Chapter 5: Depressive Disorders

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Question English Answer English
disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
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a relatively new diagnosis to the DSM that is included to capture children with frequent temper tantrums and irritability and to prevent the overdiagnosis of other closely related disorders such as bipolar disorder or oppositional defiant disorder
major depressive disorder
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disorder that usually includes a dampening or lowering of mood lasting for more than a day or two, without a bounce back
anhedonia
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an inability to experience pleasure or recall previously pleasurable experiences
vegetative features
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the presence of physical changes seen in the depressive disorders
insomnia
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insomnia in English
an inability to sleep
hypersomnia
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term that characterizes when one sleeps for an excessively long time
nihilism
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term used to characterize a viewpoint that traditional values or beliefs are unfounded and that existence is senseless or useless
suicidal ideation
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thoughts about killing oneself
persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
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disorder characterized by a depressed mooed that occurs for most of the day, for more days than not, for at least two years (one year for children and adolescents)
somatic
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term used to refer to physical symptoms
dysphoria
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a state of feeling unhappy or unwell
affective liability
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mood swings
cerebrovascular accident
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the sudden death of some brain due to a lack of oxygen when blood flow to the brain is impaired by a blocked vein or artery; a stroke
euphoric
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intense feelings of joy or elation
selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
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the class of drugs that work by selectively blocking the presynaptic reuptake of serotonin in the brain
mixed reuptake inhibitors
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a class of newer antidepressant medications that work by blocking reuptake of norepinephrine
MAO inhibitors
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a class of antidepressant medications that work by blocking the enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and serotonin
tricyclic antidepressants
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a class of antidepressant medications that seem to block the reuptake of certain neurotransmitters, allowing them to collect in the synapse and desensitize or down-regulate the transmission of the particular transmitters
St. John's wort (hypericum)
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a natural herbal extract taken for depression
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
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a treatment procedure where an electric shock is administered directly through the brain for a very brief period of time, producing a seizure and a series of brief convulsions, used for major depressive disorder

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