rhetorical figures

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Question Answer
Alliteration
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the recurrence of initial consonant sounds rubber baby buggy bumpers
Allusion
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a reference to an event, literary work or person - I can’t do that because I am not Superman.
Amplification
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repeats a word or expression for emphasis - Love, real love, takes time.
Analogy
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compares two different things that have some similar characteristics - He is flaky as a snowstorm.
Anaphora
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repeats a word or phrase in successive phrases - "If you prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh?” (Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare)
Antanagoge
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places a criticism and compliment together to lessen the impact - The car is not pretty but it runs great.
Antimetabole
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repeats words or phrases in reverse order - “ask not what your country can do for you — ask what you can do for your country.” (J F Kennedy)
Antiphrasis
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uses a word with an opposite meaning - The Chihuahua was named Goliath.
Antithesis
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makes a connection between two things - “That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.” (Neil Armstrong)
Cacophony
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consists of harsh sounds - "Critch" "Cratch" mimicking someone walking in stilettos --- The opposite is Euphony. Poetry is considered euphonic,
Chiasmus
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Two or more clauses are related to each other through a reversal of structures in order to make a larger point - Ask not, what your country can do for you. Ask what, you can do for your country.
Appositive
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places a noun or phrase next to another noun for descriptive purposes - Mary, queen of the land, hosted the ball.
Enumeratio
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makes a point with details - Renovation included a spa, tennis court, pool and lounge.
Ellypsis
I was thinking ... maybe we should call home / I never thought...
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Omission of words
Epanalepsis
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repeats something from the beginning of a sentence at the end - My ears heard what you said but I couldn’t believe my ears.
Epithet
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using an adjective or adjective phrase to describe - mesmerizing eyes
Epizeuxis
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repeats one word for emphasis - The amusement park was fun, fun, fun.
Homonyms Words that are identical with each other in pronunciation and spelling, but different in meaning.
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I love snow. I need it.
Homophones Words that are identical with each other in pronunciation, but different in meaning
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ate after eight
Hyperbole
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an exaggeration - I have done this a thousand times.
Litotes
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makes an understatement by denying the opposite of a word that may have been used - The terms of the contract are not disagreeable to me.
Metanoia
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corrects or qualifies a statement - You are the most beautiful woman in this town, nay the entire world.
Metaphor
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compares two things by stating one is the other - The eyes are the windows of the soul.
Metonymy
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a metaphor where something being compared is referred to by something closely associated with it - The knights are loyal to the crown.
Onomatopoeia
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words that imitate the sound they describe - plunk, whiz, pop
Oxymoron
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a two word paradox - near miss, seriously funny
Parallelism
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uses words or phrases with a similar structure - I went to the store, parked the car and bought a pizza.
Polysyndeton
He saw a woman, and a man and a dog
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Close repetition of conjunctions
Rhetorical question
To be or not to be?
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A Question that is not necessarily expected to be answered
Simile
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compares one object to another - He smokes like a chimney.
Understatement
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makes an idea less important than it really is - The hurricane disrupted traffic.
Zeugma
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The using of one verb for two or more actions, They covered themselves with dust and glory
Zoomorphism
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Applying animal characteristics to humans or gods, Any Disney’s film character.

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