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Question		Answer
ailment start learning		a minor illness / dolegliwość
geriatrics start learning		the study of medical care and illness that relates to elderly people / geriatria
shin start learning		the front part of the leg between the ankle and knee / goleń
sternum start learning		mostek
abdomen start learning		brzuch
shoulder blade start learning		łopatka
calf start learning		łydka
tonsils start learning		migdałki
knuckles start learning		kostki, kłykcie
ribcage start learning		klatka piersiowa
eradicate start learning		to get rid of sth completely / zlikwidować, wykorzenić
life expectancy start learning		the length of time a person is likely to live / średnia długość życia
fully-fledged start learning		fully developed / w pełni rozwinięty
unwieldy start learning		hard to move or carry because of weight, size or shape / nieporęczny, niewygodny
perceive start learning		to see, notice or realise sth, especially when itãs not obvious; to regard sth as / zauważyć, spostrzec, postrzegać
distinctly start learning		clearly, precisely
dissection start learning		cutting up of a dead body, autopsy / sekcja
revelation start learning		disclosing sth previously secret or unknown / rewelacja, odkrycie, ujawnienie
valve start learning		zastawka serca
thoracic start learning		piersiowy, znajdujący sięw klatce piersiowej
auscultation start learning		listening carefully to the sounds coming from the chest of a patient / osłuchiwanie
standpoint start learning		punkt widzenia
imprudent start learning		not very wise or well thought out / nierozsądny, nierozważny
proponent start learning		sb who supports a particular idea or plan of action and speaks about it in public / orędownik, zwolennik
tuberculosis start learning		gruźlica
principle start learning		basic law, rule
makeshift start learning		temporary and low in quality / prowizoryczny
scourge start learning		sb/sth that causes great trouble or suffering
cavity start learning		a hole or space between two surfaces / dziura, ubytek
ravage start learning		to destroy or damage / spustoszyć, wyniszczyć
solidify start learning		to become solid / stwardnieć, skrzepnąć, zgęstnieć
tissue start learning		the material that animals and plants are made of / tkanka
yield start learning		to provide or produce sth / dostarczać, dawać, przynosić
compact start learning		made up of parts that are positioned closely together, using very little space / niewielkich rozmiarów, funkcjonalny
ebony start learning		hebanowy, z hebanu
modestly start learning		a little bit, in small degree, slightly
meticulously start learning		showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise
organic food start learning		ekologiczne jedzenie
conceive start learning		począć
fresh produce start learning		nieprzetworzone owoce i warzywa
principle start learning		a theory or philosophy
empirical data start learning		dane empiryczne
to probe start learning		examine with hands
imprudent start learning		irresponsible
pursue start learning		seek, work towards
impact start learning		effect, result
correlating start learning		juxtaposing; maching up; making out the connection between
interchangeable start learning		that can be exchanged for or replaced by sth else / wymienny
rumbling start learning		making a low, gurgling sound / bulgoczący, dudniący, burczący
solely start learning		exclusively, only, simply
emit start learning		to produce or send out light, gas, smell or heat / wydawać, wydzielać
contagious start learning		infectious, transmissible
resemble start learning		to be or look similar / przypominać
property start learning		a quality or characteristic in a substance or object / właściwość
clot start learning		a sticky lump which forms when blood becomes thick or dries up / zakrzep
concussion start learning		wstrząśnienie mózgu
disorder start learning		illness, malfunction
fracture start learning		a break or slight crack / złamanie, pęknięcie
inflammation start learning		redness or swelling of part of the body, often from an infection, illness or injury / zapalenie, stan zapalny
sprain start learning		to cause an injury to a joint by a sudden movement / skręcić, nadwerężyć
predisposition start learning		inclination / skłonność
recurrence start learning		repetition / nawrót
stranded start learning		trapped, left in difficulties / uwięziony, nie mogący się sam skądś wydostać
blister start learning		bąbel, pęcherz, odcisk
bronchitis start learning		zapalenie oskrzeli
gasp start learning		to take a short, quick breath through the mouth
pant start learning		to breathe with difficulty and make a sound / sapać, dyszeć
wheeze start learning		to breathe with difficulty and make a whistling sound / mieć chrapliwy lub świszczący oddech
ward start learning		oddział
beaker start learning		zlewka
vial start learning		fiolka, flakonik
respiratory start learning		oddechowy
strenuous start learning		tiring, fatiguing, exhausting / wyczerpujący, forsowny
intake start learning		consumption / spożycie
congenital start learning		inborn, inherited, existing since or before birth / wrodzony
holistic start learning		treating the whole person rather than particular symptoms of diseases / holistyczny
stabbing start learning		sharp / kłujący
piercing start learning		penetrating / przenikliwy, przeszywający
to needle start learning		to bother or annoy / dokuczać
undergo start learning		to experience or go through sth necessary or unpleasant / odbyć, poddać się
niggling start learning		annoying / uporczywy, dręczący
recurring start learning		happening more than once, returning, reappearing / powtarzający się, nawracający
terminal start learning		slowly and incurably causing death, fatal, incurable
petty start learning		of little importance, trivial / błahy
noxious start learning		toxic, poisonous / trujący, szkodliwy
adverse start learning		unfavourable, unfortunate, unpleasant / niepożądany
incision start learning		a sharp cut made in sth / nacięcie
tenderness start learning		soreness and sensitiveness / wrażliwość (np. na dotyk), obolałość
hoarse start learning		sounding rough and unclear / zachrypnięty, ochrypły
nausea start learning		the feeling of being unwell and likely to vomit / mdłości, nudności
vertigo start learning		dizziness, the feeling of unsteadiness and sickness due to looking down from a high place / zawroty głowy
exertion start learning		effort / wysiłek
matron start learning		przełożona pielęgniarek
midwife start learning		a person who assists women in childbirth / położna
recuperate start learning		to get better, recover after one has been ill
with (the benefit of) hindsight start learning		understanding a situation differently after it has happened / (patrząc) z perspektywy czasu
detrimental start learning		injurious, harmful, damaging, hurtful
decline start learning		refuse, reject, turn down
reluctant start learning		unwilling, hesitant, resistant
commit oneself to sth start learning		zobowiązać się do czegoś
sneaking start learning		= (of a feeling) not fully recognised, unexpressed, hidden
contamination start learning		dirt, pollution / skażenie, zanieczyszczenie
esteem start learning		admiration, respect
slot start learning		a free position or a time / okienko, wolne miejsce
debunk start learning		to show that a widely held belief is false, discredit / obalić
treacherous start learning		dangerous, hazardous, unsafe
imperative start learning		extremely important, essential
pledge start learning		to promise
erratically start learning		in an unexpected or irregular way / w sposób nieskoordynowany, nieskładnie
allegation start learning		a claim made without proof / zarzut, oskarżenie
defendant start learning		sb accused of a crime / oskarżony
petrified start learning		very scared, terrified, horrified
turn tail (and run, flee, etc) start learning		to run away from a dangerous situation / uciec, wziąć nogi za pas
lingering start learning		remaining, lasting for a long time / utrzymujący się, długotrwały
refine start learning		to improve, purify, clarify
inherent start learning		inborn
impede start learning		to delay, prevent, restrict, / utrudnić, przeszkodzić
conscientious start learning		careful to do one’s work well / sumienny
explicit start learning		stated clearly, direct / wyraźny, jawny, otwarty
sift through start learning		to examine carefully a large number of things in order to select sth / przeszukać, przesiać
disseminate start learning		to spread widely / rozpowszechnić, szerzyć
paternalism start learning		being patronizing
ally start learning		a supporter, defender
revaluation start learning		assessing the value of sth again, rejudge
wavering start learning		weak, hesitant
discourse start learning		spoken or written communication between people
hefty start learning		larger than expected, excessive, huge
prompt start learning		to encourage, to cause
dubious start learning		doubtful, uncertain, unsure
compulsory start learning		obligatory, required by law or a rule
outcry start learning		a reaction of strong disapproval and anger expressed by the public or media about a current event
humane start learning		showing kindness to people and animals and preventing their suffering / humanitarny
outraged start learning		feeling angry and shocked / oburzony
livelihood start learning		income
halt start learning		to stop
irate start learning		angry, furious

Unit 5 (Upstream)

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