Business law

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Question Answer
Forgery
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unlawful making or altering any writing
Obtaining goods by false pretenses
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when the acquisition results from intentional misrepresenting of a past or existing fact
Larceny
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anyone unlawfully takes property of another person
Embezzlement
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trusted white collar unlawfully takes property of another person
Mail/wire fraud
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any fraudulent scheme to intentionally deprive another of property or honest services via mail or wire communication
Bribery
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he act of giving or receiving something of value in exchange for some kind of influence or action in return, that the recipient would otherwise not alter
Industrial espionage
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theft of trade secrets
Bankruptcy fraud
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a dishonest act before, or in connection with, a bankruptcy filing
Insider trading
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Insider trading is the trading of a public company's stock or other securities by individuals with access to nonpublic information about the company
Criminal forfeiture
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property that is subject to criminal forfeiture is confiscated from its owner without any compensation being made because of its use in illegal conduct
Action item
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needs to be done
Reality check
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process to prevent you from being too optimistic
Wake-up call
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warning to rethink things
Red flag
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indicated real trouble ahead
Alarm bells
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urgent warning
Do homework
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be prepared
Go back to the drawing board
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redo something
Leave a paper trail
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write everything down
Put everything in round file
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throw away
Read the small print
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go through every detail
Dead wood
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bad employees
Perk
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non-salary benefit
Retrenchment
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a reduction in costs of staff to rescue a company
Collateral
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a security required by bank before it makes a loan
Earning guidance
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info released by company about its profits
Connect dots
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think logically
Do a 180
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change strategy
Go fishing
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find out information without knowing exactly what one is doing
Pull a fast one
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use unfair tricks
Think outside the box
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be creative
Cakewalk
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sth easy
Off the charts
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poza skalą
Save the day
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provide solution
Close the deal
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seal a deal
Drop the ball
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do sth incorrectly
Jump the gun
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do sth too fast
Rock the boat
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cause trouble
USP
marketing
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unique selecting position
CC
correspondence
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carbon copy
Impulse buy
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buy sth without planning
Bulk discount
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reduced price on a very large order
Cold call
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call from an unannounced seller
Hard sell
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aggressive sales technique
Sales rep
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salesperson who visits clients
Run a company
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Run a company
Be groomed for
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Be groomed for
Be in charge of
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Be in charge of
Report to X - być w drużynie X
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Report to X - be on the X team
Golden handshake
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last salary to a manager leaving the company
Be in the black
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make profit
Be in the red
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lose money
Red tape
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bureaucracy
Rosy scenario
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very optimistic one
Balance of payments
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money going in and out of a country
Gross domestic product
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the size of country’s economy PKB
Bait and switch
seller advertises low cost and then pressures to buy the more expensive one
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deceptive advertising
Balloon payment
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large payment due at the end of contract term
Hushmail
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repurchase of shares at a premium to ensure silence from a shareholder critical of management
Deceptive
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advertising misleading the customer
Featherbedding
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unfair labor practice; employer pays off work not performed
Freeze-out
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majority of shareholders prevent a minority from participating in decision-making process
Dummy
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a sub. corp. dominated by parent to have no legally separable existence
Colling of laws
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3/14 days to rethink purchase for a customer
Cramdown
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confirmation of bankruptcy
Fruit of a poison tree
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evidence acquired as a result of sth illegal
Lemon
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law that requires manufacturers to fix defective products
Cybersquatting
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when someone registers the domain name and acts to worsen the situation of an well-known entity acting under this domain
Disparagement
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business defamation
Duress
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physical or psychological coercion that deprives person of a free will to contract
Crown jewel
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management makes the company less attractive by selling most valuable asset
Golden parachute
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company establishes special termination or retirement rights just before a takeover, to benefit top managers
Pacman
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defense in which the target corp. attempts to takeover the acquiring corporation
Poison pill
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target corp. issues certain rights to shareholders so the company looks undesirable
White knight
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target corp. solicits a merger with a 3rd party, which makes a better tender offer
Action item
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needs to be done
Reality check
start learning
process to prevent you from being too optimistic
Wake-up call
start learning
warning to rethink things
Red flag
start learning
indicated real trouble ahead
Alarm bells
start learning
urgent warning
Do homework
start learning
be prepared
Go back to the drawing board
start learning
redo something
Leave a paper trail
start learning
write everything down
Put everything in round file
start learning
throw away
Read the small print
start learning
go through every detail
Dead wood
start learning
bad employees
Perk
start learning
non-salary benefit
Retrenchment
start learning
a reduction in costs of staff to rescue a company
Collateral
start learning
a security required by bank before it makes a loan
Earning guidance
start learning
info released by company about its profits
Connect dots
start learning
think logically
Do a 180
start learning
change strategy
Go fishing
start learning
find out information without knowing exactly what one is doing
Pull a fast one
start learning
use unfair tricks
Think outside the box
start learning
be creative
Cakewalk
start learning
sth easy
Off the charts
start learning
poza skalą
Save the day
start learning
provide solution
Close the deal
start learning
seal a deal
Drop the ball
start learning
do sth incorrectly
Jump the gun
start learning
do sth too fast
Rock the boat
start learning
cause trouble
USP
marketing
start learning
unique selecting position
CC
correspondence
start learning
carbon copy
Impulse buy
start learning
buy sth without planning
Bulk discount
start learning
reduced price on a very large order
Cold call
start learning
call from an unannounced seller
Hard sell
start learning
aggressive sales technique
Sales rep
start learning
salesperson who visits clients
Run a company
start learning
Run a company
Be groomed for
start learning
Be groomed for
Be in charge of
start learning
Be in charge of
Report to X - być w drużynie X
start learning
Report to X - be on the X team
Golden handshake
start learning
last salary to a manager leaving the company
Be in the black
start learning
make profit
Be in the red
start learning
lose money
Red tape
start learning
bureaucracy
Rosy scenario
start learning
very optimistic one
Balance of payments
start learning
money going in and out of a country
Gross domestic product
start learning
the size of country’s economy PKB
Bait and switch
seller advertises low cost and then pressures to buy the more expensive one
start learning
deceptive advertising
Balloon payment
start learning
large payment due at the end of contract term
Hushmail
start learning
repurchase of shares at a premium to ensure silence from a shareholder critical of management
Deceptive
start learning
advertising misleading the customer
Featherbedding
start learning
unfair labor practice; employer pays off work not performed
Freeze-out
start learning
majority of shareholders prevent a minority from participating in decision-making process
Dummy
start learning
a sub. corp. dominated by parent to have no legally separable existence
Colling of laws
start learning
3/14 days to rethink purchase for a customer
Cramdown
start learning
confirmation of bankruptcy
Fruit of a poison tree
start learning
evidence acquired as a result of sth illegal
Lemon
start learning
law that requires manufacturers to fix defective products
Cybersquatting
start learning
when someone registers the domain name and acts to worsen the situation of an well-known entity acting under this domain
Disparagement
start learning
business defamation
Duress
start learning
physical or psychological coercion that deprives person of a free will to contract
Crown jewel
start learning
management makes the company less attractive by selling most valuable asset
Golden parachute
start learning
company establishes special termination or retirement rights just before a takeover, to benefit top managers
Pacman
start learning
defense in which the target corp. attempts to takeover the acquiring corporation
Poison pill
start learning
target corp. issues certain rights to shareholders so the company looks undesirable
White knight
start learning
target corp. solicits a merger with a 3rd party, which makes a better tender offer
Forgery
start learning
unlawful making or altering any writing
Obtaining goods by false pretenses
start learning
when the acquisition results from intentional misrepresenting of a past or existing fact
Larceny
start learning
anyone unlawfully takes property of another person
Embezzlement
start learning
trusted white collar unlawfully takes property of another person
Mail/wire fraud
start learning
any fraudulent scheme to intentionally deprive another of property or honest services via mail or wire communication
Bribery
start learning
he act of giving or receiving something of value in exchange for some kind of influence or action in return, that the recipient would otherwise not alter
Industrial espionage
start learning
theft of trade secrets
Bankruptcy fraud
start learning
a dishonest act before, or in connection with, a bankruptcy filing
Insider trading
start learning
Insider trading is the trading of a public company's stock or other securities by individuals with access to nonpublic information about the company.
Criminal forfeiture
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property that is subject to criminal forfeiture is confiscated from its owner without any compensation being made because of its use in illegal conduct
Agency
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relation in which one person acts for or represents another
principal
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source of authority or right
bylaws
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regulations and rules adopted by a corp., UK: articles of association
dividends
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the company's profits when they are declared or set apart by the company director
dormant
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an inactive but legal corporation which could be operatng, but is not
S corp
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a company in which capital is divided into shares held by owners of the company and which is authorized by law to pay its profits to stockholders in form of dividends
C corp
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a company which pays 2 tax, filed federal income tax, most opular in the US
controlling interest
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when 1 shareholder controls a majority of the shares in a corporation
close held corporation
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when single shareholder or a close kit of shareholders hold shares
collapsible corporation
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corp formed for one specific venture, ceases to exist after venture is finished
brother/sister corporation
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when two or more corps are owed and controlled by one entity
membership corporation
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non stock, non profit company

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