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Question		Answer
morphemes start learning		minimal unit of meaning or grammatical function
free morphemes start learning		can stand alone as single words
lexical morphemes start learning		ordinary nouns, adjectives and verbs which we think of the words which carry the content of messages we convey (open class of words)
functional morphemes start learning		functional words in the language (conjunctions, prepositions, articles, pronouns)
derivational morphemes start learning		used to make new words in the language, often used to make words of a different grammatical category from the stem
inflectional morphemes start learning		not used to produce new words in the eng. Lang. but rather to indicate aspects of the grammatical function of a word
morphs start learning		the actual forms used to realize morphemes
allomorphs start learning		the actual forms of morphs which result from the single single morpheme "plural" turn out to be different
reduplication start learning		repetition device as a mean of inflectional markingp
articulatory phonetics start learning		the stud. of how speech sounds are made or articulated
acoustic phon. start learning		it deals with the physical properties of speech as sound waves in the air
auditory phon. start learning		deals with the reception, via the ear, of speech sounds
forensic phon. start learning		it is dealing with the identification of the speaker and the analysis of recorded utterances
consonants start learning		place of articulation, where the sound is made
(cons.) bilabials start learning		the sound formed using both upper and lower lips
(cons.) labiodentals start learning		the sounds formed with the upper teeth and the lower lip
(cons.) dentals start learning		the sounds formed with the tongue tip behind the upper front teeth
(cons.) alveolars start learning		the sounds formed with the front part of the palate, near the alveolar ridge
(cons.) alveo-palatals start learning		the sounds produced with the tongue at the very front of the palate, near the alveolar ridge
(cons.) velars start learning		the sounds produced with the back of the tongue, against the velum
(cons.) glottal start learning		the sounds produced without the active use of the tongue and other parts of the month, the sound is produced at the larynx (glottis - the space between the vocal cords)
(manner of arti.) stops start learning		the sounds produced by some form of "complete stopping" of airstream and then letting it go abruptly
(manner of arti.) fricatives start learning		the sound produced by almost blocking the airstream, and having the air push through the narrow opening as the air is pushed through, a type of friction is produced
(manner of arti.) affricates start learning		the sounds produced by combining brief stopping of the airstream with an obstructed release which causes some friction
(manner of arti.) nasal start learning		the sounds produced by lowering the velum and the airstream is allowed to flow out through the nose
(manner of arti.) approximants start learning		articulation of these sounds is strongly influenced by the following vowel sound
(manner of arti.) glides start learning		the sounds produced with the tongue moving to or from the position of a nearby vowel
(manner of arti.) liquids start learning		the s. formed by letting the airstream flow around the sides of the tongue as it makes contact with the alveolar ridge
(manner of arti.) glottal stops start learning		it occurs when the space between the vocal cords is closed completely, very briefly, and then realized
(manner of arti.) flap start learning		the sounds produced by the tongue tip being thrown against the alveolar ridge for an instant
vowels start learning		they are produced with a relatively free flow of air, they are typically voiced, front versus a back and a high versus a low area
dipthongs start learning		combined vowel sounds which contain two different sounds, they begin with a vowel sound and with a glide
phonology start learning		the description of the systems and patterns of speech sounds in a language
phonology permits a speaker start learning		(to->,) produce sounds that form meaningful utterances, recognize a foreign accent, make up new words, form plurals or past tenses
phonemes start learning		meaning, distinguishing sounds in a language, functions contrastively
phones and allomorphs start learning		different versions of a sound type

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