Moja lekcja

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Question Answer
•Dead
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No longer alive.
•Stabbed
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Injured by being pierced with a sharp object, usually a knife.
•Testified
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Provided evidence or gave a formal statement under oath in a court of law.
•Witness
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A person who sees an event, typically a crime or accident, and provides evidence about it.
•Confirmed
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Verified or established as true.
•Searched
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Looked for something or someone, often thoroughly or systematically.
•Scene of the crime
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The location where a crime took place.
•Oracle
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A person or source believed to provide wise or prophetic predictions, often in mythology or
religion.
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religion.
Crimes and misdemeanors:
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Crimes and misdemeanors:
•Arson
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The illegal act of deliberately setting fire to property.
•Assault
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A physical attack or threat of violence.
•Bigamy
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The crime of marrying someone while already legally married to another person.
•Blackmail
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The crime of demanding money or favors by threatening to reveal damaging
information.
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information.
•Burglary
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The illegal entry into a building to commit theft or another crime.
•Conspiracy
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A secret plan by a group to commit a crime or unlawful act.
•Drug-trafficking
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The illegal production, distribution, and sale of drugs.
•Embezzlement
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The fraudulent taking of money or property entrusted to one's care.
•Forgery
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The act of creating a fake document, signature, or artwork with the intent to deceive.
•Fraud
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Wrongful or criminal deception intended to result in financial or personal gain.
•Gambling
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The act of betting money or valuables on an uncertain outcome, often in games of
chance.
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chance.
•Handling stolen goods
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The crime of possessing, receiving, or selling stolen items.
•Housebreaking
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The act of entering someone's house illegally, especially with intent to steal.
•Joyriding
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The crime of stealing a vehicle and driving it for pleasure without intending to keep it.
•Kidnapping
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The crime of taking someone away illegally by force, usually to demand ransom.
•Libel
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The act of publishing false and damaging statements about someone.
•Manslaughter
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The unlawful killing of someone without premeditation, less severe than murder.
•Mugging
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An attack on someone in a public place to steal their possessions.
•Petty theft
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A minor theft involving items of relatively low value.
•Pick-pocketing
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The crime of stealing from someone's pocket or bag without them noticing.
•Poaching
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The illegal hunting or capturing of animals, often on protected land.
•Racism
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Prejudice or discrimination against people based on their race or ethnicity.
•Shoplifting
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The act of stealing goods from a shop.
•Stalking
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The act of repeatedly following or harassing someone, causing them fear or distress.
•Treason
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The crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to overthrow the
government.
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government.
•Trespass
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Entering someone’s property without permission.
•Sentence somebody to
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To give a punishment decided by a court to someone found guilty.
•Reach/return a verdict
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The jury or judge’s decision regarding guilt or innocence in a trial.
•Fine somebody for something
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To impose a monetary penalty on someone for a wrongdoing.
•Arrest somebody for something
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To detain someone by legal authority, usually for a crime.
•Be involved in a crime
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To participate or be connected to a criminal act.
•Ban somebody from doing something
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To legally prevent someone from performing an action or
entering a place.
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entering a place.
•Sue somebody for something
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To take legal action against someone, usually to claim
compensat
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compensat
•Charge somebody with something
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To formally accuse someone of committing a crime.
•Be suspected of something
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To be thought to have done something wrong or illegal.
•Be tried for something
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To be formally judged in a court for an alleged crime.
•Be convicted of something
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To be found guilty of a crime by a court.
•Impose a sentence on somebody
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To officially declare the punishment for someone convicted of a
crime.
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crime.
•Besetting sin
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A persistent fault or weakness.
•A near miss
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An event in which something dangerous almost happened but was avoided.
•A foul play
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Unlawful or dishonest behavior, especially involving violence.
•A marked man
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A person who is at risk or under threat from others.
•A spot check
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A random examination or inspection.
•Ill-gotten gains
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Money or benefits obtained through illegal or unethical means.
•Rough diamond
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A person who is good-hearted but lacks refinement.
•Put-up job
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A situation or crime arranged in advance to deceive or frame someone.
•Sharp practice
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Dishonest or unethical behavior in business or other dealings.
•Funny business
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Dishonest or suspicious activities.
•Eliminated
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Removed or gotten rid of.
•Discarded
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Thrown away or rejected.
•Resort
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To turn to something as a solution or escape, often as a last option.
•Recourse
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A source of help or protection when in difficulty.
•Dispersed
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Spread out or scattered.
•Disposed
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Gotten rid of or dealt with.
•Lane
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A narrow road, often in the countryside.
•Slope
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A surface or piece of ground that inclines or slopes downwards.
•Refugee
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A person who has been forced to leave their country due to conflict or persecution.
•Fugitive
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A person who is running away, usually from law enforcement or danger.
•Least
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Smallest in amount, degree, or significance.
•Slightest
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The smallest or least degree.
•Reprieved
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To cancel or postpone the punishment of someone, especially a death sentence.
•Liberated
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Freed from oppression or imprisonment.
•Punished
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Given a penalty for wrongdoing.
•Sentenced
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Declared the punishment of someone found guilty of a crime.
•Mounting
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Increasing or growing.
•Maintaining
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Keeping something at the same level or condition.
•Hovering
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Remaining in one place in the air or lingering close by.
•Loitering
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Standing or waiting around without apparent purpose.
•Accused
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A person who is charged with a crime.
•Alleged
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Claimed to be true but not yet proven.
Advertisement and after-sale service:
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Advertisement and after-sale service:
•Moving
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Changing position or location.
•Shifting
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Changing or moving from one position or place to another.
•Inflexible
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Unwilling or unable to change or bend.
•Rigid
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Stiff and unable to change or bend.
•Necessary
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Required or essential.
•Integral
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Essential or fundamental for completeness.
•Discriminating
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Able to see differences and make fine distinctions.
•Opinionated
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Holding strong beliefs and being unwilling to change them.
•Hopes
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Desires or expectations for the future.
•Aspirations
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Strong desires to achieve something, especially goals or ambitions.
•Respectful
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Showing politeness and consideration for others.
•Deferential
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Showing respect, often by yielding to the judgment or opinion of others.
•Dubious
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Doubtful or uncertain.
•Sceptical
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Having doubts or reservations about something.
•Condemned
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Declared to be wrong or evil, often formally.
•Doomed
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Destined to fail or face an unpleasant outcome.
•Clever
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Intelligent and quick to learn.
•Savvy
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Practical knowledge or understanding.
•Difficult
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Hard to deal with, solve, or understand.
•Daunting
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Something that seems intimidating or overwhelming.
•Boredom
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The feeling of being uninterested and restless.
•Obsolescence
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The state of being outdated or no longer in use.
•Awareness
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Knowledge or perception of a situation or fact.
•Pride
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A feeling of deep satisfaction derived from one's achievements.
•Confidence
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A feeling of self-assurance arising from trust in one's abilities.
•Generosity
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The quality of being kind and giving.
•Independency
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The state of being self-reliant or free from control.
•Inefficient
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Not achieving maximum productivity; wasting resources.
•Insecurity
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Lack of confidence or uncertainty about oneself or one's surroundings.
•Mean
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Unkind or selfish.
•Individualism
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The belief in the importance of individual rights and independence.
•Guilty parties
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Those who are responsible for committing a crime or wrongdoing.
•Sorry saga
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A prolonged, unfortunate series of events.
•Fell victim to
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Became harmed or affected by something.
•Eye of the ball
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Focus and attention, often used to describe awareness of what is important.
•Fatal error
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A serious mistake that leads to disaster or death.
•Shortchanged
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Given less than what is deserved or expected.
•To drag on indefinitely
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To continue without an end in sight, taking longer than expected.
•Sluggish
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Slow-moving or lacking energy
•A shot of
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A small amount of.
•Wimpish
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Weak and frightened.
•Speak their minds
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Say what they think.
•Decaf
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Short for decaffeinated.
•Dip your toe in the water
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cautiously try a new thing.
•Take the plunge
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make a commitment.
•Shies away from
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Avoids.
•The cutting edge
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The latest, most modern (fashion, technology etc.).
•No-nonsense
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Practical, functional, business-like.
•Flighty
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Unreliable.
•No-frills
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No-nonsense, practical, functional.
•To click (with someone)
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To like (someone) from the first moment.
•Workwise
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As far as work is concerned.
•Homely
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Home-loving.
•Aspirational
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Ambitious.
•Etiquette
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Politeness, correct behavior.
•Enhance
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Improve.
•Outlook
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Attitude, correct philosophy.
•Bubbly
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Extrovert, full of life.
•Favor
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Prefer, like.
•Single-minded
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Determined, focused.
Reading Comprehension:
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Reading Comprehension:
•Holsted
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Place name; may refer to specific contexts or locations.
•Hitched
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To fasten or connect, often used to describe getting married.
•Towed
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Pulled along behind a vehicle or another object.
•Lifted
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Raised or elevated from a lower position.
(He parked in the wrong place and the police towed his car away.)
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(He parked in the wrong place and the police towed his car away.)
•Alive
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Living; not dead; having life.
•Performing
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Acting or executing a task, especially in front of an audience.
•Busy
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Engaged in activity; having a lot to do.
•Active
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Engaging in action; not passive; energetic.
(The volcano on the Island is still active.)
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(The volcano on the Island is still active.)
•Set down
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Placed or laid something in a particular position.
•Put back
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Returned something to its original place.
•Filled in
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Completed or supplied information, often in a form.
•Put down
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Set something down or to criticize someone harshly.
(His greediness was put down to his often going hungry as a child.)
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(His greediness was put down to his often going hungry as a child.)
•Solid
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Firm, stable, or not liquid; having structure.
•Fat
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Having a large amount of body mass; also refers to substances that are oily or greasy.
•Thick
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Having a large distance between opposite sides; dense.
•Wet
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Covered or saturated with liquid.
(You can't see five yards in thick fog like that.)
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(You can't see five yards in thick fog like that.)
•With
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Accompanied by; in the company of.
•At
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In a specific location or position.
•For
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Intended to be given to; used to indicate purpose.
•To
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Indicating direction, destination, or purpose.
(I was hard put to it to decide which of the two computers I liked best.)
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(I was hard put to it to decide which of the two computers I liked best.)
•Yen
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A strong desire or craving; also a unit of currency in Japan.
•Guess
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To estimate or conjecture without sufficient information.
•Clue
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A hint or piece of information that helps solve a problem or mystery.
•Thought
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The process of considering or reasoning; an idea or opinion.
(I haven't a clue what the Professor is talking about most of the time.)
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(I haven't a clue what the Professor is talking about most of the time.)
•Offer
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To present something for acceptance or rejection.
•Propound
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To put forward for consideration or discussion.
•Suggest
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To propose an idea or course of action.
•Propose
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To formally put forward a plan or suggestion.
(I should like to propose a toast: To the bride and groom.)
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(I should like to propose a toast: To the bride and groom.)
•Squeezed
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Compressed or forced into a smaller space.
•Squashed
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Crushed or flattened; often used informally for something ruined.
•Cramped
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Restricted in space; not enough room to move freely
•Pressed
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Pushed down or applied pressure to something.
(I must run, I'm rather pressed for time at the moment.)
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(I must run, I'm rather pressed for time at the moment.)
•Rushing
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Moving quickly or hurriedly.
•Rustling
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A soft, muffled sound of movement, often associated with leaves or paper.
•Rattling
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Making a series of short, sharp noises; can refer to objects moving or shaking.
•Rumbling
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A low, continuous sound, like distant thunder.
(I knew we'd have a storm when I heard the leaves rustling.)
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(I knew we'd have a storm when I heard the leaves rustling.)
•Scarcely
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Barely; hardly; not enough to meet a need.
•Just
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Exactly; only; recently.
•Hardly
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Almost not; very little.
•Once
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One time; at some time in the past.
(Once I had turned the corner, I began to run.)
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(Once I had turned the corner, I began to run.)
•Ugly
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Unpleasant or repulsive in appearance.
•Cruel
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Willfully causing pain or suffering; lacking compassion.
•Vicious
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Deliberately cruel or violent; marked by malice.
•Nasty
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Unpleasant; offensive; in bad condition.
(It's a vicious circle.)
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(It's a vicious circle.)
•Of
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Belonging to; relating to; made from.
•From
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Indicating the source or starting point of something.
(I inferred from her remark that her husband doesn't often eat meat.)
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(I inferred from her remark that her husband doesn't often eat meat.)
•Relegate
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To assign to a lower position or category.
•Delegate
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To assign tasks or responsibilities to others.
•Regulate
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To control or maintain according to a set of rules or principles.
•Allocate
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To distribute resources or duties for a specific purpose.
(He refused to delegate anyone to attend the meeting.)
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(He refused to delegate anyone to attend the meeting.)
•Sign
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A mark or indication; also a gesture or symbol.
•Mark
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A visible indication or sign; to indicate or designate.
•Trace
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To follow the course of something; a small sign or evidence of something.
•Spot
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A small mark or area; to see or notice.
(Their van was stolen without trace from a public car park.)
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(Their van was stolen without trace from a public car park.)
•Matching
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Corresponding in some way; similar or equal.
•Corresponding
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Related to or in agreement with something else.
•Equaling
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Being the same in quantity, value, or measure.
•Relating
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Making a connection or association; pertinent to a topic.
(We sold more umbrellas during the wet spell this summer than during a corresponding spell last
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(We sold more umbrellas during the wet spell this summer than during a corresponding spell last
•Identify
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To recognize or establish the identity of something.
•Imagine
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To form a mental image or concept of something not present.
•Mistake
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An error or misunderstanding; to wrongly identify or interpret something.
•Mislead
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To guide someone to a wrong conclusion or belief.
(Don't mistake shouting for ability as a dramatic actor.)
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(Don't mistake shouting for ability as a dramatic actor.)
•On the whole
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Generally; when considering the entirety.
•As a whole
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In total; considering all parts together.
•Above all
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Most importantly; primarily.
•All over
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Everywhere; throughout.
(On the whole, we had a very mild winter last year.)
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(On the whole, we had a very mild winter last year.)
•Agree
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To have the same opinion or to consent.
•Coincide
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To occur at the same time or to correspond in nature.
•Adopt
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To take up, follow, or use; to accept or embrace.
•Accept
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To receive or agree to something offered.
(She found him much too ready to agree with everything she said.)
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(She found him much too ready to agree with everything she said.)
•As though
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Similar to; in a manner that suggests.
•Although
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In spite of the fact that; even though.
•Even so
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Nevertheless; despite that.
•Even though
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In spite of the fact that; although.
(I know it's not sunny now; even so, I shall take my sunglasses.)
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(I know it's not sunny now; even so, I shall take my sunglasses.)
•Early
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Before the usual or expected time.
•First
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Coming before all others in time, order, or importance.
•New
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Recently created, discovered, or introduced; not existing before.
•Bright
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Producing or reflecting a lot of light; intelligent or cheerful.
(Our new neighbour's party went on into the early hours of the morning.)
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(Our new neighbor's party went on into the early hours of the morning.)
•Told
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Informed; communicated information to someone.
•Said
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Expressed in words; communicated.
•Meant
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Intended or signified; expressed an intention.
•Found
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Discovered or located; established.
(All told, there must have been 3,000 people in that small hall.)
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(All told, there must have been 3,000 people in that small hall.)
•Set up
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Established or arranged; prepared for operation.
•Put in
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Inserted or placed within something.
•Got up
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Rose from a lying or sitting position; awakened.
•Turned on
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Activated or caused to function; aroused interest.
(The sky began to darken as the wind got up.)
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(The sky began to darken as the wind got up.)
•Prospective
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Likely to happen or expected in the future; potential.
•Respected
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Regarded highly or admired; worthy of respect.
•Perspective
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A particular attitude toward or way of regarding something; a point of view.
•Respective
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Relating separately to each individual or thing mentioned.
(After the meeting, the staff went back to their respective offices.)
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(After the meeting, the staff went back to their respective offices.)
•Centre
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The middle point of something; a focal point.
•Gist
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The main point or essence of a matter.
•Base
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The bottom support of something; the foundation.
•Root
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The part of a plant that attaches it to the ground; the source or origin of something.
(In an attempt to get to the root of the problem, he took his car en
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(In an attempt to get to the root of the problem, he took his car en
•Whereupon
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Immediately after which; as a result of which.
•Whereby
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By which; through which.
•Wherewithal
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The means or resources needed to accomplish something.
•Whereabouts
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The location or position of something or someone.
(Private printing was simply a means whereby he could increase his income.)
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(Private printing was simply a means whereby he could increase his income.)
Phobias:
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Phobias:
•Phobia
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Is an intense, irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity that leads to
significant anxiety or avoidance behavior.
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significant anxiety or avoidance behavior.
•Carcinophobia - Fear of cancer.
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•Carcinophobia - Fear of cancer.
•Claustrophobia - Fear of confined spaces.
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•Claustrophobia - Fear of confined spaces.
•Thanatophobia - Fear of death.
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•Thanatophobia - Fear of death.
•Aviophobia (or Aerophobia) - Fear of flying.
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•Aviophobia (or Aerophobia) - Fear of flying.
•Cardiophobia - Fear of heart disease.
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•Cardiophobia - Fear of heart disease.
•Acrophobia - Fear of heights.
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•Acrophobia - Fear of heights.
•Agoraphobia - Fear of open spaces.
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•Agoraphobia - Fear of open spaces.
•Social Phobia (or Social Anxiety Disorder) - Fear of people and social situations.
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•Social Phobia (or Social Anxiety Disorder) - Fear of people and social situations.
•Arachnophobia - Fear of spiders.
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•Arachnophobia - Fear of spiders.
•Astraphobia - Fear of thunderstorms.
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•Astraphobia - Fear of thunderstorms.
•Pogonophobia - Fear of beards.
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•Pogonophobia - Fear of beards.
•Scopophobia - Fear of being stared at.
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•Scopophobia - Fear of being stared at.
•Gephyrophobia - Fear of crossing bridges.
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•Gephyrophobia - Fear of crossing bridges.
•Sitiophobia (or Cibophobia) - Fear of food.
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•Sitiophobia (or Cibophobia) - Fear of food.
•Phasmophobia - Fear of ghosts.
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•Phasmophobia - Fear of ghosts.
•Gamophobia - Fear of marriage.
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•Gamophobia - Fear of marriage.
•Spectrophobia - Fear of mirrors.
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•Spectrophobia - Fear of mirrors.
•Neophobia - Fear of newness.
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•Neophobia - Fear of newness.
•Triskaidekaphobia - Fear of the number 13.
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•Triskaidekaphobia - Fear of the number 13.
•Ergophobia - Fear of responsibility.
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•Ergophobia - Fear of responsibility.
•Mysophobia (or Germophobia) - Fear of germs.
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•Mysophobia (or Germophobia) - Fear of germs.

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