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Question English Answer English
Accuracy
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the degree to which information corresponds with facts.
Algorithm
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computational rules to solve problems.
Alternative
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other products and services consumer may choose.
AR
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is a technology that overlays computer-generated digital information, such as images, sounds, and text, onto the real world through devices like smartphones or smart glasses
Authority
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a key dimension of credibility referring to the author’s qualifications and institutional backing.
Alternative
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other products and services consumer may choose.
AR
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is a technology that overlays computer generated digital information, such as images, sounds, and text, onto the real world through devices like smartphones or smart glasses.
Bias
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the action of supporting or opposing a particular person or thing in an unfair way, because of allowing personal opinions to influence your judgment.
Big Data
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datasets too complex for traditional processing.
Chartjunk
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unnecessary decorative elements that do not convey information and distract from the content.
Cloud Computing
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delivers services via the internet
Clustering
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grouping similar objects (unsupervised learning).
Cognitive authority
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trust in an information source.
Cognitive capacity
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limited ability of the human mind to process information.
Cognitive load
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the amount of mental effort required to process information. Lower cognitive load improves comprehension.
Consumer behavior
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the processes individuals go through when selecting, purchasing, using, and evaluating of products or services.
Credibility of sources
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describes how trustworthy and competent a source of information is considered by an audience.
Data visualization
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graphical representation of numerical data to reveal patterns, trends, comparisons, and relationships.
Digital competence
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measurable knowledge and skills for using digital tools effectively.
Digital divide
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inequalities in access to devices, connectivity and digital literacy; the gap between those who have ready access to computers and the Internet, and those who do not.
Digital literacy
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he ability to understand and use information in multiple formats when presented via computers.
Digital Maturity and Cybersecurity
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digital maturity gauges readiness for transformation; cybersecurity protects systems from digital threats.
Digital Transformation Overview
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digital transformation integrates digital technologies into all organizational aspects to improve operations and services.
DIM
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Disaster Info Management.
Disinformation
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deliberately spread false information created with intend to manipulate; false information intentionally created and disseminated to deceive.
Ethics
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what is morally good and bad, right and wrong.
EWS
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– Early Warning System.
Fake news
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a media format involving inaccurate or fabricated news, often spread for persuasion or profit.
Filtering
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reducing information by excluding certain content.
GIS
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–Mapping for spatial analysis.
GLAM
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– acronym for galleries, libraries, archives, and museums.
Information behavior
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– all interactions with information.
Information Credibility
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defined as „perceived trustworthiness and expertise”. It involves the source, the message, and the context, and is related to (but distinct from) truth.
Information literacy
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– ability to find and evaluate information; ability to verify, assess and use information responsibly; the capability to detect misinformation by spending time examining sources, using multiple search queries, and cross checking independent data.
Information need
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– awareness of missing knowledge.
Information overload
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a state where information exceeds cognitive capacity.
Information retrieval
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system based finding of information.
Information seeking
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– active search for information.
Interoperability
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– System compatibility.
IoT
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(internet of things) connects devices for data exchange; AI simulates human intelligence for advanced decision making.
IP laws
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– laws that define ethical use of information.
Knowledge representation
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a structured way of expressing knowledge so it can be understood, reflected on, communicated, or used for reasoning. It is not the knowledge itself, but a tool that shapes thinking.
Malinformation
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true information twisted or removed from context to harm or manipulate.
Media literacy
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ability to understand media content and purpose.
Mental model
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an internal representation of how a system, idea, or process works. Visuals help build and refine mental models.
Metadata
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data that describes and organizes information.
Misinformation
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false or misleading information spread without intent to deceive.
Mixed Reality
exist and interact in real time.
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it involves the merging of the real world and virtual worlds to produce new environments and visualizations where physical and digital objects co
Need
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customer’s desire that results in purchasing a product or service.
News media ecosystem
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the environment in which news is created, shared, interpreted, and responded to by audiences.
Overfitting
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model performs well on training data but fails on new data.
Phishing
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most common scam, where an ill meaning person pretends to be a reputable one.
Predictive Analytics
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forecasting future outcomes based on historical data.
Robustness
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the quality of being strong, and healthy or unlikely to break or fail.
Scam
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a dishonest way to gain something from someone.
Sense making
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interpreting information to understand a situation.
Surface Level Evaluation
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the first step of credibility assessment, focused on design, layout, and first impressions.
Tailoring
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– adapting information to individual user needs to reduce information overload.
The CRAAP Test
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a framework for evaluating information sources based on five criteria: Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose.
Training/Test Data
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split used for learning vs validation.
Visual literacy
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the ability to interpret, analyze, create, and evaluate visual content.
Visual memory encoding
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the cognitive process by which visuals are perceived, labeled, and stored as combined visual + conceptual representations.

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