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5.10.2021
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5/10/2021
RODZAJE BUDYNKÓW
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TYPES OF BUILDINGS
• accomodation – zakwaterowanie
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• accomodation - accommodation
• apartment – mieszkanie
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• apartment - flat
• flat – mieszkanie
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• flat - flat
• apartment building/block – blok mieszkalny
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• apartment building / block - a block of flats
• block of flats – blok mieszkalny
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• block of flats - a block of flats
• building – budynek
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• building - building
• office building – biurowiec
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• office building - office building
• office block – biurowiec
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• office block - an office building
• basement flat – sutenera
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• basement flat - pimp
• bungalow – dom parterowy
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• bungalow - a one-story house
• cabin – chata
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• cabin - hut
• chalet – drewniana chatka w górach
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• chalet - a wooden cabin in the mountains
• condominium/condo – mieszkanie własnościowe w bloku
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• condominium / condo - an ownership flat in a block of flats
• cottage – domek/chatka
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• cottage - cottage / cottage
• country cottage – wiejski domek
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• country cottage - a country cottage
• thatched cottage – chata kryta strzechą
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• thatched cottage - thatched cottage
• farm house – domek na farmie
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• farm house - a house on the farm
• council flat – mieszkanie komunalne
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• council flat - council flat
• furnished flat – umeblowane mieszkanie
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• furnished flat - furnished apartment
• unfurnished flat – nieumeblowane mieszkanie
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• unfurnished flat - unfurnished flat
• highrise – wieżowiec
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• highrise - a skyscraper
• tower block – wieżowiec
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• tower block - a skyscraper
• house – dom
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• house - home
• detached house – dom wolnostojący (jednorodzinny)
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• detached house - a detached house (single-family)
• semi-detached house – bliźniak
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• semi-detached house - semi-detached house
• red-brick house – dom z czerwonej cegły
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• red-brick house - red brick house
• tenement house – kamienica czynszowa
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• tenement house - a tenement house
• terraced house – szeregówka
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• terraced house - terraced house
• housing estate – osiedle mieszkaniowe
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• housing estate - a housing estate
• housing development – osiedle mieszkaniowe
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• housing development - housing estate
• mansion – rezydencja
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• mansion - residence
• penthouse – luksusowy apartament na ostatnim piętrze
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• penthouse - luxurious apartment on the top floor
• property – nieruchomość
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• property - real estate
• shed – szopa/składzik
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• shed - shed / storeroom
• skyscraper – drapacz chmur
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• skyscraper - skyscraper
• studio flat – kawalerka
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• studio flat - studio
• studio apartment kawalerka
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• studio apartment studio
• villa – willa
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• villa - villa
CZĘŚCI BUDYNKÓW
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PARTS OF BUILDINGS
• balcony – balkon
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• balcony - balcony
• chimney – komin
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• chimney - chimney
• door –drzwi
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• door - door
• back door – tylne drzwi
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• back door - back door
• front door – drzwi frontowe
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• front door - the front door
• doorbell – dzwonek do drzwi
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• doorbell - the doorbell
• downstairs – na dole/na dół
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• downstairs - downstairs / downstairs
• upstairs – na górze/ na górę
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• upstairs - upstairs / upstairs
• staircase – klatka schodowa
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• staircase - staircase
• stairs – schody
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• stairs - stairs
• step – stopień
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• step - degree
• elevator – winda
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• elevator - elevator
• lift – winda
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• lift - elevator
• entrance – wejście
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• entrance - entrance
• entryphone – domofon
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• entryphone - intercom
• intercom – domofon
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• intercom - intercom
• escalator – ruchome schody
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• escalator - escalator
• exit – wyjście
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• exit - exit
• emergency exit – wyjście awaryjne
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• emergency exit - emergency exit
• extension – dobudówka
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• extension - extension
• fence – płot/ogrodzenie
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• fence - fence / fence
• floor – piętro
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• floor - first floor
• ground floor – parter
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• ground floor - ground floor
• first floor – parter
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• first floor - ground floor
• top floor – najwyższe piętro
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• top floor - the top floor
• foundation – fundament
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• foundation - foundation
• garage – garaż
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• garage - garage
• keyhole – dziurka od klucza
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• keyhole - keyhole
• landing – podest schodów/półpiętro
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• landing - stair landing / mezzanine
• pillar - filar/kolumna
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• pillar - pillar / column
• porch – ganek/weranda
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• porch - porch / porch
• post – słup
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• post - pole
• roller blind – roleta
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• roller blind - roller blind
• roof – dach
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• roof - roof
• roof tile – dachówka
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• roof tile - tile
• shutter – okiennica
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• shutter - shutter
• skylight – świetlik(okno)
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• skylight - skylight (window)
• storey – piętro
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• storey - first floor
• story – piętro
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• story - first floor
• terrace – taras
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• terrace - terrace
• tower – wieża
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• tower - tower
• venetian blinds – żaluzje
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• venetian blinds - blinds
• wall – ściana
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• wall - the wall
• window – okno
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• window - window
• French window – oszklone drzwi
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• French window - glazed door
• window frame - framuga/rama okienna
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• window frame - window frame / frame
• (window) pane – szyba
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• (window) pane - glass
• window shade – roleta
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• window shade - roller shutter
• windowsill –parapet
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• windowsill –sill
• wing – skrzydło(okienne)
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• wing - wing (window)
PLAC BUDOWY
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CONSTRUCTION SITE
• architect – architekt
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• architect - architect
• brick – cegła
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• brick - brick
• building – budowa
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• building - construction
• building complex- kompleks budynków
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• building complex - a complex of buildings
• building inspector – inspektor budowlany
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• building inspector - building inspector
• building materials – materiały budowane
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• building materials - built materials
• building permit –pozwolenie na budowe
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• building permit - building permit
• planning permition – pozwolenie na budowe
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• planning permition - building permit
• cement – cement
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• cement - cement
• cement mixer – betoniarka
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• cement mixer - concrete mixer
• concrete – beton
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• concrete - concrete
• construction – budowa
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• construction - construction
• under construction – w budowie
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• under construction - under construction
• crane – dźwig
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• crane - crane
• excavator – koparka
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• excavator - excavator
• steam shovel – koparka
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• steam shovel - excavator
• glass – szkło
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• glass - glass
• limestone – piaskowiec
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• limestone - sandstone
• plaster – tynk
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• plaster - plaster
• putty – kit
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• putty - putty
• scaffolding – rusztowanie
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• scaffolding - scaffolding
• steel – stal
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• steel - steel
• stainless steel – stal nierdzewna
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• stainless steel - stainless steel
• stone – kamień
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• stone - stone
• stonework – części kamienne
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• stonework - stone parts
• wood/timber- drewno
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• wood / timber - wood
• wooden – drewniany
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• wooden - wooden
• woodwork – stolarka
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• woodwork - woodwork
PRZYDATNE CZASOWNIKI
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USEFUL VERBS
• to be in ruins – być w ruinie
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• to be in ruins - to be in ruins
• to fall into ruin – popadać w ruinę
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• to fall into ruin - to fall into ruin
• to lie in ruins – być w ruinie
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• to lie in ruins - to be in ruins
• to brick up – zamurować
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• to brick up - to wall up
• to build/ to construct – budować
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• to build / to construct - to build
• to design – zaprojektować
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• it's design - to design
• to erect – wznosić
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• to erect - to raise
• to extend – rozbudować
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• to extend - extend
• to fence in – ogrodzić
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• to fence in - to fence in
• to lay the foundations – kłaść fundamenty
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• to lay the foundations - to lay the foundations
• to put down – zburzyć
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• to put down - to tear it down
• to put in a window – wstawić okno
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• to put in a window - insert a window
• to put up –postawić(zbudować)
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• to put up - to put (build)
• to rebuild – przebudować/odbudować
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• to rebuild - rebuild / rebuild
• to support – podpierać
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• to support - to support
• row – szereg
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• row - row
• twin- bliźniaczy
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• twin- twin
• suburbs – przedmieścia
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• suburbs - suburbs
• to suit the needs – odpowiadać potrzebom
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• to suit the needs - to meet the needs
• it is estimated – szacuje się
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• it is estimated - is estimated
• independence – niezależność
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• independence - independence
• dozen –tuzin
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• dozen - a dozen
• to lead - prowadzić
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• to lead - to lead
12.10.2021/19.10.2021
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October 12, 2021 / October 19, 2021
EGIPT
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EGYPT
• distinctive – charakterystyczny/szczególny
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• distinctive - characteristic / special
• instantly – natychmiast/momentalnie
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• instantly - instantly / immediately
• speculation - spekulacje
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• speculation - speculation
• origin – początek/pochodzenie
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• origin - beginning / origin
• storehouses – magazyny
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• storehouses - warehouses
• wisdom – mądrość
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• wisdom - wisdom
• road sign – znak drogowy
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• road sign - road sign
• alien – kosmita
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• alien - alien
• converted – odwrócony/przekształcony
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• converted - inverted / converted
• chambers – komnata
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• chambers - the chamber
• former – piewszy
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• former - first
• latter – drugi/ pod koniec czegoś
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• latter - second / near the end of something
• attributed – przypisany
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• attributed - assigned
• evidence –dowód
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• evidence - evidence
• entire – cały
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• entire - entire
• mud-brick – cegła gliniana
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• mud-brick - clay brick
• advance – osiągnięcie
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• advance - achievement
• era – era
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• era - era
• workforces – siła robocza
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• workforces - workforce
• workmen’s – robotnicy
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• workmen's - workers
• archeological monuments –zabytki archeologiczne
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• archeological monuments - archaeological monuments
• memorial – pomnik
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• memorial - a monument
• grain – ziarno
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• grain - grain
• apocalypse - apokalipsa
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• apocalypse - apocalypse
• tomb - grób
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• tomb - the grave
• deceased body – zwłoki
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• deceased body - corpse
• tools – narzędzia
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• tools - tools
• taxation – opodatkowanie/ podatki
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• taxation - taxation / taxes
• religious duty – z wyznaniowego obowiązku
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• religious duty - from a religious duty
• accountant - księgowy
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• accountant - accountant
• evolution – ewolucja
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• evolution - evolution
• famine – klęska głodu
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• famine - famine
• devised – wymyślony/opracowany
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• devised - invented / developed
• multitude – mnogość
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• multitude - multitude
• mundane – nudny
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• mundane - boring
• wicked – niegodziwy/zepsuty/figlarny
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• wicked - wicked / spoiled / playful
• traced – wyśledzić/wytropić
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• traced - to track / trace
• to foresee the future – przewidywanie przyszłości
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• to foresee the future - predicting the future
• speculative theories – teorie spekulatywne
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• speculative theories - speculative theories
• to capture attention – przykuwać uwagę
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• to capture attention - attract attention
• to bring an end to sth – przynieść koniec czemuś
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• to bring an end to sth - to bring an end to something
• to lead a sad life – prowadzić smutne życie
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• to lead a sad life - to lead a sad life
• beyond doubt – nie ulega wątpliwości/ niewątpliwie
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• beyond doubt - there is no doubt / undoubtedly
• under the master’s whip – pod batem mistrza/pana
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• under the master's whip - under the whip of the master / master
• skilled stone workers – wykwalifikowani kamieniarze
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• skilled stone workers - skilled stone workers
• a(n) significant event – istotne zdarzenie
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• a (n) significant event - a significant event
• to underestimate the ability – niedocenione umiejętności
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• to underestimate the ability - underestimated skills
• a(n) deceased body – zwłoki
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• a (n) deceased body - corpse
• widely agreed – szeroko uzgodnione
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• widely agreed
• appointed as architects – minowani architektami
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• appointed as architects - appointed architects
• a(n) archaeological monument – zabytek archeologiczny
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• a (n) archaeological monument - an archaeological monument
+ ZAD 4
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5 (STR 84)
+ZAD 6
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7 (STR 85)
+GRAMMAR CHECK 2-9 (STR 85)
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+ GRAMMAR CHECK 2-9 (STR 85)
26.10.2021
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October 26, 2021
SZTUKA
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ART
• tapestry – gobelin
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• tapestry - tapestry
• canvass – płótno
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• canvass - canvas
• urn – urna
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• urn - urn
• tomb – grobowiec
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• tomb - a tomb
• burial place – miejsce pochówku
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• burial place - a burial place
• facade – fasada
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• facade - facade
• arcaded court – dziedziniec arkadowy
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• arcaded court - arcaded courtyard
• fresco – fresk
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• fresco - fresco
• stucco -stiuk
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• stucco-stucco
• interior – wnętrze
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• interior - interior
• court painter – nadworny malarz
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• court painter - court painter
• chapel – kaplica
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• chapel - a chapel
• basilica – bazylika
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• basilica - basilica
• dome – kopuła
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• dome - dome
• altar – ołtarz
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• altar - altar
• chambers – komnata
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• chambers - the chamber
• vault – krypta
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• vault - crypt
• relief- płaskorzeżba
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• relief- bas-relief
• temple – świątynia
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• temple - temple
• pulpit – ambona
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• desktop - pulpit
• The World List of Cultural Heritage – Światowa Lista Dziedzictwa Kulturowego
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• The World List of Cultural Heritage - The World List of Cultural Heritage
• to erect the monument – wznieść pomnik
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• to erect the monument - to erect the monument
• to crave in relief – wykonać płaskorzeźbę
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• to crave in relief - make a bas-relief
• to commission the work – zlecić pracę
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• to commission the work - order work
• to depict – obrazować
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• to depict - to picture
• to ornament – ozdabiać
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• it's an ornament - to decorate
• to restore – odrestaurować
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• to restore - restore
• to demolish – zburzyć
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• to demolish - to tear it down
• to date back to 10th century – sięgać X wieku
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• to date back to 10th century - dating back to the 10th century
• to design – zaprojektować
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• it's design - to design
• to complete the construction ukończyć budowę
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• to complete the construction complete the construction
• three- aisled – trójnawowy
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• three-aisled - three-aisle
• picturesque – malowniczny
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• picturesque - picturesque
• monumental – monumentalny
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• monumental - monumental
• Gothic – gotycki
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• Gothic - Gothic
• Romanesque – romański
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• Romanesque - Romanesque
• medieval – średniowieczny
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• medieval - medieval
• Neo-Renaissance – neorenesansowy
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• Neo-Renaissance - neo-Renaissance
• Baroque – barokowy
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• Baroque - baroque
• classical – klasyczny
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• classical - classical
• contemporary – wspólczesny
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• contemporary - contemporary
• on the orders of the king - na zlecenie króla
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• on the orders of the king - commissioned by the king
• built in the years – zbudowany w latach
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• built in the years - built in
• the only surviving part – jedyna rzecz
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która przetrwała
• on the plan of the Latin cross – na planie krzyża łacińskiego
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• on the plan of the Latin cross - on the plan of the Latin cross
• under the supervision of the architecture – pod nadzorem architekta
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• under the supervision of the architecture - under the supervision of an architect
• on the site of – na miejscu czegoś
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• on the site of - on the site of something
• Droga Królewska – The Royal (Route) Way
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• The Royal (Route) Way
• Barbakan – Barbican
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• Barbican - Barbican
• Rynek Główny – Main Market Square
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• Main Market Square - Main Market Square
• Brama Floriańska – St. Florian’s Gate
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• Brama Floriańska - St. Florian's Gate
• Wzgórze Wawelskie – Wawel Hill
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• Wawel Hill - Wawel Hill
• Kościół Mariacki – St. Mary’s Church
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• St. Mary's Church - St. Mary's Church
• średniowieczne mury obronne – medieval defensive walls
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• medieval defensive walls - medieval defensive walls
• ratusz – town hall
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• town hall - town hall
• Kościół Świętych Piotra i Pawła – St. Peter and Paul Church (Church of the Holy Apostoles Peter and Paul)
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• Church of Saints Peter and Paul - St. Peter and Paul Church (Church of the Holy Apostoles Peter and Paul)
• Kopiec Kościuszki – Kościuszko Mound
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• Kościuszko Mound - Kościuszko Mound
2.11.2021
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2 November 2021
HISTORIA
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HISTORY
• a coat of arms – herb
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• a coat of arms - herb
• rolalty – rodzina królewska
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• rolalty - royal family
• coronation ceremony – koronacja
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• coronation ceremony - coronation
• civil war – wojna domowa
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• civil war - civil war
• armour – zbroja
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• armor - armor
• at the turn of the 12th and 13th century – na przełomie XII i XIII wieku
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• at the turn of the 12th and 13th century - at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries
• in the reign of – za panowania
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• in the reign of - reign
• inter war period – okres międzywojenny
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• inter war period - the interwar period
• uprising – powstanie
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• uprising - rising
• crusade – krucjata
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• crusade - crusade
• Union of Poland and Lithuania – unia polsko-litewska
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• Union of Poland and Lithuania - Polish-Lithuanian union
• Teutonic Knights – Krzyżacy
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• Teutonic Knights - Teutonic Knights
• the Piast dynasty – dynastia Piastów
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• the Piast dynasty - the Piast dynasty
• magnates – magnaci
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• magnates - magnates
• the noble estate (nobles) – szlachta
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• the noble estate (nobles) - nobility
• the Prussian Homage – Hołd Pruski
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• the Prussian Homage - The Prussian Homage
• guild – cech
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• guild - guild
• Polish kings of the Vasa dynasty – królowie z dynastii Wazów
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• Polish kings of the Vasa dynasty - kings of the Vasa dynasty
• treaty of Riga -traktat w Rydze
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• treaty of Riga - Riga treaty
• partition of Poland – rozbiór Polski
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• partition of Poland - partition of Poland
• Prussian sector of partitioned Poland – pruski zabór
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• Prussian sector of partitioned Poland - Prussian partition
• One Hundred Years’ War – wojna stuletnia
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• One Hundred Years 'War - the Hundred Years' War
• The Plantagent dynasty – dynastia Plantagentów
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• The Plantagent dynasty - the Plantagent dynasty
• William the Conquerer – Wilhelm Zdobywca
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• William the Conquerer - William the Conquerer
• battle of Hastings – bitwa pod Hasting
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• battle of Hastings - battle of Hasting
• John Lackland – Jan bez Ziemi
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• John Lackland - John without an Earth
• Richard he Lionheart – Ryszard Lwie Serce
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• Richard he Lionheart - Richard the Lionheart
• shire – hrabstwo
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• shire - county
• Pilgrims – pielgrzymi
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• Pilgrims - pilgrims
9.11.2021
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9/11/2021
• appeal to – apelować/przemówić do kogoś
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• appeal to - to appeal to someone
• overpopulation – przeludnienie
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• overpopulation - overpopulation
• fragile – kruchy/delikatny
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• fragile - brittle / delicate
• marks – oceniać
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• marks - evaluate
• subterranean – podziemny
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• subterranean - underground
• experienced – doświadczony
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• experienced - experienced
• depression – depresja
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• depression - depression
• mud-stone – skała okruchowa (mułowiec)
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• mud-stone - crumb rock (mud)
• submerged – zanurzony/ukryty
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• submerged - submerged / hidden
• forcing – zmuszać
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• forcing - to force
• short-term – krótkoterminowy
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• short-term - short-term
• hostility – wrogość
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• hostility - hostility
• rotating – obrotowy
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• rotating - rotary
• incarceration – uwięziony
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• incarceration - imprisoned
• shaft – szyb
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• shaft - shaft
• equate – być tożsamym/porównywać
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• equate - to be the same / compare
• dizzy – cierpiący zawroty głowy/oszłomiony
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• dizzy - suffering from dizziness / lightheadedness
• combat – walka
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• combat - combat
• cavern – jaskinia
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• cavern - a cave
• excavate – odkopywać/wykopywać
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• excavate - excavate / excavate
• imposed – narzucony/wymuszony
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• imposed - imposed / forced
• high speed railways – szybkie koleje
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• high speed railways - fast railways
• to disturb the countryside – niszczyć/zaburzać wiejski krajobraz
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• to disturb the countryside - destroy / disturb the rural landscape
• long-term gain – długoterminowy zysk
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• long-term gain - long-term profit
• low fuel bills – niskie rachunki za paliwo
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• low fuel bills - low fuel bills
• to raise a question – zadać pytanie
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• to raise a question - ask a question
• fragile environment – delikatne środowisko
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• fragile environment - a delicate environment
• the population expands – powiększenie populacji
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• the population expands - increasing the population
• financial impact – wpływ finansowy
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• financial impact - financial impact
• above ground – nad ziemią
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• above ground - above the ground
• regulations have to be imposed – wprowadzone zmiany
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• regulations have to be imposed - changes made
• a study carried out by – badanie przeprowadzone przez
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• a study carried out by - a study carried out by
• to mark the position – zaznaczenie pozycji
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• to mark the position - to mark the position
+ZAD 2
5 (STR 144)
start learning
3
+ZAD 6 (STR 145)
start learning
+ TASK 6 (STR 145)
+GRAMMAR CHECK 1-10 (STR 145)
start learning
+ GRAMMAR CHECK 1-10 (STR 145)
16.11.2021
start learning
11/16/2021
• expenses/costs – wydadki
start learning
• expenses / costs - wypadki
• almost/virtually– prawie
start learning
• almost / virtually– almost
• gigantic/massive – gigantyczny
start learning
• gigantic / massive - gigantic
• more than enough/ample – więcej niż trzeba
start learning
• more than enough / ample - more than enough
• residents/inhabitants– mieszkańcy
start learning
• residents - residents
• unhurriedly/ leisurely– bez pośpiechu/powolny
start learning
• unhurriedly / leisurely– unhurriedly / slow
• calculate approximately/estimate – obliczyć w przybliżeniu/szacować
start learning
• calculate approximately / estimate - approximately calculate / estimate
• practices/methods- praktyki
start learning
• practices / methods- practices

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