want to catch that train
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to live or exist longer than someone or something
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extremely useful: The new job will provide you with invaluable experience.
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the income that a government or company receives regularly: Taxes provide most of the government's revenue.
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lasting for only a short time: Fame in the world of rock and pop is largely ephemeral.
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the force that keeps an object moving or keeps an event developing after it has started: Once you push it, it keeps going under its own momentum
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to feel with your hands, especially in order to find or move towards something when you cannot see easily: She groped for her glasses on the bedside table
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If a piece of woollen or woven cloth, a knot, or a mass of thread unravels, it separates into a single thread, and if you unravel it, you separate it into a single thread
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describes a plan or system that can be used effectively: a workable solution/compromise/proposal
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to form an understanding that is not correct of something that is said or done
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to think of (something that you believe might exist or happen in the future): to picture (something) in your mind
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- the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone
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to remove dirt from something by rubbing it hard with something rough, You'll have to scour out those old cooking pots before you use them.
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to try to find something inside a place or container by searching in every part of it
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measure that separtes useful information from meaningless spam
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near the equator, or typical of places near the equator:
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something that you say when you believe that what you will say next is generally accepted or understood It goes without saying that we're delighted about the new baby.
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to fit, snap, or press something into place in something. Lee popped the lever into place, and the machine began to function.
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to give all the details of something.
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to consider something to be an important factor in some decision.
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Informal an enterprise, idea, person, or thing that is a source of wealth
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to take the most important parts of something and put them in a different and usually improved form
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break something into pieces; make people argue; make someone sad/worried; search a place thoroughly; criticize someone/something
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one of a series of lives that a person is believed to have had in the past in some religion a person who represents a quality or idea
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not very important or valuable
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full of sudden changes, arguments
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to grow or develop quickly
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something that gives a true representation
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needing something, He came in tired and hungry and badly in need of a bath.
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used to emphasize someone’s achievement or a good deed; to his credit, the pie wasn’t so bad. He has fourteen films to his credit.
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if one thing exists or happens at the expense of another, the second thing suffers or is not done well because of the first Military strength is often achieved at the expense of a country's economic health.
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an act or instance of giving precise instructions or essential information
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any of the definable aspects that make up a subject (as of contemplation) or an object (as of consideration) Each facet of the problem requires careful attention.
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to combine with something
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to cause (someone or something) to be in a specified condition
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to a great degree: very much
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to do something in addition to what you have already achieved, The project will build upon existing knowledge.
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having the necessary qualities or satisfying the necessary conditions:
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likely to change often: a variable interest rate
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sole, only; great, intense; this mad plan of his is sheer lunacy
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a job or position that is available to be taken
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the act of telling your employer that you are leaving your job:
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the situation in which an employer officially makes someone leave their job:
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the act of leaving your job and stopping working, usually because you are old:
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the rate at which goods are produced or work is completed
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to grow or develop successfully: My tomatoes are flourishing this summer it must be the warm weather.
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a way to rest and enjoy yourself, time that you spend resting and enjoying yourself
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a fact or situation that influences the result of something:
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a different route that is used because a road is closed; the fact of something being sent somewhere different from where it was originally intended to go
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to end, or to finish something gradually, The party started to wind down around 2:00 a.m.
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exhaustion -: She felt ill with/from exhaustion. start learning
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the state of being extremely tired
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a sudden, unexpected change in the way that someone feels and behaves, especially when they become very angry or unhappy
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a mental illness in which a person is very unhappy and anxious (= worried and nervous) for long periods and cannot have a normal life during these periods
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to grow or develop successfully: to flourish or succeed; these plants thrive with relatively little sunlight
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undergo -She underwent an operation on a tumour in her left lung last year. start learning
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to experience something that is unpleasant or something that involves a change:
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to move away from someone She drew back in horror.
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a small amount of food on a hook (= curved piece of wire) or in a special device used to attract and catch a fish or animal: They were digging up worms to use for bait.
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less busy or active than other times
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a state characterized by absence of motion or of progress
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a situation in which traffic does not move or moves only very slowly, short delay
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a long line of vehicles that are not moving, or are moving very slowly
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to cause to grip tightly or remain in immovable contact, to become blocked or unable to move because of ice
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of or relating to a citizen, a city, citizenship, or community affairs
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strong, unpleasant, and sometimes dangerous gas or smoke: exhaust fumes
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being a solution that is unable to absorb or dissolve any more of a solute at a given temperature and pressure, completely wet, completely filled with something
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searching a place to park a car
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a person who enjoys long walks in the countryside
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to get a ride in a passing vehicle by holding out your arm with your thumb up as you stand on the side of the road (a person – er)
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someone whose job is to check that vehicles are legally parked
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a person who is traveling from one place to another in a car, bus, train, ship, airplane, etc., and who is not driving or working on it
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someone in a car who keeps telling the driver what to do and how to drive, someone who keeps giving advice about things that they are not responsible for
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moving, directed, or turned toward the outside or away from a center
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to provide something good as a balance against something bad or undesirable: to make up for some defect or weakness
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skid (v) - (especially of a vehicle): Trevor's bus skidded on some ice and hit a tree. start learning
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to slide along a surface so that you have no control
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to hit something or each other with strong force: to crash together or to crash into something
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a very deep unfriendly feeling
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an act of something hitting against something else
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offering or expressing a choice; not usual or traditional; existing or functioning outside of the established society
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lasting for ever or for a very long time
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to leave something somewhere
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to put someone or something onto a surface, especially the floor, to pay part of the cost of something and agree to pay the rest later We've put down a deposit on the apartment.
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occasional (adj) - n: I play the occasional game of football. start learning
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ot happening or done often or regularly
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throngs -: A huge throng had gathered round the speaker. start learning
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a crowd or large group of people
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a place where many people go for rest, sport, or another stated purpose
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resemble (v) -: You resemble your mother very closely. start learning
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to look like or be like someone or something
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a large group of insects all moving together
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a wild uninhabited and uncultivated tract
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unable to leave somewhere because of a problem such as not having any transport or money: He left me stranded in town with no car and no money for a bus.
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objects positioned one on top of another
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a hill of sand near a beach or in a desert
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mound -, etc. like a small hill: start learning
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a large pile of earth, stones
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wrecked - Just look at what you've done to my coat start learning
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very badly damaged, no longer fit for use
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aground (adj) -: The ship is currently aground off the Brittany coast. start learning
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If a boat or ship is aground, it is unable to move because it is touching ground or in a place where there is very little water
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haunt -: I was haunted by the feeling of being watched. The melancholy that haunts this soundtrack. A haunted house. start learning
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to appear repetitively or pervade sth, esp as a ghost, idea or impression
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to get off a horse, bicycle, or motorcycle
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fasten -: Make sure your seat belt is securely fastened. start learning
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to (cause something to) become firmly fixed together, or in position, or closed
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disembark -, etc. after a journey start learning
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to leave a ship, aircraft
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to step down from a boat, vehicle, etc.
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to cause (someone or something) to be in a dangerous place or situation
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to get into or onto (an airplane, a bus, a train, etc.; to put or allow (someone) into or onto an airplane, a bus, a train, etc.
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take a hard line (pv) - The government is taking a hard line on tax evasion. start learning
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to deal with someone or something in a very firm or strict way and refuse to change your opinion or decision.
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a mass of bushes, small trees, and plants growing under the trees of a wood or forest:
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to keep money so that you can buy something with it in the future
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to wait or move in a secret way so that you cannot be seen, especially because you are about to attack someone or do something wrong
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something that is not what it seems to be and is intended to deceive people, or someone who pretends to be something they are not:
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used to show that you do not believe that something you have been told is true or something that was expected turned out differently
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shocking and morally unacceptable
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temporarily unable to breathe, either when hit in the stomach or after taking hard physical exercise
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not clear or certain because different people may have different opinions
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relating to the standards of good or bad behaviour, fairness, honesty, etc. that each person believes in, rather than to laws
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the amount of confidence felt by a person or group of people, especially when in a dangerous or difficult situation:
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instantaneous (adj) -: an instantaneous response/reply/reaction start learning
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happening immediately, without any delay
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the part of a car that contains some of the controls used for driving and the devices for measuring speed and distance
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to make continuous loud noises by hitting hard objects against each other, or to cause objects to do this
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car headlights that are on as brightly as possible
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draw out - This action could draw the dispute out for another six months. start learning
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to make something continue longer than necessary, to encourage someone to talk more by making them feel more relaxed and confident
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to leave a room or building, especially in order to do something for entertainment
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to press something hard into something else using a twisting movement
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attached to sth with ropes
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act tardily, more slowly than necessary
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to (cause something to) turn around in circles
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to manage to do something bad without being punished or criticized for it
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to hit or push something with force
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the window at the front of a car, truck, etc.
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a device, usually a container filled with water, that sends out heat, often as part of a heating or cooling system:
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(to cause) to make a sudden small movement with a part of the body, usually without intending to
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the fact that something is divided into two parts or the act of dividing something into two parts
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the sound that is made when sth heavy falls or hits sth else
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o lose strength, determination, or purpose, especially temporarily; If you waver between two possibilities, you cannot decide which of them to choose or you keep choosing one way and then the other
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something difficult needing a lot of skill, strength, courage, etc. to achieve it
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hub -: The City of London is the hub of Britain's financial world. start learning
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the central or main part of something where there is most activity
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a situation from which large profits are made, a large amount of something good
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to lose strength or purpose and stop, or almost stop
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a difference between two things that should be the same
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to force someone to experience something very unpleasant
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vulnerable -: I felt very vulnerable, standing there without any clothes on. start learning
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able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally hurt, influenced, or attacked
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the act of fighting against something that is attacking you, or refusing to accept something
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difficult, in a way that tests your ability or determination
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likely to change suddenly and without reason and therefore not able to be predicted (= expected before it happens) or depended on
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(of two or more things) to connect with or be related to each other
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