→ EViU | Chapters: 86-101 → Start Learning / Download MP3 Flashcards

Question		Answer
to be more important, useful, or valuable than something else start learning		to outweigh
explain: overhanging start learning		sticking out over something that is at a lower level (e.g. the overhanging branches of a tree)
explain: to overshadow start learning		1. to prevent light from shining directly on something, 2. to make someone or something seem less important compared to someone or something else
explain: understaffed start learning		lacking staff
explain: underhand (adj) start learning		secret and dishonest (= oszukańczy, podstępny)
explain: an upturn start learning		a change for the better / an increase in something such as business or economic activity (e.g. Last month saw an unexpected upturn in property prices.)
to quickly increase in number or amount start learning		to proliferate
explain: to commiserate start learning		to express sympathy to someone who is unhappy about something
explain: to congeal start learning		if a substance such as blood or fat congeals, it becomes thick and almost solid
to replace the buildings in an area with new ones start learning		to redevelop
a person of low rank and little authority who works for someone more important start learning		an underling (e.g. She surrounded herself with underlings who were too afraid of her to answer back.)
to talk about something in a way that makes it seem more important, impressive, or serious than it really is. start learning		to overstate
explain: undercarriage start learning		the wheels of a plane/car and the whole structure that supports it (= podwozie)
on the other side of the page start learning		overleaf (adverb), e.g. See overleaf for a list of abbreviations.
explain the -conscious suffix start learning		combines w/ nouns to form adjectives that describe people who consider one aspect of their lives esp. important (e.g. health-conscious person, safety-conscious company)
explain the -minded suffix start learning		combines with adjectives or nouns to form new adjectives describing people with particular characters, opinions or attitudes,.e. g like-minded, money-minded, etc.
explain the -ridden suffix start learning		used to describe people or things with a lot of that noun, e.g. guilt-ridden person, crime-ridden city
to become red start learning		to redden
explain: masterly (adjective) start learning		done extremely well (e.g. a masterly performance)
explain: a monograph start learning		a long article or a short book on a single subject that the writer has studied for a long time
explain: retroactive law start learning		taking effect from a date in the past
explain: a guesstimate start learning		an approximate calculation of the size or amount of something when you do not know all the facts
to return to an older and worse state start learning		to retrogress [formal]
to make a government, area, or political group lose power or control, or to make a political or economic situation less strong or safe, by causing changes and problems start learning		to destabilise
explain: a freeware start learning		computer programs that you can often copy from the internet and do not have to pay for
provide a formal word for vocabulary start learning		a lexicon
explain: a loanword = a borrowing start learning		a word taken from other languages
explain: a roster start learning		a list of people’s names that shows when each of them must work and what they have to do (= grafik, harmonogram)
something that is intended to impress and interest you but is really not at all useful start learning		a gimmick
a small bed with high sides that a baby sleeps in start learning		cot [BrE] / crib [AmE]
explain: a palaver start learning		a situation that causes you a lot of unnecessary trouble or work
a disease that mainly affects children in which the neck becomes swollen and painful start learning		a mumps (= świnka)
explain: false friends start learning		words that look like words in other languages but have a different meaning
explain: to intervene start learning		to become involved in a situation in order to try to stop or change it
explain: to interfere in sth start learning		to involve yourself in sth [negative and critical]
very frequently start learning		continually (often negative)
without stopping start learning		continuously
out of the sun, pleasant connotation start learning		in the shade of (e.g. a tree)
explain: in the shadow of sth/sb start learning		dominated by sb/sth
explain: to complement start learning		to make sth more complete or attractive in combination
slightly wet start learning		1. moist 2. damp (-> in an unpleasant way)
to move into a vertical position start learning		to upend
explain: to uphold start learning		to confirm/support
to do better than... start learning		to outdo
explain: to do out start learning		1. to make a room, cupboard, or drawer thoroughly tidy and clean, 2. to decorate a room
coś czy coś innego (ten czy inny) start learning		something or other
explain: dingy (adjective) start learning		a dingy place or object is rather dark in an unpleasant way and often looks dirty
the fact of having more than one meaning start learning		polysemy
the work that you do to keep your house clean and tidy start learning		housework (= prace domowe) \| don't confuse with 'homework'
someone who only wants to be your friend when things are going well for you start learning		fair-weather friend
light in skin colour start learning		fair-skinned
what's the meaning of '5 minutes flat'? start learning		exactly 5 minutes
explain: be more than a match for someone start learning		to be better, stronger, cleverer etc than someone who you are competing against
a tall metal structure with a long horizontal part, used for lifting and moving heavy objects start learning		a crane (= dźwig, żuraw)
explain: five-a-side football start learning		po pięciu w drużynie
explain: formidable start learning		very impressive in size, power, or skill and therefore deserving respect and often difficult to deal with (e.g. The company has built up a formidable reputation for quality.)
przejdźmy do kolejnego punktu... start learning		let's move on to the next point
explain: to remember rightly start learning		to remember correctly/well
explain: appalling [adjective] start learning		shocking and very bad (e.g. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.)
explain: dismal [adjective] start learning		sad and without hope / very bad
distasteful start learning		unpleasant and unacceptable OR tasting unpleasant (niesmaczny, wstrętny, obrzydliwy, np. żart albo film)
explain: fatuous (adjective, formal) start learning		stupid
explain: raise a family start learning		to take care of children while they are growing up (e.g. For most parents, raising a family is a positive challenge.)
a slow and non-energetic walk start learning		a leisurely walk
explain: doleful [adjective] start learning		looking sad
formal word for the things that belong to you [formal] start learning		personal effects
not good enough to achieve the intended result start learning		feeble (e.g. excuse, attempt/effort)
explain: bewildered start learning		confused and not certain what to do
explain: to sharpen your appetite (for sth) start learning		to increase your desire to have sth or know about sth
zepsuć apetyt start learning		spoil your appetite
make one's life brighter and happier start learning		to light up one's life
explain: to be on the ball start learning		to be very aware of things and ready to act
keep sb/sth on a tight rein start learning		to have a lot of control over sb/sth
to have an ability to notice something start learning		to have an eye for sth (e.g. She has a good eye for detail.)
explain: to have an ear for sth start learning		If someone has an ear for music or languages, they are good at hearing, repeating, and understanding these sounds
explain: to keep an eye on sb/sth start learning		watch sb/sth very carefully
what's a rule of thumb? start learning		a practical and approximate way of doing or measuring something (e.g. A good rule of thumb is that a portion of rice is two handfuls.)
what a bright/dim person means? start learning		a clever/less intelligent person
explain: to see the light start learning		If you see the light, you suddenly understand something you didn't understand before
explain: to cast light on sth start learning		to make it easier to understand
what does it mean to blow hot and cold? start learning		to be enthusiastic at one time and not at another
explain: hotheaded (adj) start learning		to react quickly on the basis of your feelings without thinking first
coldhearted start learning		without feelings
to say that someone is similar to or has the same qualities as someone else start learning		to liken sb/sth to sb/sth
explain: to take sth on board start learning		to understand or accept an idea or a piece of information (e.g. Banks need to take on board the views of their customers.)
to accept someone or something without considering whether they really are what they claim to be start learning		to take (or accept) sb/sth at face value
go smoothly / with no difficulties start learning		go/run like clockwork
on the point of starting to work well start learning		to fall into place
if sth is looking up, it's... start learning		looking very positive
explain: that's all we need/needed! start learning		in response to news that makes current problems even worse
That's the last thing I wanted to hear! start learning		in response to news that fulfill your worst fears
What a pain! start learning		Used very generally, in response to any situation that causes you difficulty
what's a complete shambles? start learning		totally disorganised and chaotic
what does this mean: "it's a mystery to me how..." start learning		= it's sth I cannot understand
explain: to get your wires crossed start learning		When people get their wires crossed, they have a different understanding of the same situation
expression: "I'm not with you" start learning		= you've lost me there = what you've said has confused me
explain: be in element/made for start learning		to be ideally suited for
to be fed up to the back teeth (with sth) start learning		be extremely unhappy, disappointed
what does it mean 'be down in the dumps/down in the mouth' start learning		to be depressed
explain: 'to walk on air' start learning		to feel extremely excited or happy (e.g. After the delivery of her baby, she was walking on air.)
to connect someone or something in your mind with someone or something else start learning		to associate
extreme and severe and not likely to change start learning		hard-line [adj] (e.g. a hard-line politician or stance)
explain: a dog's life start learning		very unhappy and unpleasant life
to use information or your knowledge of something to help you do something start learning		to draw on sth (e.g. She had a wealth of experience to draw on.) = wykorzystywać informacje, sięgać do zasobów
explain: cowboy builder start learning		builders who are not careful or trustworthy
what does 'ratty' mean? [adjective][BrE][informal] start learning		in a bad mood, or easily annoyed
explain: fishy [adjective] start learning		1. not completely right, honest, or legal, 2. tasting or smelling like fish
_____ words, especially speech, are unkind because they are intended to hurt someone start learning		catty
improve knowledge of sth already learnt but partly forgotten start learning		to brush up on sth
to give an impression of being unfriendly start learning		to come across / come over as unfriendly
to rush into a decision start learning		to make a hasty decision
to propose a plan start learning		to put forward a plan
to happen successfully start learning		to come off
to travel to one place from another start learning		to come over from somewhere
to come over sb start learning		to influence sb to behave in a particular way
what does it mean to come under sth? start learning		experience sth [usually unpleasant]
to have to deal with (a problem or difficulty) start learning		to come up against sth (e.g. obstacles)
what does it mean to dwell on sth? start learning		to keep thinking about, usually sth unpleasant
to talk at length about sth start learning		to go on about sth
explain: to urge sb on start learning		to encourage someone to do or achieve something (e.g. The crowd was cheering and urging her on all through the race.)
to continue in a determined way start learning		to press on
to call sth off start learning		to cancel sth
to start doing sth with great energy start learning		to throw oneself into sth
to become familiar with somewhere new, such as a new house, job, or school, and to feel comfortable and happy there start learning		to settle in (e.g. Once we've settled in, we'll have you over for dinner.)
to put together (e.g. a report) start learning		to prepare by collecting info from several sources
explain: do away with sth start learning		to get rid of or destroy something (e.g. The governor is proposing to do away with the state transportation department.)
mind you [spoken] start learning		it's a discourse maker, used to bring attention to an important point
now then [spoken] start learning		discourse maker, used to get people's attention when you want to ask or tell them sth
short for umbrella start learning		brolly [informal]
kitty-corner start learning		diagonally opposite (= po przekątnej)
to take a left [AmE] - what's the BrE equivalent? start learning		to turn left
what's the interstate? start learning		it's a major motorway in the US connecting different states
AmE - an intersection; BrE -? start learning		a junction
to back up (a car) [AmE] - BrE? start learning		to reverse (a car)
freshman -> sophomore -> junior (provide BrE equivalents) start learning		first year -> second year -> third year (students)
to major in French [AmE] - provide BrE start learning		to do honours in French OR to do a French honours degree
elementary/high school [AmE] - provide BrE equivalents start learning		primary/secondary school [BrE]
to handle roughly, using force start learning		to manhandle
explain: foreman start learning		supervisor
explain: girlie/girly start learning		used to describe things that girls and young women often enjoy without men, esp. involving clothes/makeup, etc.
used to describe unpleasant behaviours thought to be typical of young men in a group, esp. drinking alcohol start learning		laddish
what does 'disused' mean? start learning		no longer being used (e.g. Many disused railway tracks are now used by cyclists.)
artificial in other words start learning		man-made
explain: to hit the headlines start learning		to suddenly receive a lot of attention in the news
what are tabloid newspapers? start learning		a type of popular newspaper with small pages that has many pictures and short, simple reports:
behaving in a wild or strange way, especially because of strong emotions or extreme pain start learning		crazed (e.g. He became crazed with anger/jealousy/pain.)
provide ways to describe people who cause trouble (nouns, informal) start learning		thug = yob = lout
to move in a destructive way start learning		to rip through (e.g. town)
the tube in the body that carries air that has been breathed in from the upper end of the throat to the lungs start learning		a windpipe (= tchawica)
explain: be curtains for [informal] start learning		used for saying that someone or something will die, end, or be in serious trouble (e.g. One more mistake and it’ll be curtains for him.)
feeling extremely shocked or upset after an unpleasant experience start learning		shell-shocked
explain: to attain start learning		1. to succeed in achieving something, especially after a lot of effort, 2. to reach a particular age, amount, or level
explain: to bestow [formal] start learning		to give something as an honour or present
w odniesieniu do czegoś start learning		by reference to sth
explain: adjoining start learning		next to (e.g. the garage adjoining your property)
the person who wrote this letter is the... start learning		undersigned
not fair, or not based on any good reason start learning		unjustified
what does it mean to rectify? [forma] start learning		to correct a problem or mistake, or to make a bad situation better
what does it mean to cease operations? start learning		to stop functioning (about a company)
the closest relative in other words is... start learning		the next of kin (= najbliższy krewny)
to acknowledge the receipt of sth start learning		to inform sb that you have received sth
asap in formal way start learning		at your earliest convenience
more of an explanation is needed in formal way start learning		further clarification is required

EViU | Chapters: 86-101

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