First Chicago School

 0    52 flashcards    sim
download mp3 print play test yourself
 
Question Answer
term
this term has been disputed by scholars, in particular in reaction to Carl Condit's book The Chicago School of Architecture.
start learning
termin
dispute something
start learning
zakwestionować coś
disputed
this term has been disputed by scholars
start learning
sporny
scholars
start learning
uczeni
particular
start learning
szczególny
pointed out
Historians have pointed out that the phrase suggests a unified set of aesthetic or conceptual precepts
start learning
wskazał
phrase
start learning
wyrażenie
unified
start learning
jednolity
conceptual
start learning
koncepcyjnego
precepts
start learning
nakazy, nauka
displayed
Chicago buildings of the era displayed a wide variety of styles and techniques.
start learning
wyświetlają/ wykazują
contemporary
Contemporary publications used the phrase "Commercial Style" to describe the innovative tall buildings of the era rather than proposing any sort of unified "school".
start learning
współczesny
innovative
start learning
Innowacyjny
set
start learning
zestaw
unified set
start learning
jednolity zestaw
distinguishing features
Some of the distinguishing features of the Chicago School are the use of steel-frame buildings with masonry cladding (usually terra cotta)
start learning
cechy wyróżniające
masonry cladding
Some of the distinguishing features of the Chicago School are the use of steel-frame buildings with masonry cladding (usually terra cotta)
start learning
murowane okładziny
exterior of the house
start learning
zewnątrz domu
exterior ornamentation
Some of the distinguishing features are the use of steel-frame buildings with masonry cladding, allowing large plate-glass window areas and limiting the amount of exterior ornamentation.
start learning
zewnętrzne ozdoby
base
start learning
podstawa
shaft of the column
start learning
Wał kolumny
capped with
start learning
ograniczona z
cornice
the capital, with more ornamental detail and capped with a cornice.
start learning
gzyms
skyscrapers
Many Chicago School skyscrapers contain the three parts of a classical column.
start learning
wieżowce
comparison to sth
start learning
porównanie do czegoś
originated
The "Chicago window" originated in this school.
start learning
pochodzi
originate in
start learning
pochodzą z
consist of
It is a three-part window consisting of a large fixed center panel flanked by two smaller double-hung sash windows.
start learning
składać
flanked
start learning
obwarowane
double hung
start learning
dwukrotnie zawieszony
sash windows
. It is a three-part window consisting of a large fixed center panel flanked by two smaller double-hung sash windows.
start learning
szyby okienne
grid pattern
The arrangement of windows on the facade typically creates a grid pattern, with some projecting out from the facade forming bay windows.
start learning
wzór siatki
grid
start learning
ruszt
projecting out
start learning
wystające
bay windows
start learning
wykusze
gathering
start learning
zebranie
light gathering
he Chicago window combined the functions of light-gathering and natural ventilation
start learning
gromadzenie światła
fixed
start learning
stały
panel
start learning
płyta
operable
a single central pane was usually fixed, while the two surrounding panes were operable
start learning
obsługiwane
deployed in bays
. These windows were often deployed in bays, known as oriel windows, that projected out over the street.
start learning
rozmieszczone w zatokach
oriel window
start learning
okno wykusz
projected out over
start learning
przewiduje się na
associated with
Architects whose names are associated with the Chicago School include Henry Hobson Richardson, Dankmar Adler, Daniel Burnham, William Holabird, William LeBaron Jenney, Martin Roche, John Root, Solon S. Beman, and Louis Sullivan.
start learning
związane z
regarded as
The Home Insurance Building, which some regarded as the first skyscraper in the world, was built in Chicago in 1885 and was demolished in 1931
start learning
traktować jako
combined
start learning
połączony
deployed in
start learning
rozmieszczone w
oriel
start learning
wykusz
skyscraper
Sometimes elements of neoclassical architecture are used in Chicago School skyscrapers.
start learning
drapacz chmur
Capital
the capital with more ornamental detail and capped with a cornice.
start learning
Kapitel / głowica
store
start learning
sklep
display a logo
start learning
wyświetlanie logo

You must sign in to write a comment