→ Contract Law → Start Learning / Download MP3 Flashcards

Question		Answer
offer means start learning		a proposal, the terms of which are certain
acceptance (zgoda) means start learning		an unconditional agreement to what is proposed by the other party
offeror (robi ofertę) means start learning		A person who makes an offer
offeree (odbiera ofertę) means start learning		A person who receives an offer
precedent (precedens) means start learning		A decision of a judge in an earlier case that other judges must follow if the circumstances of the situations are the same or similar
case (proces, argument) means start learning		A set of arguments in a situation that might become legal or is already legal in nature
contract means start learning		A legal agreement made between two or more parties
obliged (zobowiązany) means start learning		that you must do something. It is necessary to do it
unconditional - bezwarunkowy start learning		absolute, without any doubts or suggestions of change
no good - nieodpowiednie start learning		an informal way of saying not suitable or not acceptable
parties - strony start learning		the people who have entered into a contract or the people involved in a dispute
acceptance of an offer cannot be made start learning		by silence
precedent comes from what is called the start learning		common law
the common law covers both start learning		criminal and civil court decisions
the common law is start learning		one of the main sources of law in England and the USA
recorded start learning		judge's decisions written down
binding (wiążący, obowiązujący) start learning		A statement of law can become binding upon later judges and can become the law for everyone to follow
sąd pierwszej instancji start learning		courts of first instance
the pronouncement must form what is called the ratio decidendi (wiążąca cześć wyroku sądowego) start learning		the reasoning behind the decision. This is the part of the judge's words that provides the legal reasoning for his or her decision
obiter dictum (nie tak ważne do wyroku, niewiążąca opinia) start learning		everything else the judge says. Is something that is not really necessary for the legal basis for the decision. Only the ratio decidendi is binding
distinguishable (odróżnialny od) means start learning		that the case is so different that the precedent does not apply in this particular situation
A source of law start learning		A place where law comes from, for example, a civil code
A body of laws start learning		A collection of law. All of them together
A pronouncement start learning		an old-fashioned word meaning a judge's word at the end of a case giving his or her decision
A principle of law (zasada prawa) start learning		an accepted idea that forms part of the law
A factor (czynnik) start learning		something that is important to consider when making a decision
relevant (istotny) start learning		of significance or importance to a particular situation
account (projekt ustawy, faktura) start learning		when the word is used in this way it means a bill or an invoice that someone must pay
4 elements of an English contract are from the common law start learning		~offer ~acceptance ~consideration ~intention
przedawnienie, wygasła start learning		lapsed
kontr oferta start learning		counter offer
odrzucona start learning		rejected
odwołana start learning		revoked
świadczenie start learning		consideration
zaniechanie start learning		forbearance
obustronne start learning		reciprocal
consideration is start learning		what one party promises to give to, or promises to do for, the other party. Both parties need to provide consideration to make a contract valid
consideration is usually one of the following things: start learning		~a promise to do something ~a promise not to do something in the future (sometimes called forbearance) ~goods ~services ~money
consideration is positive in nature start learning		you gain a benefit
consideration is negative in nature start learning		party suffer a detriment
uszczerbek start learning		detriment
zamierzać start learning		intend
stosunek, współczynnik, wskaźnik start learning		ratio
statute (statut, ustawa) start learning		a law made by Parliament
judges make the common law but start learning		Parliament creates statutes
The House of Commons start learning		this is the most powerful of Parliament's two chambers. These chambers are usually known as Houses, members are elected when the whole country votes in a general election. These members of the House are called MPs. A statue begins in this House
The House of Lords start learning		This is Parliament's second chamber. It's main function is to check new laws, which were proposed in the House of Commons. Members are appointed
The Monarchy start learning		Head of State. giving a Royal Assent. The last monarch to reject a proposed statute was Queen Anne, who died in 1715
There are three words for the law made by Parliament start learning		~Statute (statutory law) ~Acts of Parliament ~Legislation (collective word for all the laws Parliament creates)
A transaction start learning		is a piece of business, such as buying or selling something
to cover something start learning		is to deal with, or include something
A restriction (ograniczenie) start learning		is a limit that is put on something
if you have liability (odpowiedzialność prawna) for something start learning		it means that you have legal responsibility for it
the terms of a contract start learning		are it's contents. It means the conditions and duties that you agree to perform when you enter into the contact
to place a restriction upon someone start learning		is to put limits upon what they are allowed to do
terms start learning		all of the duties and conditions contained in a contract ~words and expression
term start learning		A single duty or condition contained in a contract, it is sometimes called provision ~the duration of a contract
third party start learning		someone who is not one of the two main parties involved in a contract or a particular situation
jurisdiction (sądowa ochrona praw prywatnych) start learning		legal power over a geographical area or people
condition (warunek) start learning		something that you have to do in order for something else to happen
entire (cały) start learning		complete or whole
disclose (ujawniać) start learning		tell
sprzeczne start learning		contrary to (against)
przestrzegać start learning		comply with
nieważny start learning		void (empty)
wykonalne start learning		enforceable
zdolność do zawierania umów start learning		capacity to contract
when a person signs a contract they must be: start learning		~old enough to consent (zgoda) say yes to it ~not mentally ill ~not drunk or using drugs
dobrowolnie start learning		voluntarily
pod presją start learning		under duress (pressure)
A contract may be: start learning		~written ~oral (spoken) ~in the form of a deed
akt prawny, notarialny start learning		A deed is sometimes called a contract under seal
dotacja start learning		donation
suma start learning		sum
discharged start learning		when a contract comes to an end we say that the contract is discharged
złamać contract start learning		breach
claimant start learning		the injured party
defendant start learning		the party in breach
claimant (powód) start learning		it is the person who starts the legal action
defendant (pozwany) start learning		is is the person who the claimant is making a claim against
sue mean start learning		to start an action against someone in the civil court
defective (wadliwy) start learning		it means faulty - not working correctly
direct loss (bezpośrednia strata) start learning		it is something that you suffer as a direct result of the breach of contract
consequential loss (pośrednia, wynikowa strata) start learning		it is something that you suffer as an indirect result of the breach of contract

contract law

You must sign in to write a comment

More