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Question		Answer
boffin start learning		a scientist or technical expert
pons start learning		a brainstem structure that relays signals between brain regions
occipital lobe start learning		the brain’s visual processing area
DNA bases start learning		the four chemical units of DNA: A, T, C, G
lurking variable start learning		a hidden factor that affects study results
germ cell start learning		a reproductive cell that forms eggs or sperm
atrocity start learning		an extremely cruel or violent act
husbandry start learning		the care and breeding of animals or crops
funnel start learning		a cone shaped tool for guiding liquids into a narrow opening
sparkled start learning		shone, glittered
miscegenation start learning		racial mixing (neutral academic synonym)
construct (noun) start learning		concept, framework
deleterious start learning		harmful, damaging
Genetic engineering start learning		altering an organism’s DNA
Enhancement start learning		improving a trait or function
Bioremediation start learning		using organisms to remove pollutants
Playing God start learning		controlling life unnaturally
Maize start learning		corn plant
Soybeans start learning		protein rich legume crop
Restriction enzymes start learning		enzymes cutting DNA at specific sites
Vector start learning		carrier delivering genetic material
Particle gun method start learning		shooting DNA coated particles into cells
Microinjection start learning		injecting DNA into a cell
Electroporation start learning		using electric pulses to open membranes
Asprosin start learning		hormone raising blood glucose
HPO axis start learning		hormonal system controlling reproduction
Hippocampus start learning		brain region for memory
Adipokines start learning		signals released by fat tissue
Olfactory receptor start learning		protein detecting smells
Furin start learning		enzyme activating other proteins
Secretion start learning		release of substances from cells
Marsupials start learning		mammals with pouches
Surrogate start learning		organism carrying another’s offspring
Reintroduction start learning		returning a species to its habitat
Welfare start learning		animal well being
Gene editing start learning		precise DNA modification
Endangered start learning		at risk of extinction
Apex predator start learning		top predator in ecosystem
Brink of extinction start learning		close to disappearing
Proliferation start learning		rapid growth or multiplication
Somatic cell start learning		non reproductive body cell
Egg cell start learning		female reproductive cell
Lacrimation start learning		tear production
Lacrimal glands start learning		glands producing tears
Orbit start learning		bony eye socket
Eyelid start learning		skin covering the eye
Reflective start learning		able to bounce back light
Secretion start learning		fluid released by tissues
Innervate start learning		to supply with nerves
Distress start learning		strong discomfort
Howl start learning		long loud cry
Forebrain start learning		front part of the brain
Bundles start learning		groups of nerve fibers
Nerve fibers start learning		signal carrying projections
Myelinated start learning		covered with myelin
Corpus callosum start learning		bridge between hemispheres
White matter start learning		myelinated brain tissue
Gray matter start learning		neuron cell body tissue
Cerebellum start learning		coordination center of the brain
Neuroplasticity start learning		brain’s ability to change
Hemisphere start learning		one half of the brain
Auditory cortex start learning		brain area processing sound
Zebra finch start learning		small songbird
Thermoneutral zone start learning		range needing no extra energy
Basal metabolic rate start learning		minimal energy use at rest
Thermal conductance start learning		rate of heat loss
Lower critical temperature start learning		point where heat production rises
Upper critical temperature start learning		point where cooling increases
Open‑flow respirometry start learning		measuring metabolism via airflow
Evaporative water loss start learning		water lost by evaporation
Physiological constraints start learning		limits of body function
Transponder start learning		electronic ID device
Insulation start learning		material reducing heat loss
Swim bladder start learning		gas organ for buoyancy
Plaques and tangles start learning		Alzheimer’s brain lesions
LPS start learning		bacterial cell wall toxin
IHC start learning		protein staining in tissues
WB start learning		protein detection on membrane
qPCR start learning		quantifying DNA amplification
Dilution start learning		reducing concentration
CFU start learning		count of viable colonies
Prosopagnosia start learning		inability to recognize faces
Angiogram start learning		imaging of blood vessels
Left hemisphere start learning		left half of the brain
Right hemisphere start learning		right half of the brain
Brushstrokes start learning		visible paint marks
Distortion start learning		warped or altered shape
Cognitive decline start learning		worsening mental abilities
Stroke start learning		brain damage from blocked or burst vessel

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