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Question English Answer English
rapier
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a thin, sharp-pointed sword used for thrusting
chamber
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a room, especially a bedroom or a private room
fowling
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hunting birds
undertaker
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a person whose job is to prepare dead bodies for burial or cremation
mane
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long, thick hair growing from the neck of a horse or lion (or a person’s thick hair)
scale
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a device for weighing; also, one of many small, thin plates covering a fish or reptile
graze
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to touch lightly in passing; to scrape the skin; or to feed on grass (animals)
flirtatious
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behaving in a playful way to attract attention or affection
to nut sb
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to headbutt someone (British slang)
come on
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to flirt or make sexual advances; also used to mean “hurry up” or show disbelief
overall
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including everything; general or total
conviction
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a strong belief or opinion; or a formal declaration that someone is guilty of a crime
admit
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to confess or acknowledge something as true
procrastinate
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to delay or postpone doing something
erudite
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showing great knowledge or learning
pilfer
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to steal small items, often repeatedly
dawdle
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to waste time; to move slowly
incarcerated
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imprisoned or confined
irascible
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easily angered or irritated
amphibious
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able to live or operate both on land and in water
amble
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to walk slowly or leisurely
peckish
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slightly hungry (British informal)
ephemeral
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lasting for a very short time
epitaph
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a phrase or statement written on a gravestone
moribund
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near death or no longer active or effective
loquacious
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very talkative
tariff
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a tax on imported or exported goods
bicentenary
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the 200th anniversary of an event
palindrome
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a word or phrase that reads the same forwards and backwards (e.g., “madam”)
catcall
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a loud, rude whistle or comment, usually towards someone attractive
carnation
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a type of flower, often pink or white
midge
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a small flying insect, like a gnat
endive
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a leafy green vegetable, often used in salads
bow
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to bend forward as a sign of respect; also, a curved weapon for shooting arrows
taut
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stretched tight; tense
whine
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to complain in a high-pitched, annoying voice
berth
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a bed on a ship or train; or a space to dock a ship
thyme
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an aromatic herb used in cooking
tow
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to pull something (like a car or trailer) using a rope or chain
stile
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a set of steps for climbing over a fence or wall
urn
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a container, often decorative, used for holding the ashes of a cremated person or for serving drinks
heel
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the back part of the foot; also can mean to follow closely (like a dog)
paw
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the foot of an animal such as a dog or cat
grate
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a metal frame or cover, or to shred food into small pieces (like cheese); also, to irritate
pail
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a small bucket
wring
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to twist something to force out liquid; also, to wring someone’s hands means to show worry
ewe
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a female sheep
yew
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a type of evergreen tree with red berries, often found in churchyards
haul
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to pull or drag something with effort; also means a large amount of something stolen or collected
conceit
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excessive pride in oneself; also, an elaborate or clever metaphor in literature
perpetually
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continuously or endlessly
put up with
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to tolerate or accept something unpleasant
complementary
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combining well together; opposite but matching
throng
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a large, densely packed crowd
tut
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an expression of disapproval or annoyance (sound made with the tongue)
prattle
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to talk foolishly or at length about nothing important
clatter
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a loud, rattling sound
slick
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smooth and shiny; also, clever and persuasive (sometimes negatively)
clamour
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a loud and confused noise, especially of people shouting
gawky
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awkward and clumsy in movement or appearance
bellowed
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shouted loudly, usually in anger or pain
marooned
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left trapped and alone, especially on an island
floes
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large sheets of floating ice
din
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a loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise
lugubrious
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very sad, gloomy, or mournful
enthralled
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fascinated; completely captivated
be riveted
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to be so interested that you can’t look away
relish
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to enjoy or take great pleasure in something
in the throes of something
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in the middle of a difficult or intense situation
subsume
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to include something as part of a larger group
sheer
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complete or absolute (e.g., sheer luck); also means very steep or thin (like fabric)
free-fall
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a rapid and uncontrolled fall or decline
slanging match
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a loud, angry exchange of insults
tiff
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a small argument, usually between people who know each other well
make a mountain out of a molehill
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to exaggerate a small problem
rumination
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deep or lengthy thinking about something
prone to
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likely to do or suffer from something
liable to
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legally responsible for; also means likely to experience something (similar to “prone to”)
wind someone up
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to tease or annoy someone, especially to provoke a reaction
leave no stone unturned
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to search or try everything possible
don’t beat about the bush
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get to the point; avoid avoiding the main topic
pride comes before the fall
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being too proud often leads to failure or downfall
once upon a time
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a phrase used to begin fairy tales or old stories
don’t hide your light under the bushel
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don’t keep your talents or achievements hidden
many a true word is said in jest
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jokes often contain some truth
keep your eye on the ball
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stay focused and alert
interdependency
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mutual reliance between people or things
detrimental
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harmful or damaging
clutch of
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a small group of people or things (often of similar kind)
matriarch
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a woman who is the head of a family or group
inkling
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a slight idea or suspicion
descendant
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someone related to a person from a previous generation
fathom
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to understand something deeply; a unit for measuring depth of water
firefly
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a small insect that gives off light from its body
bunched together
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grouped closely or tightly
genus (plural genera)
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a group of related species in biology
lineage
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ancestry or family history
feline
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relating to cats
bereft
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deprived of or missing something or someone
tatty
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old and in bad condition; shabby
hustle yourself
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to move quickly or energetically; to hurry
resilience
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the ability to recover quickly from difficulties
prerequisite
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something required as a condition before something else happens
constraint
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a limitation or restriction
sartorial
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related to clothing or style of dress
mediocrity
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the state of being average or ordinary
disrobe
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to undress
ruthless
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showing no pity or compassion; cruel
catch-22
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a paradoxical situation where you can’t win because of contradictory rules
churn
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to stir or mix violently; also, high turnover (e.g., in business or people)
jaded
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tired or bored from having too much of something
scrounge
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to get something by asking or begging rather than working for it
oppressive
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harsh, cruel, or overwhelming
austere
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strict, plain, or lacking comfort
in unison
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together at the same time
out of sync
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not happening together or not in agreement
stint
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a period of time spent doing a particular job or activity
alleged
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said to be true but not proven
as stubborn as a mule
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extremely stubborn and unwilling to change
a wolf in sheep’s clothing
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someone who appears harmless but is actually dangerous or deceptive
flog a dead horse
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to waste effort on something that has no chance of success
have kittens
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to become very anxious, upset, or angry
let sleeping dogs lie
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to avoid restarting a conflict or problem
like water off a duck’s back
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having no effect; easily ignored criticism or insults
put the cat among the pigeons
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to cause trouble or panic by revealing something
take the bull by the horns
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to deal with a difficult situation directly and bravely
have a bee in one’s bonnet
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to be obsessed or overly concerned with something
as sly as a fox
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very clever and tricky
a lone wolf
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someone who prefers to act alone
the early bird catches the worm
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people who act early have an advantage
as quiet as a mouse
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very quiet
a busy bee
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someone who is always busy or active
like a bull in a china shop
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clumsy or reckless in a delicate situation
dog’s breakfast
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a complete mess or disaster
cry wolf
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to raise a false alarm
a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
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it’s better to keep what you have than risk it for more
the cat’s out of the bag
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a secret has been revealed
straight from the horse’s mouth
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information from the original or most reliable source
like a fish out of water
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feeling uncomfortable or out of place
cart around
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to carry or move something awkward or heavy repeatedly
speak volumes
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to express something clearly without using words
abound
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to exist in large numbers or quantities
ensue
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to happen as a result of something
stack
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a neat pile of things; to arrange items in a pile
deem
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to consider or judge something in a particular way
tangible
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something real or concrete that can be touched or clearly understood
relegate
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to downgrade or assign to a lower rank or position
deploy
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to move into position or use effectively (often used with troops or resources)
odds
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the chances or probability of something happening
kudos
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praise or recognition for an achievement
affinity
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a natural liking or connection to something or someone
feel the heat
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to experience pressure or criticism
when/if it comes to the crunch
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when a situation becomes critical or important decisions must be made
daunting
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intimidating; seeming difficult or frightening
eclectic
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made up of a variety of styles or ideas
on tenterhooks
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in a state of suspense or anxiety while waiting
endeavour
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to try hard; an effort or attempt
intricate
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very detailed and complicated
quirky
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unusual in a charming or interesting way
unfold
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to develop or reveal over time
back of beyond
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a very remote or isolated place
click the button
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to press a button (especially on a computer or device)
detract
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to take away from; reduce the value or importance of something
far cry
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something very different from another thing
forge
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to create something with effort; to fake something (context-dependent)
haphazard
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lacking order or planning; random
lose touch
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to stop communicating or be no longer aware of something
obscure
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not clear or well-known; hard to understand
cross path with sb
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to unexpectedly meet someone
stumbled across
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found by accident or chance
ravaged
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severely damaged or destroyed
come by
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to obtain something, often with difficulty
scarce
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rare or in short supply
grimy
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dirty or covered with grime
officialdom
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government bureaucracy or officials
fraught
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full of (usually negative things); tense or anxious
allure
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charm or attraction
old chestnut
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a joke or story that’s been repeated too often
spiritedness
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liveliness and enthusiasm
resilience
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(repeated) ability to recover from difficulties
diminish
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to reduce in size, importance, or value
advancing
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moving forward or making progress
knowledge
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information, understanding, or skill gained through experience or education
flog
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to sell something, especially in an aggressive way; also to whip or beat
indulge
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to allow oneself to enjoy something, often to excess
indulgence
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the act of indulging or enjoying something freely
vagabonding
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traveling from place to place without a permanent home
tainted
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contaminated or corrupted; made less pure or innocent
compromising
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making concessions or allowing something to be less than ideal; risky to one’s reputation
far-flung
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spread out over a large area or distance
you could do worse than
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suggesting that something is a good choice, even if not the best
produce
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to make or create something; also refers to agricultural products
knock-down (prices)
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very low prices, typically because of a sale or discount
trout
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a type of freshwater fish
venison
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the meat of a deer
infused with
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filled or saturated with a particular quality or substance
porcini
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a type of edible mushroom, often used in cooking
nettles
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plants with stinging hairs; also refers to causing irritation
expertise
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specialized knowledge or skill in a particular area
backdrop
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the setting or background, often used in reference to a scene or event
incomparable
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without equal; too special or unique to compare to anything else
sight to behold
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something that is impressive or remarkable to see
in the middle of nowhere
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in a remote, isolated place
set aside
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to reserve for a specific purpose or future use
off the beaten track
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in a place that is not frequently visited; remote or unconventional
set one’s sights on
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to aim for or focus on a particular goal or target
to the back of beyond
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to a very remote or isolated place
dense
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closely packed together; thick or heavy in texture or substance
humid
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containing a high level of moisture, typically referring to the air
bustling
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full of activity and energy
sprawling
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spread out over a large area, often in a disorganized manner
quaint
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charmingly old-fashioned or unusual in an attractive way
pristine
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in its original, unspoiled condition; clean and fresh
urge
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to strongly encourage or advise someone to do something
set apart from
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to be different or distinguished from others
lush
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rich, abundant, and luxurious in growth or appearance
diverse
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showing variety; different from one another
reminisce
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to recall or think about past experiences, often fondly
barren
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empty, lacking in vegetation or life; unproductive
rugged
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rough, uneven, and tough in appearance or texture
recall
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to remember or bring to mind something from the past
advocate
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to publicly support or recommend something
reflect
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to think deeply or carefully about something
vibrant
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full of energy, color, or life
recount
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to tell the story of an event or experience in detail
vicinity
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the area around a particular place
defunct
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no longer existing or functioning
decommissioned
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officially taken out of service or use
niche
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a specialized segment of the market or a specific role or position
aesthetic
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relating to beauty or the appreciation of beauty
legacies
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something handed down from the past, often in terms of culture or achievements
tickly
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causing a slight, often itchy feeling
lease
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a contract granting the use of property for a specified period
craze
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an intense and widespread enthusiasm or trend
urbanity
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characteristics or qualities of city life, often associated with refinement
by virtue of
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because of; due to
salve
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a soothing ointment or balm; also to soothe or alleviate
ailment
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an illness or medical condition
steeped
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soaked or saturated in a particular quality or influence
run contrary to
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to be in opposition to or contradict
sheer
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absolute; nothing other than (often used for emphasis)
naturalist
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a person who studies or is an expert in natural history, especially plants and animals
affiliated with
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officially connected or associated with an organization or group
pass on
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to give something to someone else; also to die
in situ
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in the original place or position
assertion
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a confident and forceful statement or claim
philanthropist
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a person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, typically through charitable donations
lifeblood
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something that is essential for the existence or operation of something
with glee
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with great happiness or delight
unquantifiable
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impossible to measure or quantify
pestilence
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a deadly or virulent disease
sweep through
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to affect or pass through a place or group rapidly and powerfully
precarity
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a state of being uncertain or unstable, especially in terms of employment or financial security
vertebrate
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an animal with a backbone or spine
ascertain
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to find out or determine something with certainty
indicator
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a sign, symptom, or measure that points to something
reckon
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to think or suppose something; to calculate or estimate
blunt (face)
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having a dull edge or point; straightforward in manner
stunted
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prevented from growing or developing properly
render
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to cause to become; to give or provide something
urea
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a chemical compound found in urine and used in fertilizers
chamber pot
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a container used for urination, typically in a bedroom before indoor plumbing
giddy
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feeling lightheaded or dizzy, often due to excitement or joy
stagger
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to move unsteadily, often because of being off balance
slur
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to speak in a way that is unclear, or to insult or disparage someone
chunk
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a large piece or portion of something
abomination
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something that is intensely disliked or considered morally wrong
hoist
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to lift or raise something, often with the help of a mechanical device
dispatch
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to send off or deal with something quickly
replenish
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to refill or restore to its former condition
cavernous
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resembling a cavern; vast, spacious, and often dark or empty
conceal
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to hide or keep something out of sight
alas
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an expression of sorrow, regret, or disappointment
odorous
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having a strong or unpleasant smell
eternal
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lasting forever; without beginning or end
scavenger
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an animal or person that searches for and collects discarded items or food
preposterous
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contrary to reason or common sense; ridiculous
oscillate
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to swing back and forth in a regular motion
opaque
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not transparent; difficult to understand or explain
apex
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the top or highest point of something, often used metaphorically for the peak of achievement
cart around
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to carry or transport something from one place to another
speak volumes
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to convey a lot of meaning without using many words
abound
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to exist in large numbers or amounts
ensue
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to happen or occur as a result of something
stack
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to arrange things in a pile or stack, often in an orderly way
deem
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to regard or judge in a particular way
tangible
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something that can be touched or perceived by the senses; concrete
relegate
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to assign or dismiss to a lower or less important position
deploy
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to move or position resources or people for a specific purpose
odds
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the probability or likelihood of something happening
kudos
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praise or recognition for an achievement
affinity
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a natural liking or attraction to something or someone
feel the heat
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to experience pressure or stress, often due to intense scrutiny or competition
when/if it comes to the crunch
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when a critical decision or situation arises
daunting
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causing fear or anxiety due to being difficult to handle or face
eclectic
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deriving ideas, style, or taste from a broad range of sources
on tenterhooks
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in a state of nervous anticipation or suspense
endeavour
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an attempt or effort to achieve something, often requiring hard work
intricate
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very detailed or complicated, often in terms of design or structure
quirky
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unconventional or unusual in a charming or endearing way
unfold
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to open up or reveal, often gradually or over time
back of beyond
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a very remote or isolated place
click the button
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to press or select a button, usually on a device or interface
detract
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to take away from the value or quality of something
far cry
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something that is very different from something else, often implying a significant distance or difference
forge
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to form or create something, especially through intense effort or shaping
haphazard
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lacking order or planning; random or chaotic
lose touch
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to lose contact or communication with someone or something
obscure
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not well-known; difficult to understand or see
cross paths with sb
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to meet or encounter someone unexpectedly
stumbled across
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to find something by chance or accident
ravaged
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severely damaged or destroyed, often through violent means
come by
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to obtain or acquire something, often in a casual manner
scarce
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limited in quantity or availability
grimy
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dirty or covered in grime, often implying neglect or filth
officialdom
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the group of officials or bureaucrats in an organization or government
fraught
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filled with something, typically something negative, like tension or danger
allure
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the power to attract or charm
old chestnut
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a joke or story that has been repeated many times, often to the point of being tiresome
spiritedness
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energy, enthusiasm, or liveliness
resilience
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the ability to recover quickly from difficulties or adapt to challenges
diminish
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to make or become smaller or less important

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