→ Gramatyka Opisowa 1,2,3 → Start Learning / Download MP3 Flashcards

Question		Answer
parts of speech start learning		lexical categories
name of thing, animal, person, idea start learning		noun
action, state, phenomena, event process start learning		verb
modifies verb, adjective, other adverb start learning		adverb
modifies noun, like what start learning		adjective
cat start learning		noun
green start learning		adjective
run start learning		verb
drive SLOWLY start learning		adverb
QUITE beautiful start learning		adverb
VERY early start learning		adverb
replaces noun start learning		pronoun
 Przyimki, indicate relations in time, space, or grammatical functions start learning		preposition
 To, from, during, of, with, in front of, under start learning		preposition
join words or phrases start learning		conjunction
point at object, express references type start learning		determiner
replaces whole sentances (no) start learning		particle
approach to grammar rule driven start learning		prescriptive approach
approach to grammar, data driven, observe native speakers start learning		dercriptive approach
the actual belief or mental representation of a situation not necessarily verbalized  think to yourself without speaking to others  cognitive unit, psychological, conceptual, mental representation start learning		deep structure
 the linguistic expression of a belief or mental representation  thoughts to sentence, syntactic start learning		surface structure
(aspect) general state of affairs start learning		simple (aspect)
(aspect) action in progress start learning		progressive, continuous (aspect)
(aspect) expresses relativeness of the past to the present, teraźniejszy dokonany start learning		perfect (aspect)
Provides information, shares information (mood) start learning		declarative (mood)
requests information (mood) start learning		interrogative (mood)
requests action, information (mood) start learning		imperative (mood) (imperator rozkazuje)
How many cases in english? start learning		2, nominative and genetive
she, Susan, my sister, the girl in the picture start learning		noun phrase
has done, should have done, will do it, work, is start learning		verb phrase
big, very big, very big indeed (modifies noun phrase) start learning		adjective phrase
slowly, over there, right now (modifies very phrase) start learning		adverb phrase
at the bar (preposition + noun phrase) start learning		prepositional phrase
 A phrase which provides you with additional, optional information about the event described by the verb phrase start learning		adjunct
component of verb phrase, and it begins with a verb and ends with a verb start learning		verb group
is adjunct grammatically required? start learning		no
orzeczenie start learning		predicate
limited in quantity start learning		finate
doesn't contain tense start learning		non-finate
how word changes shape bc of grammar start learning		inflection
individual sound, smallest component of language start learning		phoneme
can a phoneme be a word or morpheme? start learning		yes (a)
 Meaningless phonemes are combined into meaningful morphemes start learning		true
smallest MEANINGFUL component of language start learning		morpheme
 Entry in dictionary that has independent meaning or syntactic function start learning		word
meaning of a word, semantic content of the word start learning		denotation
can a verb group be verb phrase? start learning		yes (have been sleeping)
noun phrase without determina start learning		nominal group
simple sentance (NP+VP) start learning		clause
bigger clause of 2+ clauses start learning		complex sentance
verb is a member of an open class of verbs that includes all verbs except auxiliary verbs start learning		lexical verb
describes verb (content word) start learning		common adverb
verbs like should, can, could, might, will etc start learning		modal verb
type of verb that takes a supportive role in a sentence, second to the main verb (be, have, done) start learning		auxilary verb
describes adjectives, adverbs (very, quite, so) start learning		degree adverb
words such as the, my, this, some, twenty, each, any, which are used before nouns start learning		determiner
substitute a person's name. They can also substitute any third-person noun in a sentence. start learning		personal pronoun
show that a noun owns or possesses something. start learning		possesive pronoun
come before a noun to modify it, just like an adjective. start learning		possesive determina
who, whom, which, what, whose, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever start learning		interrogative pronoun
representtion of a class of objects start learning		generic reference
two of more heads (husband and wife) start learning		coordinate phrase
strawberry start learning		polymorphemic word
wise- people, very-nice, very- slowly start learning		modifier+head
phoneme articulated in the vocal tract by creating obstruction to the air stream. start learning		consonant
phoneme articulated without obstruction to the air stream in the vocal tract. (Air travels freely) start learning		vowel
two kinds of phonemes? start learning		vowel, consonant
what is necessary for a syllable? start learning		a vowel
f, v start learning		labio-dental
p, b, m, ł start learning		bilabial
Ɵð start learning		dental
t, d, s, z, l,n start learning		alveolar
ś,ź, tś, dż start learning		alveo-palatal
j start learning		palatal
k, g, ng start learning		velar
h start learning		glottal
• P, b, t, d, k, g (short sound) start learning		plosive
ts, dz (short sound) start learning		affricate
• F, v, Ɵ, s, z, ś, ź, h (can prolong articulation) start learning		fricative
m, n, ng start learning		nasal
o Each consonant is described in terms of 3 features start learning		 Place of articulation  Manner of articulation  Voiced/voiceless
vowel+vowel, vowel+semi-vowel start learning		diphtong
o Different articulatory version of a phoneme; the change is not meaningfully distinct start learning		allophone
o The articulatory properties of a phoneme are affected by the articulatory properties of a neighbouring phoneme; in other words, a sound e.g., affects the preceding sound start learning		assimilation
o Friendship (d disappears) o We must talk (t disappears) start learning		elision
o Two words with ONE different phoneme (pin bin, tin sin, bed bid) start learning		minimal pairs
meaningless sounds can be combined into meaningful morphemes and words start learning		duality

gramatyka opisowa 1,2,3

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