Rome

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Question Answer
voussoir
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a wedge-shaped or tapered stone used to construct an arch. (next to keystone)
pilaster
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a column, projecting from a wall.
portico
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a structure consisting of a roof supported by columns at regular intervals, typically attached as a porch to a building.
amphitheater
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an open circular or oval building with a central space surrounded by tiers of seats for spectators, for the presentation of dramatic or sporting events. (amfiteatr)
oculus
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a round opening in dome
coffer
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a recessed panel in a ceiling. (kaseton)
keystone
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a central stone at the summit of an arch, locking the whole together. (zwornik)
groin vault
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a central stone at the summit of an arch, locking the whole together. (sklepienie krzyżowe)
aqueduct
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An aqueduct is a watercourse constructed to carry water from a source to a distribution point far away (akwedukt)
wedge-shaped
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any shape that is triangular in cross section (voussoir is a wedge-shaped element)(klinowy)
landscape architecture
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the art and practice of designing the outdoor environment, especially designing parks or gardens together with buildings and roads. (przykład Hardian"s Villa)
Trajan's column
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monument that bears his name, column celebrated his victories in the Dacian wars
Insula
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insula (insulae) means “island” - the high-rise apartment dwellings of the Roman world, presumably since they rose like islands from the built landscape of the city. The insulae of ancient Roman cities provided housing for the bulk of the urban populace.
atrium
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an open-roofed entrance hall or central court in an ancient Roman house.
niche
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a shallow recess, especially one in a wall to display a statue or other ornament.
pier
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is an upright support for a structure or superstructure such as an arch or bridge. (taka większa kolumna)
folly
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an unusual building that was built in the past as a decoration, not to be used or lived in (in garden or park)
frigidarium
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is a large cold pool at the Roman baths
triumphal arch
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is a free-standing monumental structure in the shape of an archway with one or more arched passageways, often designed to span a road (Łuk triumfalny)
tile
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a thin rectangular slab (broken tiles were also used to make concrete)
trading hall
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old shopping mall, marketplace (Trajan's market)(hala handlowa)
taberna
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was a type of shop or stall in Ancient Rome.
nave
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the long central part of a church (nawa)
basilica
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the main covered public meeting place, had may functions: trading room, law court
relief
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art of sculptured bas-reliefs was a Roman statuary genre of most significance. While this medium allowed the artist to represent complex scenes, the remaining sculpture can tell us about the Roman lifestyle, important events and military equipment.
malleable
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able to be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking.
blind arch
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is an arch found in the wall of a building that has been infilled with solid construction and so cannot serve as a passageway, door or window.
thermae
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In ancient Rome, thermae and balneae were facilities for bathing. Thermae usually refers to the large imperial bath complexes
Hardian's villa
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complex of buildings near Tivoli, was built as a country retreat for the emperor Hardian and was here he spent his final years
volcanic ash
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was used to make concrete
pediment
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the triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style, typically surmounting a portico of columns.
drum
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any of the cylindrical stone blocks composing a column that is not a monolith
sewage system
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sanitation (kanalizacja)
courthouse
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is a building that is home to a local court of law (Sąd)
domus
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. The domus is essentially a dwelling for a single, extended family unit, while the apartment block contains multiple units. The top to-bottom arrangement of the Roman apartment block was the inverse of what is true in the twenty first century:
aisle
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a part of a church divided laterally from the nave by a row of pillars or columns
arcade
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used arcades to construct large wall structures; the most famous example being the Colosseum in Rome which has 80 arcaded openings on its first three storeys
grid
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a network of lines that cross each other to form a series of squares or rectangles.
forum
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a place, meeting, or medium where ideas and views on a particular issue can be exchanged.
barrel vault
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also known as a tunnel vault or a wagon vault, is an architectural element formed by the extrusion of a single curve

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