→ TOLES Foundation 1A (Definitions 2) → Start Learning / Download MP3 Flashcards

Question		Answer
advocate employed start learning		this is a person who pleads a case of someone before a court; an advocate must be self
allegation start learning		an accusation against the defendant without proof; a statement by a party of what they undertake to prove
assets start learning		things that a person or company owns
attorney / attorney fact start learning		in this person is a lawyer who gives legal advice to individuals and companies. he or she passed his or her exam in the usa at the end of his or her studies and is usually a member of the american bar association
bailiff start learning		umowa przewidująca zapłatę wynagrodzenia tylko w przypadku wygranej sprawy
enforcement officer start learning		a fully qualified lawyer who acts on behalf of the court to collect fines and debts; a debt collector
barrister start learning		this person is a lawyer who gives legal advice and opinions to solicitors. he or she passed the exams of the bar council of england & wales at the end of his or her studies.
breach start learning		means to break the law, e.g. ‘to breach a contract’, or ‘a breach of contract’
claim start learning		1) noun: a right to claim or demand something; a demand for a right or supposed right, a title to any debt, privilege, or other thing in possession of another 2) verb: to be entitled to anything; to officially ask for something as a right
claim form start learning		the document that a claimant uses to start legal action against the defendant
conveyancing start learning		the process of legally transferring ownership of land or buildings from one person to another
damages start learning		compensation; the money to compensate for the damage
damage start learning		injury or harm to a person, property, or reputation
defendant start learning		a party to a court case against whom a claim was filed to a court of law; a person required to make an answer in an action or suit
court fee start learning		a sum of money that a claimant has to pay to the court to issue proceedings
goods start learning		things that we purchase; objects produced for sale; things that are produced so that they can be sold
hearing start learning		when a judge listens to the details of the claim and what the claimant and the defendant say about their dispute
injured person start learning		the person who is hurt because of someone’s negligence
insolvent start learning		not having enough money to pay one's debts
insolvency start learning		the state of a business of not having enough money to pay what it owes
tenancy / landlord/ tenant start learning		a person who owns a house, a flat or office and receives rent from someone for allowing them to live there, or to use the building for business purposes
lease / lessor / lessee start learning		an agreement to allow someone to use land or buildings for a fixed period of time in return for a payment of rent
maternity leave start learning		the time period when a woman is not at work before or after the birth of her baby
merger start learning		joining together of two or more things, such as companies, to form one single thing or company
negligence start learning		means that someone was not careful enough and this person’s carelessness hurt another person as a result
partnership start learning		a business which a minimum of two people own and control
permission start learning		the act of permitting or allowing
permit start learning		an official document that gives you permission to do something
persecute start learning		to treat someone extremely badly or refuse them equal rights, especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs
prosecute start learning		to take legal action against someone in the criminal court
plaintiff start learning		the person who starts the claim in the civil court against the defendant; called the claimant in the uk
plead a case start learning		speak for someone in court
redundancy start learning		a situation where someone has to leave their job because they are no longer needed by the employer
rent start learning		the money that someone pays, usually every month, to use a flat, a house or an office that belongs to someone else
request start learning		ask for, demand
require start learning		need
right of audience start learning		the skill of speaking for someone in court (advocacy)
sick pay start learning		the money that an employer must pay to an employee when that employee is ill and cannot work
solicitor start learning		a lawyer who gives legal advice to individuals and companies. he or she passed the exams of the law society of england and wales at the end of the studies
suing someone start learning		informal way of saying starting legal proceedings against someone
tenant start learning		a person who pays rent to the owner of a house, a flat or an office in return for living there, or for using the building for business purposes
the small claims court start learning		the special procedure that exist at the county court for small claims; a small claim is a claim for a maximum amount of £5.000
tort start learning		harmful action in which someone hurts or harms another person because of a breach
unfair dismissal start learning		a situation where someone loses his or her job for a reason that is not legally admissible
valid start learning		legally correct and acceptable (opp. invalid)
validity start learning		the quality or state of being valid
advocate start learning		this is a person who pleads a case of someone before a court; an advocate must be self-employed
allegation start learning		an accusation against the defendant without proof; a statement by a party of what they undertake to prove
assets start learning		things that a person or company owns
attorney / attorney-in-fact start learning		this person is a lawyer who gives legal advice to individuals and companies. he or she passed his or her exam in the usa at the end of his or her studies and is usually a member of the american bar associationy-in-fact
bailiff start learning		a person who can legally take a person’s property when the person does not pay money that he or she owes; also an officer in the court who keeps order in the courtroom
enforcement officer start learning		a fully qualified lawyer who acts on behalf of the court to collect fines and debts; a debt collector
barrister start learning		this person is a lawyer who gives legal advice and opinions to solicitors. he or she passed the exams of the bar council of england & wales at the end of his or her studies.
breach start learning		means to break the law, e.g. ‘to breach a contract’, or ‘a breach of contract’
claim start learning		1) noun: a right to claim or demand something; a demand for a right or supposed right, a title to any debt, privilege, or other thing in possession of another 2) verb: to be entitled to anything; to officially ask for something as a right
claim form start learning		the document that a claimant uses to start legal action against the defendant
conveyancing start learning		the process of legally transferring ownership of land or buildings from one person to another
damages start learning		compensation; the money to compensate for the damage
damage start learning		injury or harm to a person, property, or reputation
defendant start learning		a party to a court case against whom a claim was filed to a court of law; a person required to make an answer in an action or suit
court fee start learning		a sum of money that a claimant has to pay to the court to issue proceedings
goods start learning		things that we purchase; objects produced for sale; things that are produced so that they can be sold
hearing start learning		when a judge listens to the details of the claim and what the claimant and the defendant say about their dispute
injured person start learning		the person who is hurt because of someone’s negligence
insolvent start learning		not having enough money to pay one's debts
insolvency start learning		the state of a business of not having enough money to pay what it owes
tenancy / landlord/ tenant start learning		a person who owns a house, a flat or office and receives rent from someone for allowing them to live there, or to use the building for business purposes
lease / lessor / lessee start learning		an agreement to allow someone to use land or buildings for a fixed period of time in return for a payment of rent
maternity leave start learning		the time period when a woman is not at work before or after the birth of her baby
merger start learning		joining together of two or more things, such as companies, to form one single thing or company
negligence start learning		means that someone was not careful enough and this person’s carelessness hurt another person as a result
partnership start learning		a business which a minimum of two people own and control
permission start learning		the act of permitting or allowing
permit start learning		an official document that gives you permission to do something
persecute start learning		to treat someone extremely badly or refuse them equal rights, especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs
prosecute start learning		to take legal action against someone in the criminal court
plaintiff start learning		the person who starts the claim in the civil court against the defendant; called the claimant in the uk
plead a case start learning		speak for someone in court
redundancy start learning		a situation where someone has to leave their job because they are no longer needed by the employer
rent start learning		the money that someone pays, usually every month, to use a flat, a house or an office that belongs to someone else
request start learning		ask for, demand
require start learning		need
right of audience start learning		the skill of speaking for someone in court (advocacy)
sick pay start learning		the money that an employer must pay to an employee when that employee is ill and cannot work
solicitor start learning		a lawyer who gives legal advice to individuals and companies. he or she passed the exams of the law society of england and wales at the end of the studies
suing someone start learning		informal way of saying starting legal proceedings against someone
tenant start learning		a person who pays rent to the owner of a house, a flat or an office in return for living there, or for using the building for business purposes
the small claims court start learning		the special procedure that exist at the county court for small claims; a small claim is a claim for a maximum amount of £5.000
tort start learning		harmful action in which someone hurts or harms another person because of a breach
unfair dismissal start learning		a situation where someone loses his or her job for a reason that is not legally admissible
valid start learning		legally correct and acceptable (opp. invalid)
validity start learning		the quality or state of being valid
will start learning		a legal document in which a person gives details of what they want to happen to their property after their death

TOLES Foundation 1A (Definitions 2)

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