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a chemical dependence on a psychoactive drugg
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influence young people to experiment and drug-taking behaviour can be associated with a need to belong to a group
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affects whether drug use is acceptable. in some cultures, cigarette smoking is freely accepted and in others alcohol is used to celebrate at social events
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drug addiction is often linked to factors such as poverty or poor family circumstances, which can increase the chances of an individual starting to use drugs.
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benzodiazepines mode of action 1 start learning
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bind to the same pos-synaptic receptors as GABA
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benzodiazepines mode of action 2 start learning
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cause hyperpolarisation of post-synaptic membranes so that they are more difficult to stimulate
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benzodiazepines effects 1 start learning
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reduce anxiety, cause relaxation and can induce sleep
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benzodiazepines effects 2 start learning
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used therapeutically to treat anxiety, insomnia and seizures
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tetrahydrocannabinol THC mode of action 1 start learning
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affects receptors in cells in the cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres that use the neurotransmiter anadamide
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tetrahydrocannabinol THC mode of action 2 start learning
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similar in structure to anandamide and binds to the same receptors
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tetrahydrocannabinol THC mode of action 3 start learning
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causes hyperpolarisation of pos-synaptic membranes
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tetrahydrocannabinol thc effects 1 start learning
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induce feelings of relaxation and affects coordination
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tetrahydrocannabinol thc effects 2 start learning
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causes panic and paranoia in some users
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tetrahydrocannabinol thc effects 3 start learning
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can interfere with short-term memory and learning
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increases the binding of GABA to receptors in post-synaptic membranes
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causes hyperpolarisation of post-synaptic membranes
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decreases the action of the neurotransmitter glutamate
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in small quantities, affects behaviour by reducing inhibitions
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in larger quantities, can cause a lack of coordination, slurred speech, loss of balance
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thc - tetrahydrocannabinol start learning
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the most important psychoactive substance in cannabis
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a chemical dependence on a psychoactive drug
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users of addictive drugs find it hard to give them up because of the feelings of well-being that are induced by dopamine.
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As dopamine receptors are repeatedly stimulated, they become desensitised so that more and more of the drug is required to produce the same feelings
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increase transmission at inhibitory synapses or suppress transmission at excitatory synapses
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promte the transmission of impulses at excitatory synpases or inhibit transmission at inhibitory synapses.
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stimulates transmission at brain synapses that use dopamine
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leads to a build up of dopamine in the synapse
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causes continuous transmission of impulses in ' reward' pathways
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