Recepcja 2.1

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Question Answer
to draw marks that have no meaning
bazgrać, gryzmolić
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scribble
scribbles on walls
to write in a careless and untidy way, so that your words are not easy to read
bazgrać, gryzmolić
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scrawl
messages scrawled on subway trains
strongly established and not likely to change – often used to show disapproval
głęboko zakorzeniony, umocniony
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entrenched
Ageism is entrenched in our society.
the quality of deserving to be believed and trusted
wiarygodność
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credibility
The scandal has damaged his credibility as a leader.
sth that is a secret and intended to damage or destroy a government or an established system
wywrotny, przewrotny
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subversive
subversive apeal
a quality that makes people like something or someone
urok, atrakcyjność
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appeal
subversive appeal
to obtain or achieve something you want or need
osiągać, zdobywać
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gain
gain a footing
the conditions or arrangements on which something is based
oparcie, podstawa, położenie, fundament
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footing
gain a footing
for no reason
spontanicznie
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on a whim
I didn’t leave just on a whim
an unfair criticism that is intended to make people dislike someone or something
oszczerstwo, obelga
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slur
a racist slur
to speak unclearly without separating your words or sounds correctly/ to criticize someone or something unfairly
bełkotać/ oczerniać
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to slur
She was slurring her words as if she was drunk.
a scribbled rendition of a name or nickname
(jako podpis graficiarza)
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tag
to illegally paint your name on a wall, vehicle etc (informal)
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to tag
a piece of plastic, metal, or paper in which designs or letters have been cut out, that you put over a surface and paint over, so that the design is left on the surface
szablon
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stencil
to formally ask someone to write an official report, produce a work of art for you etc
zlecać
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commission
Graffiti art might be commissioned, like a...
a painting that is painted on a wall, either inside or outside a building
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mural
someone who is in charge of a museum or zoo
kustosz (np. w muzeum)
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curator
He’s Curator of Prints at the Metropolitan.
relating to art or culture
artystyczny
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artistic
artistic merit
an advantage or good feature of something
wartość, zaleta
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merit
artistic merit
able to be carried or moved easily
przenośny
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portable
a portable radio
to have an effect or influence on something, or not have any effect or influence
mieć związek z czymś, mieć na coś wpływ
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have a/some/no etc bearing on something
Exercise has a direct bearing on how healthy you are
being part of the nature or character of someone or something
nieodłączny, wrodzony
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intrinsic
the intrinsic interest of the subject
the state of a situation as it is
stan istniejący
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the status quo
Will the West use its influence to maintain the status quo and not disrupt the flow of oil?
zachowywać w pamięci
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retain
It was a means of retaining their custome and cultute.
the force that causes objects to fall to the ground or to move towards each other because of their mass
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the force that causes objects to fall to in English
gravity
supplied or equipped with people, especially soldiers or crew members; (of spacecraft, aircraft, etc.) having a human crew
załogowy
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manned
a person trained to travel and work in space
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astronaut
a base from which a weapon or spacecraft is launched
płyta wyrzutni rakiet
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launching pad
when a weapon or spacecraft is sent into the sky or into space
wystrzelenie
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launch
an audible backward counting in fixed units (such as seconds) from an arbitrary starting number to mark the time remaining before an event
odliczanie
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countdown
the moment when a vehicle that is about to travel in space leaves the ground
wystrzelenie
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lift-off
a landing by a spacecraft in the sea
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splashdown
a vehicle that is able to travel in space
statek kosmiczny
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spacecraft
the curved path travelled by an object which is moving around another much larger object such as the Earth, the Sun etc
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orbit
if a ship or the captain does it, it sails into a dock so that it can unload
wprowadzać do portu
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dock
an important task or duty that involves travel, especially by a member of the armed forces or space program
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mission
to make a coin
wybijać, wytłaczać (monetę)
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mint
mint a coin
to invent a new word or expression, especially one that many people start to use
wymyślić powiedzenie
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coin
The word ‘aromatherapy’ was coined in the 1920s.
the arrival of large numbers of people or large amounts of money, goods etc, especially suddenly
przypływ, napływ
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influx
a sudden influx of cash
someone who writes plays
dramatopisarz
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playwright
someone who has not learned to read or write
analfabeta
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illiterate
a situation in which something is no longer used
wyjść z użycia
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disuse
The building eventually fell into disuse.
a lot of something useful or good
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a wealth of sth
a wealth of imaginative ideas
to sit in the ring around a colleague who is making a parliamentary announcement, so that it is not clear to television viewers that the room is partically deserted
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to doughtnut
someone who studies and knows about grammar
gramatyk
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grammarian
Nie zawrócisz Wisły kijem.
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You cannot turn the ride.
able to read and write
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lierate
almost
praktycznie, niemalże
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virtually
Virtually all the children come to school by bus.
give impression of
robić wrażenie
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come across as
come across as ignorant
to go back to the way things were done in the past instead of doing things in a modern way – used to show disapproval
cofnąć czas
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put/turn the clock back
The new employment bill will put the clock back 50 years.
a special boot with a single row of wheels fixed under it, used for skating on hard surfaces
rolka
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rollerblade
(technical) the way in which a word changes its form to show a difference in its meaning or use
modulacja (?)
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inflection
noticeable in an unpleasant or annoying way
rzucający si w oczy, natręptny
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obtrusive
The waiters were friendly and not obtrusive.
to enjoy something very much
rozkoszować się, napawać się
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revel in
He revelled in his new-found fame.
(spoken) used when something someone does or says is almost correct or successful
blisko, ale niezupełnie
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close, but no cigar
It was close, but no cigar for the Dodgers as they lost to the Reds 4–3.
(formal) seeming to be everywhere – sometimes used humorously
wszechobecny, rozpowszechniony
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ubiquitous
Coffee shops are ubiquitous these days.
to succeed in communicating ideas or information to other people
zakomunikować, przekazać
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get (sth) over
It’s important that we get this message over to young people.
to succeed in speaking to someone on the telephone
dodzwonić się
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get through
It’s hard to get through to my uncle at times.
to mention a subject or start to talk about it
poruszać coś
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bring up
Why did you have to bring up the subject of money?
if something such as a name or a subject appears in something you read or hear
pojawiać się, przewijać się
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crop up
Your name kept cropping up in conversation.
to persuade someone not to do something
odwieść kogoś od czegoś
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talk sth out of sb
Can’t you talk them out of selling the house?
talk about work
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talk business
when sth is done for the value of the experience itself, not for any advantage it will bring
dla samego siebie
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for its own sake
art for art’s sake
to be very useful to someone when needed
przydać się komuś
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stand sb in good stead
His years of training were standing him in good stead.
done in a sensible and careful way
rozsądny, roztropny
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judicious
a judicious choice
someone who starts a new business or arranges business deals in order to make money, often in a way that involves financial risks
przedsiębiorczy
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entreprenuerial
the state of being unclear, confusing, or not certain, or things that produce this effect
dwuznaczność, niejednoznaczność
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ambiguity
something that is unclear, confusing, or not certain, especially because it can be understood in more than one way
dwuznaczny, niejednoznaczny
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ambiguous
a university degree course in Britain in which two main subjects are studied
dyplom ukończenia studiów z dwóch kierunków
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joint honorous
joint honorous courses, joint honorous graduates
to sleep lightly for a short time
zdrzemnąć się
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doze
Grandad was dozing in his chair.
a period of sleep
kima (drzemka)
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kip
I’ve only had an hour’s kip.
a short sleep, especially during the day
drzemka
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nap
I usually take a nap after lunch.
to sleep
spać, zdrzemnąć się
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slumber
He had a legendary ability to learn while slumbering.
(informal) to sleep lightly for a short time
uciąć drzemkę
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snooze
Dad was snoozing in his armchair.
to go to sleep very quickly because you are very tired
paść ze zmęczenia
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crash out
I just want to go home and crash out.
to go to sleep, especially when you did not intend to
odpłynąć
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doze off
I must have dozed off.
to gradually fall asleep
stopniowo zasypiać, odpływać
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drift off
I was just drifting off when the phone rang.
to begin to sleep
przysnąć
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drop off
She kept dropping off at her desk.
to begin to sleep, usually when you do not intend to and are sitting somewhere
przysypiać
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nod off
I missed the movie because I kept nodding off.
an argument etc that is full of angry and excited feelings
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heated (discussion, argument, etc.)
sleep very well
spać jak kamień, jak suseł, jak zabity
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sleep like a log
to hold something tightly
trzymać się kurczowo
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hang on sth
hang in to their traditions
at the time that something happens
jak tylko
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as and when
We don't own a car - we just rent one as and when we need it.
to be a feature of something, especially a feature that cannot be avoided
być nieodłączną częścią czegoś
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be part and parcel of something
Being recognized in the street is part and parcel of being a celebrity.
when a situation is uncertain
ryzykowny, niepewny
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touch and go
The doctor says that it's touch-and-go whether Mary will be okay.
when everything about a situation is considered together
ogólnie rzecz biorąc, w zasadzie, w sumie
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by and large
There are a few small things that I don't like about my job, but by and large it's very enjoyable.
happening or existing only some of the time
od czasu do czasu
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off and on
He worked off and on as a bicycle messenger, but he never found permanent work.
if you you always support or stay with sb, even if there are problems or difficulties
na dobre i na złe
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through thick and thin
She has stuck with me through thick and thin.
a sudden act of breathing in, especially when you are shocked
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intake of breath
Where an intake of breath is not necessarily followed by an exhalation.
the beginning of something, especially something bad
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the onset of something
the onset of winter
when something unpleasant begins and seems likely to continue for a long time
nastać, zapanować
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set in
Winter seems to be setting in early this year.
to provide support or help for someone or something
wspierać
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back up
The police officers are backed up by extra teams of people at the weekend.
to delay the progress or development of a plan, project etc
opóźniać
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set back
The war damaged the country’s infrastructure and set back the pace of economic recovery.
to not do something that someone trusts or expects you to do
zawieść kogoś
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let sb down
to enter a building or car by using force, in order to steal something
włamać się
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break into sth
when sth unpleasant starts to happen (like war, fire, fight)
wybuchnąć
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break out
I was still living in London when the war broke out.
when sth gradually becomes bigger or greater
narastać
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build up
lać (o deszczu)
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pour down
when a meeting, event or a footbalgame starts
rozpoczynać
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kick off
The match kicks off at noon.

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Recepcja 1.1

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