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period on Earth before life existed
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conditions on pre-biotic Earth start learning
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very little oxygen, lots of methane, increased carbon dioxide, hight temeratures, lots of lighting, no UV from atmosphere
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for what conditions of pre-biotic Earth were good? start learning
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for spontaneous reactions, which after creating living things changed the conditions so they cannot occur anymore
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using energy to maintain highly-ordered state. Living organisms can pass that ability to offsprings
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evidence for cells living start learning
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each cell uses energy to maintain order, some stop doing this and die, cells produce cells, they can live outside of the body smaller cells components cannot do this
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things that mush have happend to for a living cell start learning
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catalysis/control over reactions, self assembly of polymers, compartmentalisation/membrane formation, self-replicating molecules
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structures surrounded by membranes
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they have hydrophilic(head) and hydrophobic(tails) parts, they spontaneoulsy form vesicles due to that hydro... properties, helped form compartmentalised regions that were only partially permeable (selective about what enters or exit the cell)
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store information, self-replicating, can act as a catalyst(no need for enzymes), mutates at higher rate
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last universal common ancestor
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universal genetic code, ribosome structure, enzymes that synthesis DNA and RNA
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all non-extinct species evolved... start learning
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from a single common ancestor even tho it is likely that life evolved sperately several times
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what suggest life from the past start learning
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carbon dating (4.1b) relationship between genome differences and the amount of time that has passed between common ancestor (4.5b)
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made of similar structure but different funtions (the biggest egg, smallest sperm)
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organism which have many cells
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organism that has only one cell
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all living organisms are made up of one or more cells, cells are the smallest unit of life, all cells come from pre-existing cells
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what are funtions of life that sth can be considered as living? start learning
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Homeostasis, Metabolism, Response, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition
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he put the sterilized chicken soup to some closed space, he boiled it and gove it time but nothing happend, than he boiled it again and opened the space so bacteria from the air could get in, after that sth started growing
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he believed that at the beging there was only sea water, gases and lighting, he made water vapour is combined with gases and lighting producing „primodial soup” he found there amino acids (and maybe hydrocarbons), inorganic things tgh made sth organic
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membranes must have been formed to enclose molecules
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molecules that can replicate must have exised in order to inhertitance to occur
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assembly of smaller organic molecules into larger ones must have been posibble. Forming polymers
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