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 0    96 flashcards    annachal
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Question English Answer English
acknowledge
The family acknowledge the need for change.
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to admit or accept that something is true or that a situation exists
jedno słowo na a
advocate
Extremists were openly advocating violence.
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to publicly support a particular way of doing something
na a
alleviate
a new medicine to alleviate the symptoms of flu
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to make something less painful or difficult to deal with
availability
the availability of affordable housing
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something that is (...) is able to be used or can easily be bought or found
rzeczownik od wyciętego słowa
be prone to
We live near a river and our house is prone to flooding.
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likely to do something or suffer from something, especially something bad or harmful
z przymiotnikiem na p
beneficial
a drug that has a beneficial effect on the immune system
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having a good effect
korzystny
biometric
biometric data
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relating to technology that can be used to measure things such as people’s eyes or fingerprints. These measurements can be kept on computer and then used to check someone’s identity, for example when they show a passport at an airport
przymiotnik
bitterly
He complained bitterly about his exam grades.
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in a way that produces or shows feelings of great sadness or anger
gorzko
body scan
The last time I went through security at an airport, I had to have a body scan.
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a scan with a special machine that produces a picture of something outside your body, for security purposes
bound to be
You're bound to feel a bit lonely when your sister goes to university.
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to be very likely to do or feel a particular thing
na b
breed
Spaniels are my favourite breed of dog.
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a type of animal that is kept as a pet or on a farm
rasa
build-up
a heavy build-up of traffic on the motorway
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an increase over a period of time
CCTV camera
I don't mind CCTVs cameras -- the only people who should worry about them are criminals.
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security cameras that help police find criminals
contemplate
He had even contemplated suicide.
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to think about something that you might do in the future
na c
corresponding
The war and the corresponding fall in trade have had a devastating effect on the country.
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caused by or connected with something you have already mentioned
crucial
This aid money is crucial to the government’s economic policies.
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something that is (...) is extremely important, because everything else depends on it
dependent
Norway’s economy is heavily dependent on natural resources.
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needing someone or something in order to exist, be successful, be healthy etc
przymiotnik
derivative
Heroin is a derivative of morphine.
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something that has developed or been produced from something else
detrimental
Smoking is detrimental to your health.
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causing harm or damage
przymiotnik na d
dire
warnings of dire consequences that often don’t come true
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extremely serious or terrible
no. konsekwencje
disoriented
When he emerged into the street, he was completely disoriented.
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confused and not understanding what is happening around you
na d
dispose
I dispose of all my glass at a recycling bank.
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to get rid of something, especially something that is difficult to get rid of
dispute
The main facts of the book have never been disputed.
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to say that something such as a fact or idea is not correct or true
diversity
The curriculum will take account of the ethnic diversity of the population.
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the fact of including many different types of people or things
różnorodność
dual
The bridge has a dual role, carrying both road and rail.
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having two of something or two parts
przymiotnik na d
dusk
The street lights go on at dusk.
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the time before it gets dark when the sky is becoming less bright
equate
Most people equate wealth with success.
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to consider that two things are similar or connected
equivalent
The word has no equivalent in English.
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something that has the same value, purpose, job etc as something else
na e
excess
Cut any excess fat from the meat.
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additional and not needed because there is already enough of something
fall for
The criminal tricked me out of my money -- I can't believe I fell for it!
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to be tricked into believing something that is not true
phrasal na f
famine
the great potato famine in Ireland
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a situation in which a large number of people have little or no food for a long time and many people die
feline
She moves with feline grace.
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relating to cats or other members of the cat family, such as lions
fencing
The lord put fencing all around his land to keep trespassers out.
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fences or the pieces of wood, metal etc used to make them
ferret through
I can't find the invitation; could you ferret through that pile of paper while I look upstairs?
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to search for something that is lost or hidden among a lot of things or inside a drawer, box etc
fire off
I was so angry I fired off an email to my boss. The next day I regretted it.
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send quickly and without much thought
further afield
If you want something unusual, you should look further afield rather than in just the local shops.
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further away
genetically- modified
Consumers are turning their backs on genetically-modified ingredients, and demanding organic products.
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(...) foods and plants have had their GENETIC (=the materials that control the development of particular qualities) structure changed so that they are not affected by certain diseases or harmful insects
give rise to
The flooding gave rise to a lot of damage in homes.
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to be the reason why something happens, especially something bad or unpleasant
zwrot, czynność
hacker
A hacker had managed to get into the system.
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someone who secretly uses or changes the information in other people’s computer systems
hardened
Dan is a hardened smoker -- I think he'll find it very difficult to give up now.
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a criminal, police officer etc who has had a lot of experience of things that are shocking and is therefore less affected by them
przymiotnik
hog
How much longer are you going to hog the bathroom?
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to keep, use, or have all of something that should be shared
hold hostage
The workers were kidnapped and held hostage in a secret location for 10 days.
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keep someone as a prisoner so that the other side will do what the enemy demands
hush something up
The whole affair was hushed up by the government.
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to prevent people from knowing about something dishonest or immoral
imminent
He was in imminent danger of dying.
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an event that is (...), especially an unpleasant one, will happen very soon
immune system
My immune system is not as strong as it ought to be.
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the system by which your body protects itself against disease
impact
We need to assess the impact on climate change.
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the effect or influence that an event, situation etc has on someone or something
implication
What are the implications of these proposals?
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a possible future effect or result of an action, event, decision etc
na i
in perspective
You might not have got an A grade, but you need to get things into perspective -- you can still go to university.
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judge the importance of something correctly
inevitable
A further escalation of the crisis now seems inevitable.
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certain to happen and impossible to avoid
infect
People with the virus may feel perfectly well, but they can still infect others.
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to give someone a disease
instantaneous
modern methods of instantaneous communication
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happening immediately
od instant
instil
A manager’s job is to instil determination into his players.
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to teach someone to think, behave, or feel in a particular way over a period of time
intimidating
Some people find interview situations very intimidating.
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making you feel worried and not confident
knock-on effect
We have had no rain for six months and the knock-on effect is that many plants have died.
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to start a process in which everything that happens causes something else to happen
landfill
There is no room left in my town for landfill.
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the practice of burying waste under the ground, or the waste buried in this way
mammal
Humans are mammals, just like chimpanzees and dogs.
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a type of animal that drinks milk from its mother’s body when it is young. Humans, dogs, and whales are (...).
mugger
A mugger took my mum's phone from her when she was walking home last night.
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someone who attacks people in a public place and robs them
neuter
a neutered tomcat
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to remove part of the sex organs of an animal so that it cannot produce babies
oblivious
He seemed oblivious to the fact that he had hurt her.
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not knowing about or not noticing something that is happening around you
jedno słowo, przymiotnik
offspring
a young mother trying to control her offspring
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someone’s child or children – often used humorously
be on your guard
These men are dangerous so you’ll need to be on your guard.
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to be paying attention to what is happening in order to avoid danger, being tricked etc
one step ahead
You've already made cakes for the party? You're always one step ahead!
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already doing what needs to be done
onlooker
A crowd of onlookers had gathered at the scene of the accident.
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someone who watches something happening without being involved in it
rzeczownik określający osobę
opportunistic
opportunistic thefts from cars
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someone who uses every opportunity to gain power, money, or unfair advantages – used to show disapproval
outsmart
The older kids outsmart the young ones when trading cards.
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to gain an advantage over someone using tricks or your intelligence
ozone layer
the hole in the ozone layer
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a layer of gases in the sky that prevents harmful radiation from the sun from reaching the Earth
pest
a chemical used in pest control
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a small animal or insect that destroys crops or food supplies
szkodnik
pesticide
Pesticides are useful for farmers because they increase the size of the harvest.
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a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops
phenomenon
the growing phenomenon of telecommuting
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something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand
phone tap
Governments sometimes put a phone tap on people who they believe are criminals.
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an act of secretly listening to someone's telephone, using electronic equipment
pick up
I find it very difficult to pick up languages, it takes me lots of practice.
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to learn something by watching or listening to other people
phrasal
pollinate
flowers pollinated by bees
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to give a flower or plant pollen so that it can produce seeds
predator
The shark is the most powerful predator in the sea.
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an animal that kills and eats other animals
premium
I only buy premium cheese, I don't like the taste of the cheap products.
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of very high quality
jedno słowo
privacy
With seven people squashed in one house, you don’t get much privacy.
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the state of being able to be alone, and not seen or heard by other people
prywatność
repetitive
repetitive tasks like washing and ironing
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done many times in the same way, and boring
powtarzalny
scenario
Imagine a scenario where only 20% of people have a job.
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a situation that could possibly happen
na s
sharp-witted
I've never been sharp-witted, so busy cities with lots of people frighten me a bit.
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able to think and react very quickly
przymiotnik z hyphenem
sheer
The sheer size of the country makes communications difficult.
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used to emphasize that something is very heavy, large etc
sinner
When I asked for a plastic bag she looked as me as though I were a sinner.
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someone who has sinned by not obeying God’s laws
source
They get their money from various sources.
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a thing, place, activity etc that you get something from
spark off
The hot weather sparked off some dramatic thunderstorms.
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to be the cause of something, especially trouble or violence
phrasal
spirited
a spirited and energetic girl
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having energy and determination – used to show approval
na s
spray
She sprayed herself with perfume.
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to force liquid out of a container so that it comes out in a stream of very small drops and covers an area
stalk
a tiger stalking its prey
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to follow a person or animal quietly in order to catch and attack or kill them
surplus to requirements
This paper is surplus to requirements so I'm going to recycle it.
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an amount of something that is more than what is needed
nie z excessive
swipe card
This swipe card gives me access to my office.
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a special plastic card that you slide through a machine in order to get into a building or open a door
thin on the ground
Supporters of the politician are thin on the ground -- no more than a handful.
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if a particular type of person or thing is (...), there are very few available
zwrot z ziemią
threat
The team we're playing this weekend is a bit of a threat, but I'm sure we can beat them.
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someone or something that is regarded as a possible danger
zagrożenie, jak w security
thrive
plants that thrive in tropical rain forests
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to become very successful or very strong and healthy
unforgivable
I really find it unforgiveable that my best friend stole my boyfriend.
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an (...) action is so bad or cruel that you cannot forgive the person who did it
unsettle
The sudden changes unsettled Judy.
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to make someone feel slightly nervous, worried, or upset
unspoilt
This stretch of coastline is really natural and unspoilt.
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an (...) place is beautiful because it has not changed for a long time and does not have a lot of new buildings
virtually
Virtually all the children come to school by bus.
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almost
na v
wipe out
Whole villages were wiped out by the floods.
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to destroy, remove, or get rid of something completely
wipe out
Whole villages were wiped out by the floods.
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to destroy, remove, or get rid of something completely

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