roadmap C1-C2 3&4

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Question Answer
impartial
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,not involved in a particular situation, and therefore able to give a fair opinion or piece of advice
realistic
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,judging and dealing with situations in a practical way according to what is actually possible rather than what you would like to happen
disclose
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,to make something publicly known, especially after it has been kept secret
unsubstantiated
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,not proved to be true
insubstantial
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,not solid, large, strong or definite
footage
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,film or video showing a particular event
murder
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,the crime of deliberately killing someone
assassination
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,the act of murdering an important person
character assassination
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,an unfair attack on someone’s character
bend the truth
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,to say something that is not completely true
credible
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,deserving or able to be believed or trusted
creditable
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,deserving praise or approval
publicity stunt
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,something that is only done to get publicity
interpretation
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,the way in which someone explains or understands an event, information, someone’s actions etc.
interplay
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,the way in which two people or things affect each other
brief
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,to give (someone) all the information about a situation that they will need
disclose
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,to make (something) publicly known, especially after it has been kept secret
substantiate
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,to prove the truth of (something that someone has said, claimed etc.)
misrepresent
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,to deliberately give a wrong description of (someone’s opinions or of a situation)
smear
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,to tell an untrue story about (someone important) in order to make people lose respect for them – used especially in newspapers
pitch
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,to present an idea or concept to someone in a way that they will accept it
probe
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,to ask questions in order to find things out, especially things that other people do not want you to know
unearth
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,to find (information or the truth about something or someone)
expose
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,to show the truth about (someone or something), especially when it is bad
proofread
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,to read through (something that is written or printed) in order to correct any mistakes in it
sensationalise
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,to deliberately make (something) seem as strange, exciting or shocking as possible – used to show disapproval
plagiarise
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,to take words or ideas from another person’s work and use them in your work, without stating that they are not your own
as clear as day
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,very easy to see or understand
put your finger on something
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,to know or be able to explain exactly what is wrong, different or unusual about a situation
crystal clear
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,very easy to see or understand
in plain English
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,in clear and simple words, without using technical language
as clear as mud
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,used humorously to say that something is very difficult to understand
a hidden agenda
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,the secret purpose behind a plan or activity that you do not tell other people about – used to show disapproval
panic attack
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,a sudden strong feeling of fear or nervousness that makes you unable to think clearly or behave sensibly
traumatic
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,a traumatic experience is so shocking and upsetting that it affects you for a long time
bring someone out in a cold sweat
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,to make someone very nervous or frightened
a daunting prospect
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,a particular event which will probably or definitely happen in the, future, that is frightening in a way that makes you feel less confident
churn
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if your stomach churns, you feel sick because you are nervous or frightened
debilitating
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making you ill or weak
get a buzz out of something
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to get a strong feeling of excitement, pleasure or success from doing something
rush
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a sudden strong, usually pleasant feeling that you get from taking a drug or from doing something exciting
exhilaration
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a feeling of being happy, excited and full of energy
thrill
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a sudden strong feeling of excitement and pleasure, or the thing that makes you feel this
self-conscious
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worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you
self-contained
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a self-contained flat has its own kitchen and bathroom
self-control
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the ability to behave calmly and sensibly even when you feel very excited, angry etc.
self-effacing
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the feeling of being satisfied with your own abilities, and that you deserve to be liked or respected
self-esteem
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the feeling of being satisfied with your own abilities, and that you deserve to be liked or respected
self-explanatory
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clear and easy to understand without needing any more explanation
self-indulgent
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allowing yourself to have or do things that you enjoy but do not need, especially if you do this too often
self-inflicted
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self-inflicted pain, problems, illnesses etc. are those you have caused yourself
self-made
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a self-made man or woman has become successful and rich by their own efforts, not by having money given to them
self-pity
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the feeling of being sad and depressed because you think that something unfair or unpleasant has happened to you – used to show disapproval
self-reinforcing
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strengthening your own existing feelings, behaviour or opinions
self-reliant
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able to do or decide things by yourself, without depending on the help or advice of other people
self-righteous
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proudly sure that your beliefs, attitudes and morals are good and right, in a way that annoys other people – used to show disapproval
self-sacrificing
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deciding not to do or have something you want or need, in order to help someone else
a strong sense of duty
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a feeling that you have to do something because it is morally or legally right
prior work experience
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the previous experience you have had of working in a particular type of job
exorbitant rent
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an exorbitant rent (= money paid to live in a house or room that belongs to someone else, or to use something that belongs to someone else) is much higher than it should be
mutual support
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mutual support is support that two or more people give each other
an untapped resource
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something useful that is available but has not yet been used
on a regular basis
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at the same time each day, week, month etc., or often
household chores
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small jobs that you have to do regularly in a home, especially work that you do to keep a house clean
have a profound impact on something
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to have a very important or strong effect or influence on something
muted
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a muted reaction to something is not expressed strongly
vibrant
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full of activity or energy in a way that is exciting and attractive
rich
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full of interesting or important features, facts, events or ideas
fleeting
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lasting for only a short time
fuzzy
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if a sound or picture is fuzzy, it is unclear
vivid
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vivid memories, dreams, descriptions etc. are so clear that they seem real
odour
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a smell, especially an unpleasant one
aroma
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a strong pleasant smell
crystal-clear
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completely clear
blurry
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difficult to see because the edges are not clear
crisp
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food that is crisp is pleasantly hard or firm when you bite it; weather that is crisp is cold and dry
faint
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difficult to see, hear, smell etc.
fluffy
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(appearing to be) very light and soft to touch
hazy
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air that is hazy is not clear because there is a lot of smoke, dust or mist in it
indistinct
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an indistinct sound, image or memory cannot be seen, heard or remembered clearly
mellow
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mellow wine or fruit has a smooth pleasant taste
metallic
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a metallic noise sounds like pieces of metal hitting each other; a metallic colour shines like metal
muffled
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muffled sounds cannot be heard clearly, for example because they come from behind a door or wall
musty
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a musty room, house or object has an unpleasant smell, because it is old and has not had any fresh air for a long time
pungent
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having a strong taste or smell
resonant
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a resonant sound is deep, loud and clear, and continues for a long time
savoury
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a savoury smell or taste is strong and pleasant but is not sweet
shrill
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a shrill sound is very high and unpleasant
silky
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soft, smooth, and shiny like silk; a silky voice is gentle, and is used especially when trying to persuade someone to do something
succulent
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juicy and good to eat
textured
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having a surface that is not smooth
blare
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to make a very loud unpleasant noise
bloodcurdling
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extremely frightening
blotchy
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covered in coloured marks
bristly
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bristly hair is short and stiff
crinkly
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having a lot of small lines or folds
clank
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if a metal object clanks, it makes a loud heavy sound
clatter
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if heavy hard objects clatter, or if you clatter them, they make a loud unpleasant noise
ear-splitting
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very loud
fleecy
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soft and woolly, or looking soft and woolly
piquant
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having a pleasantly spicy taste
starlit
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made brighter by light from the stars
willowy
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tall, graceful thin and
reach a compromise
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to achieve an agreement after everyone involved accepts less than what they wanted at first
give and take
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a willingness between two people or groups to understand each other, and to let each other have or do some of the things they want
make a concession on something
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to allow someone to have something in order to end an argument or a disagreement
stick to your guns
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to refuse to change your mind about something, even though other people are trying to persuade you that you are wrong
dig your heels in
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to refuse to do something in spite of other people’s efforts to persuade you
split the difference
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to agree on an amount that is exactly between two amounts that have been mentioned
a bargaining chip
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something that one person or group in a business deal or political agreement has, that can be used to gain an advantage in the deal
find common ground
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to identify facts, features or beliefs that are shared by people or things that are very different
break the deadlock
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to finally resolve a disagreement which could not be settled

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