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Question		Answer
P&L start learning		Profit and Loss
LE Acronym start learning		Latest Estimate
What Latest Estimate is? start learning		this is the current forecast submitted at the end of the prior month
LE M03 start learning		forecast is the march forecast submitted as part of the March close
How often do we make forecast? start learning		Forecast is for every month until the end of the financial year (January to December)
Financial Year start learning		01. January - 31. December
PY acronym start learning		Prior Year performance
FY acronym start learning		Financial Year
vPY start learning		versus Prior Year
vPY% start learning		versus prior year percentage
P - acronym start learning		Plan also called Budget
Forecast cycle vs Budget (plan) cycle start learning		Whereas we set forecast every month, budget is planned once a year
Budget Cycle start learning		July to October
can budget change within a year? start learning		Budget never changes, forecast can change
Budget exchange rate, CER start learning		Set once a year at the beginning of a year. Introduced, so we do not have to worry about the exchange rates changing throughout the year
What is the currency of all the numbers in P&L? start learning		All currencies are converted to Budget exchange rate. So there is no noise
When we look at Financial statement and comparison with the prior year number. Which exchange rate is used start learning		We are restating prior year in terms of current exchange rate
how is vPY% calculated start learning		(FY20 LE - FY19)/FY19
Is reduced Cost shown as positive number or as negative number? start learning		positive
Is reduced Headcount shown as positive number or as negative number? start learning		positive
How are negative numbers representated start learning		minus, brackets, red
Which items add to profitability start learning		Revenue, GM, EBIDTA
Which items take away from profitability start learning		Project Costs, Other costs, Expense
% - percentages for comparison with prior year start learning		Change divided by the prior period of comparison. Absulute value divided by the prior year
% - percentages for comparison with the plan start learning		Absolute value divided by the plan
% Pts - expand name start learning		percentage points
% Pts - what is this used for? start learning		This is used when comparing two numbers that are themselves percentages
Give an example of "2% pts" start learning		EBIDTA growth from 20% to 22% is 2% pts
EBITDA % start learning		EBITDA Margin - EBITDA/Revenue * 100%
Revenue start learning		Amount of money that IQVIA have earned. Amount of work that we have done.
How do we split Cost start learning		Project Cost + Other Costs
Total Costs start learning		Costs are all the costs directly required to sell and deliver offerings to IQVIA clients
Project Costs start learning		Project Costs
Cost employee vs expense employee start learning		Cost employee whose work is directly required to deliver clients offerings
Example of expense employee start learning		Accountant
Employess can be divided into two groups. Name them start learning		Cost employees and expense employees
Project costs start learning		costs booked directly to a billable client project
cost vs expanse in simple terms start learning		cost - related to selling and delivering
Types of cost (3) start learning		Cash costs, non-cash costs, Other costs
Cash costs start learning		Where IQVIA making a payments(e.g. payments). costs incurred and paid to suppliers and vendors
Non-Cash costs start learning		Allocations. accounting charges and labour assessments
Other costs start learning		residual cost after assessing project costs
Assesment start learning		Non-cach cost, booking a time on a project - PSA
Expense start learning		HR, Finance, Marketing, IT support, Office cost
Gross margin start learning		Revenue less all costs
EBITDA start learning		Revenue less all costs and expenses but before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation
Which is the key metric that is reported to the Board start learning		EBITDA

P&L

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