unit 1 expert

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Question język polski Answer język polski
scrape through
Even though she had missed lots of classes, Helena managed to scrape through the exam and got an 'E'.
start learning
to only just succeed in passing an examination or dealing with a difficult situation
pick a fight
Toby won't change his mind so it's not worth picking a fight with him.
start learning
to deliberately start a quarrel or fight with someone
master's degree
After I graduate, I want to do a master's degree in biochemistry.
start learning
a university degree such as an MA, M.Sc. or M.S. that you can get by studying for one or two years after your first degree
work placement
In their second year, students can do a work placement and get some valuable real-life experience.
start learning
a job, usually as part of a course of study, which gives you experience of a particular type of work
Shadow
Detectives shadowed him for weeks.
start learning
to follow someone closely in order to watch what they are doing
set one's heart
start learning
to want very much to have or achieve something, or to be determined to do somethingI know you've set your heart on studying abroad, but won't you miss your friends?
against the odds
start learning
overcome difficulties which make a good result seem very unlikelyAgainst the odds Leo, the son of immigrants and from a poor neighbourhood, was accepted by Oxford University.
take someone on
start learning
to start to employ someoneAt the age of 14, my granddad was taken on by a plumbing company and trained as a plumber.
half-hearted
Congress has made half-hearted attempts at finance reform.
start learning
done without much effort and without much interest in the result
Take something in your stride
When the boss asked Judy to stay late, she took it in stride.
start learning
to not allow something to annoy, embarrass, or upset you
Competitive
Some US industries are not as competitive as they have been in the past.
start learning
determined or trying very hard to be more successful than other people or businesses
CV
Remember to include your contact details on your CV.
start learning
a short written document that lists your education and previous jobs, which you send to employers when you are looking for a job
foresee
I’ve put your name on the list
start learning
to think or know that something is going to happen in the future
Networking
I’m hoping to do some networking at the conference next week in London.
start learning
the practice of meeting other people involved in the same kind of work, to share information, support each other etc
Portfolio
You’ll need to prepare a portfolio of your work.
start learning
a large flat case used especially for carrying pictures, documents etc
vouch for
Sorry, I can't vouch for Anna because I've never met her.
start learning
to say that you believe that someone will behave well and that you will be responsible for their behaviour, actions etc
close-knit
We all get on really well in my family
start learning
a close-knit group of people is one in which everyone knows each other well and gives each other support when they need it
we're very close-knit.
start learning
we're very close-knit.
take something personally
Don’t take it personally
start learning
to get upset by the things other people say or do, because you think that their remarks or behaviour are directed at you in particular
she’s rude to everyone.
start learning
she’s rude to everyone.
make the best of something
We are stuck here, so we might as well make the best of it.
start learning
to accept a situation that is not very good, and do whatever you can to make it better
take no for an answer
I've never met someone as stubborn as Liam
start learning
accept it when somebody refuses you
he won't take no for an answer.
start learning
he won't take no for an answer.
hand in your resignation
Tomorrow I'm going to hand in my resignation, so I can start my new job in four weeks' time
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officially say that you want to resign
be taken aback by
I was really taken aback when Lauren and Bill split up
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to be very surprised or shocked by something
I thought there would get married!
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I thought there would get married!
take no notice of
Take no notice of Geoff -- he's just being silly.
start learning
not pay attention to someone or something
take pity on
When I saw the tiny kitten I took pity on it and took it home with me.
start learning
feel sorry for someone and treat them with sympathy
take advantage of
I think your boss is taking advantage of you -- you should ask for more money if you have to work such long hours.
start learning
to treat someone unfairly in order to get what you want, especially someone who is generous or easily persuaded
high salary
I think job satisfaction is more important than a high salary.
start learning
a lot of money that you receive as payment from the organization you work for
main priority
My main priority is to find a job that I love.
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the thing that you think is most important and that needs attention before anything else
tight deadlines
You can expect to have very tight deadlines if you work as a journalist.
start learning
a date or time by which you have to do or complete something, which is not long away
heavy workload
My workload is so heavy, I'm worried I won't be able to finish everything.
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a large amount of work that a person or organization has to do
have an impact
My granddad was a doctor and he really had an impact on my choice of career.
start learning
have an effect or influence an event, situation etc
stand someone in good stead
Learning karate has really stood my in good stead -- I learnt about hard work, discipline and respect.
start learning
be very useful to someone when needed
snap something up
When I saw how cheap the t-shirt was, I snapped it up.
start learning
to buy something immediately, especially because it is very cheap
from all walks of life
Our club is open to people from all walks of life -- rich or poor, young or old.
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every position in society
part and parcel
Writing essays and taking exams are all part and parcel of university life.
start learning
to be a necessary feature of something
crop up
way Your name kept cropping up in conversation.
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if a problem crops up, it happens or appears suddenly and in an unexpected
Deceptive
Some snakes move with deceptive speed (move faster than you think or expect).
start learning
something that is deceptive seems to be one thing but is in fact very different
recruitment
Our recruitment process involves an application form, an exam and an interview.
start learning
to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc
Playfulness
The thing I love about my grandma is her playfulness, even though she's 72!
start learning
very active, happy, and wanting to have fun
additional
Additional information can be obtained from the centre.
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more than what was agreed or expected
productive
Most of us are more productive in the morning.
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producing or achieving a lot
competitor
Last year they sold twice as many computers as their competitors.
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a person, team, company etc that is competing with another
doubtless
Doubtless there would be lots of rumours.
start learning
used when saying that something is almost certain to happen or be true
Trendy
I didn't recognise Katrina when I saw her in her new trendy clothes.
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influenced by the most fashionable styles and ideas
cutting edge
The technology is this new mobile phone is cutting-edge.
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the newest and most exciting stage in the development of something
fumble around for
I was fumbling around for my keys and knocked the glass off the table onto the floor.
start learning
to try to hold, move, or find something with your hands in an awkward way
favourable
Being well dressed always help to create a favourable impression.
start learning
a favourable report, opinion, or reaction shows that you think that someone or something is good or that you agree with them
feasible
I'm afraid it's not feasible to offer you a pay rise this year.
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a plan, idea, or method that is feasible is possible and is likely to work
no-no
Colouring your hair was a no-no at that time.
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something that you must not do because it is considered to be unacceptable behaviour
butterflies in the stomach
I always get butterflies in my stomach before I go on stage.
start learning
to feel very nervous before doing something
link
Police think the murders are linked.
start learning
if two things are linked, they are related in some way
slouch
Jimmy slouched back in his chair.
start learning
to stand, sit, or walk with a slouch
fidget
The kids had started to fidget.
start learning
to keep moving your hands or feet, especially because you are bored or nervous
long-winded
Even moderate amounts of alcohol can be dangerous.
start learning
continuing to talk for too long or using too many words in a way that is boringHis speeches tend to be rather longwinded. Moderatenot very large or very small, very hot or very cold, very fast or very slow etc
Mumble
He bumped into someone and mumbled an apology.
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to say something too quietly or not clearly enough, so that other people cannot understand you
pay off
I’ll pay off all my debts first.
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to give someone all the money you owe them
ramble on
My father kept rambling on about the war.
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to talk or write for a long time in a way that other people find boring
safety margin
We're not completely sure how much the building work will cost, so we've saved extra money as a safety margin.
start learning
an additional amount of something such as time, money, or space that you include in order to make sure that you are successful in achieving something
slouch
Jimmy slouched back in his chair.
start learning
to stand, sit, or walk with a slouch
long-winded
His speeches tend to be rather longwinded.
start learning
continuing to talk for too long or using too many words in a way that is boring
switch off
When he started talking about football, I just switched off -- I find it so boring.
start learning
to stop listening to someone
vary
Test scores vary from school to school.
start learning
if several things of the same type vary, they are all different from each other
restless
The children had been indoors all day, and were getting restless.
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unwilling to keep still or stay where you are, especially because you are nervous or bored
crash course
I'm really impatient to learn Spanish
start learning
a course in which you learn a lot about a particular subject in a very short period of time
perhaps I'll go on a crash course.
start learning
perhaps I'll go on a crash course.
be reliant on
I want to get a job so that I'm not reliant on anyone.
start learning
dependent on someone or something
in the vicinity
A tall man dressed in black was seen in the vicinity of the burglary.
start learning
in the area around a particular place
liaise
Council officers are liaising closely with local groups.
start learning
to exchange information with someone who works in another organization or department so that you can both be more effective
assimilate
It took me a long time to assimilate when I moved from London to Madrid.
start learning
if people assimilate or are assimilated into a country or group, they become part of that group and are accepted by the people in that group
run-down
That neighbourhood is so run-down that no one wants to live there.
start learning
a building or area that is run-down is in very bad condition
master
I've been playing the piano since I was six and I've almost mastered it.
start learning
to learn a skill or a language so well that you have no difficulty with it
stretch
This job will really stretch you, but I think you'll be able to cope.
start learning
to make someone use all of their skill, abilities, or intelligence
affluent
Some of the houses in this affluent neighbourhood cost millions of pounds.
start learning
having plenty of money, nice houses, expensive things etc
allocate
We will allocate you a budget and three members of staff to work for you.
start learning
to use something for a particular purpose, give something to a particular person etc, especially after an official decision has been made
initiative
I wish my son would show more initiative.
start learning
the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do
grasp ofyour ability to understand a complicated idea, situation, or subject
start learning
She has only a limited grasp of Chinese, so she won't understand much when she gets to Beijing.
challenging
Teaching young children is a challenging and rewarding job.
start learning
difficult in an interesting or enjoyable way
mutual respect
I really like my boss and she treats me kindly
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respect that two or more people have for each other
we have mutual respect.
start learning
we have mutual respect.
get over (an idea)
I was so angry I found it difficult to get over my point.
start learning
to succeed in communicating ideas or information to other people
disadvantaged
He may have been disadvantaged when he was young, but he's highly successful now.
start learning
having social problems, such as a lack of money or education, which make it difficult for you to succeed
pilot project
In the pilot project, neighbours will grow fruit and vegetables together in the communal garden areas.
start learning
a small project which is carried out as a test to see if an idea, product, etc will be successful
apprehensive
We’d been a little apprehensive about their visit.
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worried or nervous about something that you are going to do, or about the future
directionless
I felt directionless and lost.
start learning
lacking a clear direction or aim
disillusioned
As she grew older, Laura became increasingly disillusioned with politics.
start learning
disappointed because you have lost your belief that someone is good, or that an idea is right
distracted
He tried to concentrate on his work, butwas distracted by the long blonde hair of the girl sitting in front of him.
start learning
anxious and unable to think clearly
engaged
I didn't feel like the interviewers were engaged with what I was saying.
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paying attention and interested
Inspired
an inspired leader
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having very exciting special qualities that are better than anyone or anything else
intimidated
I was shy, and felt intimidated by the older students.
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feeling worried and lacking confidence because of the situation you are in or the people you are with
Motivated
The students are all highly motivated.
start learning
very keen to do something or achieve something, especially because you find it interesting or exciting
muddled
When they asked me about my examgrades, I got muddled up and gave
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confused
overwhelmed
I've got so much homework to do that I feel really overwhelmed.
start learning
if work or a problem overwhelms someone, it is too much or too difficult to deal with
passive
Kathy seems to take a very passive role in the relationship.
start learning
someone who is passive tends to accept things that happen to them or things that people say to them, without taking any action
pressurised
My parents never pressurised me to go to university
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feeling worried, or making you feel worried, because of the number of things you have to do
they let me do what I want.
start learning
they let me do what I want.
relieved
She looked immensely relieved when she heard the news.
start learning
feeling happy because you are no longer worried about something
self-conscious
Jerry’s pretty self-conscious about his weight.
start learning
worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you
well-supported
I have always been well-supported by my family -- both emotionally and financially.
start learning
to have enough money, emotional support, etc for what you need
Demoralising
It was really demoralising when my sixyear- old cousin beat me at chess.
start learning
reducing or destroying someone's courage or confidence
video clip
Have you seen this video clip of a cat riding a bicycle?
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a short part of a film or television programme that is shown by itself, especially as an advertisement
communal
In our student accommodation, we have communal bathrooms and a communal kitchen.
start learning
shared by a group of people or animals, especially a group who live together
virtuoso
I can't believe you can play the violin so brilliantly -- you're a really virtuoso!
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someone who is a very skilful performer, especially in music
not have a leg to stand on
If you didn’t sign a contract, you won’t have a leg to stand on.
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to be in a situation where you cannot prove or legally support what you say
drop out
The group gets smaller as members move away or drop out.
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to no longer do an activity or belong to a group
hostile
Southampton fans gave their former coach a hostile reception.
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angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them
cram
Zara crammed for six hours the night before the exam, but still couldn't remember anything.
start learning
to prepare yourself for an examination by learning a lot of information quickly
figure out
I can't figure out how
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to think about a problem or situation until you find the answer or understand what has happened
desperate
I had no money left and was desperate.
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willing to do anything to change a very bad situation, and not caring about danger
turn someone round
The love of his new adoptive parents really turned his life around.
start learning
if a person turns around, he/she changes and starts to develop in a positive way
expel
Two girls were expelled from school for taking drugs.
start learning
to officially force someone to leave a school or organization
mutual
Mutual respect is necessary for any partnership to work.
start learning
mutual feelings such as respect, trust, or hatred are feelings that two or more people have for each other
nurture
European union is an ideal that has been nurtured since the post-war years.
start learning
to help a plan, idea, feeling etc to develop
pull yourself together
With an effort Mary pulled herself together.
start learning
to force yourself to stop behaving in a nervous, frightened, or uncontrolled way
shame
When Toby made fun of my new haircut I went red with shame.
start learning
the feeling you have when you feel guilty and embarrassed because you, or someone who is close to you, have done something wrong
rage
When I told him I had crashed his car, he flew into a rage.
start learning
a strong feeling of uncontrollable anger
rough and ready
The tests are only a rough and ready guide to a pupil’s future development.
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not perfect, but good enough for a particular purpose
scheme
The money will be used for teacher training schemes.
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an official plan that is intended to help people in some way, for example by providing education or training
shift
Joe listened, shifting uncomfortably from one foot to another.
start learning
to move from one place or position to another, or make something do this
skive off
Rachel got a detention for skiving off maths.
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to avoid work or school by staying away or leaving without permission
substantial
We have the support of a substantial number of parents.
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large in amount or number
trigger
The assassination triggered off a wave of rioting.
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to make something happen very quickly, especially a series of events
instinctive
Her musical skill is completely instinctive.
start learning
based on instinct and not involving thought
aggressive
if you want to fight or attack someone Jim’s voice became aggressive.
start learning
behaving in an angry threatening way, as
hostile
Southampton fans gave their
start learning
angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them
scornful
Patrick was scornful of his younger brother's attempts to ride a bike.
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feeling or showing scorn
distressed
Hannah was deeply distressed by the news.
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very upset
indifferent
Sarah was absolutely indifferent to him, and it hurt.
start learning
not at all interested in someone or something
disaffected
With huge student loans to pay and few jobs, many young people feel disaffected.
start learning
not satisfied with your government, leader etc, and therefore no longer loyal to them or no longer believing they can help you
resistant
an infection that’s resistant to antibiotics
start learning
not damaged or affected by something
see eye to eye
We didn’t exactly see eye to eye.
start learning
if two people see eye to eye, they agree with each other
do as you are told
Why can't you children just do as you are told?
start learning
behave in the way someone has asked you to
get your own way
Bella is dad's favourite and he always lets her get her own way.
start learning
achieve the result you want
keep yourself to yourself
I don't like to get involved in office politics
start learning
to live a very quiet private life and not do many things that involve other people
I prefer to keep myself to myself.
start learning
I prefer to keep myself to myself.
rub people up the wrong way
Robbie always rubs people up the wrong way -- it's no wonder he has so few friends.
start learning
to annoy someone by the things you say or do, usually without intending to
on a whim
I bought these shoes on a whim, and now I've decided I don't like them.
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a sudden feeling that you would like to do or have something, especially when there is no important or good reason
look up to
I've always looked up to my cousin because she's so cool and funny.
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admire and respect
become close to someone
I became very close to my aunt after my uncle died.
start learning
develop a strong relationship with someone
come across as
Mr Potts can come across as rude, but really he's a very kind man.
start learning
appear to have a particular quality, when this may or may not be true
good fun
Leah is funny and popular -- she's really good fun.
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enjoyable to be with because they are happy and amusing
dry sense of humour
You've got such a dry sense of humour
start learning
someone with a dry sense of humour says funny and clever things while seeming to be serious
sometimes I can't tell if you're joking.
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sometimes I can't tell if you're joking.
take after someone
I take after my mum -- we both worry a lot.
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to look or behave like an older relative
bond
I have a really strong bond with my pet dog.
start learning
something that unites two or more people or groups, such as love, or a shared interest or idea
underachieving
Any underachieving police officers will have to take further training.
start learning
not doing as well at school or at work as they could do if they worked harder
lump together
You can't just lump us all together -- we're individuals with different needs.
start learning
to put two or more different people or things together and consider them as a single group, sometimes wrongly
group dynamic
There is a very tense group dynamic in this classroom.
start learning
the way in which people in a group behave, react, and affect each other
misbehave
George has been misbehaving at school.
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to behave badly, and cause trouble or annoy people
Despise
She despised her neighbours.
start learning
to dislike and have a low opinion of someone or something
lurk
She didn’t see the figure lurking behind the bushes.
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to wait somewhere quietly and secretly, usually because you are going to do something wrong
aspect
Dealing with people is the most important aspect of my work.
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one part of a situation, idea, plan etc that has many parts
awkward
I hoped he would stop asking awkward questions.
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making you feel embarrassed so that you are not sure what to do or say
catch unawares
Tom caught me totally unawares when he asked me out on a date.
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if something catches you unawares, it happens when you are not expecting it and are not prepared
cotton on
It took me a while to cotton on.
start learning
to begin to understand something
turn down
Thank you, I never turn down the offer of a cup of tea.
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refuse
Obsessive
Please stop being so obsessive about your food -- just eat it!
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thinking or worrying about something all the time, so that you do not think about other things enough – used to show disapproval
implication
What are the implications of these proposals?
start learning
a possible future effect or result of an action, event, decision etc
wear off
The effects of the anaesthetic were starting to wear off.
start learning
if pain or the effect of something wears off, it gradually stops
turn out (to be)
I can't believe it -- it turns out Sophia knew about the surprise party all along!
start learning
to happen in a particular way, or to have a particular result, especially one that you did not expect
put one's foot down
I must put my foot down
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to say very firmly that someone must do something or must stop doing something
dawn on
It dawned on me that I have a better relationship with my grandparents than with my parents.
start learning
if a fact dawns on you, you realize it for the first time
simplistic
This is a very simplistic approach to the problem.
start learning
difficult subjects in a way that is too simple
tendency
Greg’s tendency to be critical made him unpopular with his co-workers.
start learning
if someone or something has a tendency to do or become a particular thing, they are likely to do or become it
subtlety
The play lacks subtlety.
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the quality that something has when it has been done in a clever or skilful way, with careful attention to small details
impact
We need to assess the impact on climate change.
start learning
the effect or influence that an event, situation etc has on someone or something
be glued to
During the Olympics, I was glued to the television.
start learning
to look at something with all your attention
split up with
Danny and Kate had a massive argument and split up.
start learning
if people split up, they end a marriage or relationship with each other
can't help oneself
When I see chocolate, I can't help myself and just have to eat it.
start learning
used to say that someone is unable to change their behaviour or feelings, or to prevent themselves from doing something
take in one's stride
Lilian took the criticism in her stride and said she would try harder next time.
start learning
to not allow something to annoy, embarrass, or upset you:
go over old ground
We've had this same argument a thousand times -- do we really have to go over the same old ground?
start learning
talk about the same things
liable
The car is liable to overheat on long trips.
start learning
likely to do or say something or to behave in a particular way, especially because of a fault or natural tendency
sneak
I managed to sneak another slice of cake when no one was looking.
start learning
to quickly and secretly steal something unimportant or of little value
flatter
Perry would always flatter Mrs. Mitchell by praising her cooking.
start learning
to praise someone in order to please them or get something from them, even though you do not mean it
Astounded
She was astounded by his arrogance.
start learning
very surprised or shocked
accountable
The government should be accountable to all the people of the country.
start learning
responsible for the effects of your actions and willing to explain or be criticized for them
be woven into
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past participle of weave
to put many different ideas, subjects, stories etc together and connect them smoothly
start learning
Summers at the beach are woven into my childhood memories.
a fair bit of
My brother plays a fair bit of sport but I prefer listening to music.
start learning
a reasonable amount
constructive
The meeting was very constructive.
start learning
useful and helpful, or likely to produce good results
impose limitations
You're 18 now so I can't impose limitations on you anymore.
start learning
force to accept rules
peer
American children did less well in maths than their peers in Japan.
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your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc
so much the better
If they can do them both at the same time, then so much the better.
start learning
used to say that something would be even better or bring even more advantages
radical
They are proposing radical changes to the way the company is run.
start learning
a radical change or difference is very big and important
rave notice
The local ballet company received rave notices for its production of Swan Lake.
start learning
strong praise for a new play, book etc
reluctant
She gave a reluctant smile.
start learning
slow and unwilling
intend
I intend to spend the night there.
start learning
to have something in your mind as a plan or purpose
rigorous
a rigorous analysis of defence needs
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careful, thorough, and exact
soft option
Leaving school at 16 isn't necessarily the soft option, because you'll have to find a job.
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easy choice
fire with
After I read Dan Brown's book, I was fired with determination to write a bestseller.
start learning
made to feel interested in something and excited about it
come to terms with
I still haven't come to terms with my best friend going out with my ex-boyfriend.
start learning
to accept an unpleasant or sad situation and no longer feel upset or angry about it
demanding
The course was so demanding that I almost gave up.
start learning
needing a lot of ability, effort, or skill
transferable
I may only have a Saturday job in a café, but I'm learning transferable s
start learning
the quality of being able to move from one place, school, job etc to another
scrape through
Even though she had missed lots of classes, Helena managed to scrape through the exam and got an 'E'.
start learning
to only just succeed in passing an examination or dealing with a difficult situation
pick a fight
Toby won't change his mind so it's not worth picking a fight with him.
start learning
to deliberately start a quarrel or fight with someone
master's degree
After I graduate, I want to do a master's degree in biochemistry.
start learning
a university degree such as an MA, M.Sc. or M.S. that you can get by studying for one or two years after your first degree
work placement
In their second year, students can do a work placement and get some valuable real-life experience.
start learning
a job, usually as part of a course of study, which gives you experience of a particular type of work
Shadow
Detectives shadowed him for weeks.
start learning
to follow someone closely in order to watch what they are doing
set one's heart
start learning
to want very much to have or achieve something, or to be determined to do somethingI know you've set your heart on studying abroad, but won't you miss your friends?
against the odds
start learning
overcome difficulties which make a good result seem very unlikelyAgainst the odds Leo, the son of immigrants and from a poor neighbourhood, was accepted by Oxford University.
take someone on
start learning
to start to employ someoneAt the age of 14, my granddad was taken on by a plumbing company and trained as a plumber.
half-hearted
Congress has made half-hearted attempts at finance reform.
start learning
done without much effort and without much interest in the result
Take something in your stride
When the boss asked Judy to stay late, she took it in stride.
start learning
to not allow something to annoy, embarrass, or upset you
Competitive
Some US industries are not as competitive as they have been in the past.
start learning
determined or trying very hard to be more successful than other people or businesses
CV
Remember to include your contact details on your CV.
start learning
a short written document that lists your education and previous jobs, which you send to employers when you are looking for a job
foresee
I’ve put your name on the list
start learning
to think or know that something is going to happen in the future
Networking
I’m hoping to do some networking at the conference next week in London.
start learning
the practice of meeting other people involved in the same kind of work, to share information, support each other etc
Portfolio
You’ll need to prepare a portfolio of your work.
start learning
a large flat case used especially for carrying pictures, documents etc
vouch for
Sorry, I can't vouch for Anna because I've never met her.
start learning
to say that you believe that someone will behave well and that you will be responsible for their behaviour, actions etc
close-knit
We all get on really well in my family
start learning
a close-knit group of people is one in which everyone knows each other well and gives each other support when they need it
we're very close-knit.
start learning
we're very close-knit.
take something personally
Don’t take it personally
start learning
to get upset by the things other people say or do, because you think that their remarks or behaviour are directed at you in particular
she’s rude to everyone.
start learning
she’s rude to everyone.
make the best of something
We are stuck here, so we might as well make the best of it.
start learning
to accept a situation that is not very good, and do whatever you can to make it better
take no for an answer
I've never met someone as stubborn as Liam
start learning
accept it when somebody refuses you
he won't take no for an answer.
start learning
he won't take no for an answer.
hand in your resignation
Tomorrow I'm going to hand in my resignation, so I can start my new job in four weeks' time
start learning
officially say that you want to resign
be taken aback by
I was really taken aback when Lauren and Bill split up
start learning
to be very surprised or shocked by something
I thought there would get married!
start learning
I thought there would get married!
take no notice of
Take no notice of Geoff -- he's just being silly.
start learning
not pay attention to someone or something
take pity on
When I saw the tiny kitten I took pity on it and took it home with me.
start learning
feel sorry for someone and treat them with sympathy
take advantage of
I think your boss is taking advantage of you -- you should ask for more money if you have to work such long hours.
start learning
to treat someone unfairly in order to get what you want, especially someone who is generous or easily persuaded
high salary
I think job satisfaction is more important than a high salary.
start learning
a lot of money that you receive as payment from the organization you work for
main priority
My main priority is to find a job that I love.
start learning
the thing that you think is most important and that needs attention before anything else
tight deadlines
You can expect to have very tight deadlines if you work as a journalist.
start learning
a date or time by which you have to do or complete something, which is not long away
heavy workload
My workload is so heavy, I'm worried I won't be able to finish everything.
start learning
a large amount of work that a person or organization has to do
have an impact
My granddad was a doctor and he really had an impact on my choice of career.
start learning
have an effect or influence an event, situation etc
stand someone in good stead
Learning karate has really stood my in good stead -- I learnt about hard work, discipline and respect.
start learning
be very useful to someone when needed
snap something up
When I saw how cheap the t-shirt was, I snapped it up.
start learning
to buy something immediately, especially because it is very cheap
from all walks of life
Our club is open to people from all walks of life -- rich or poor, young or old.
start learning
every position in society
part and parcel
Writing essays and taking exams are all part and parcel of university life.
start learning
to be a necessary feature of something
crop up
way Your name kept cropping up in conversation.
start learning
if a problem crops up, it happens or appears suddenly and in an unexpected
Deceptive
Some snakes move with deceptive speed (move faster than you think or expect).
start learning
something that is deceptive seems to be one thing but is in fact very different
recruitment
Our recruitment process involves an application form, an exam and an interview.
start learning
to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc
Playfulness
The thing I love about my grandma is her playfulness, even though she's 72!
start learning
very active, happy, and wanting to have fun
additional
Additional information can be obtained from the centre.
start learning
more than what was agreed or expected
productive
Most of us are more productive in the morning.
start learning
producing or achieving a lot
competitor
Last year they sold twice as many computers as their competitors.
start learning
a person, team, company etc that is competing with another
doubtless
Doubtless there would be lots of rumours.
start learning
used when saying that something is almost certain to happen or be true
Trendy
I didn't recognise Katrina when I saw her in her new trendy clothes.
start learning
influenced by the most fashionable styles and ideas
cutting edge
The technology is this new mobile phone is cutting-edge.
start learning
the newest and most exciting stage in the development of something
fumble around for
I was fumbling around for my keys and knocked the glass off the table onto the floor.
start learning
to try to hold, move, or find something with your hands in an awkward way
favourable
Being well dressed always help to create a favourable impression.
start learning
a favourable report, opinion, or reaction shows that you think that someone or something is good or that you agree with them
feasible
I'm afraid it's not feasible to offer you a pay rise this year.
start learning
a plan, idea, or method that is feasible is possible and is likely to work
no-no
Colouring your hair was a no-no at that time.
start learning
something that you must not do because it is considered to be unacceptable behaviour
butterflies in the stomach
I always get butterflies in my stomach before I go on stage.
start learning
to feel very nervous before doing something
link
Police think the murders are linked.
start learning
if two things are linked, they are related in some way
slouch
Jimmy slouched back in his chair.
start learning
to stand, sit, or walk with a slouch
fidget
The kids had started to fidget.
start learning
to keep moving your hands or feet, especially because you are bored or nervous
long-winded
Even moderate amounts of alcohol can be dangerous.
start learning
continuing to talk for too long or using too many words in a way that is boringHis speeches tend to be rather longwinded. Moderatenot very large or very small, very hot or very cold, very fast or very slow etc
Mumble
He bumped into someone and mumbled an apology.
start learning
to say something too quietly or not clearly enough, so that other people cannot understand you
pay off
I’ll pay off all my debts first.
start learning
to give someone all the money you owe them
ramble on
My father kept rambling on about the war.
start learning
to talk or write for a long time in a way that other people find boring
safety margin
We're not completely sure how much the building work will cost, so we've saved extra money as a safety margin.
start learning
an additional amount of something such as time, money, or space that you include in order to make sure that you are successful in achieving something
slouch
Jimmy slouched back in his chair.
start learning
to stand, sit, or walk with a slouch
long-winded
His speeches tend to be rather longwinded.
start learning
continuing to talk for too long or using too many words in a way that is boring
switch off
When he started talking about football, I just switched off -- I find it so boring.
start learning
to stop listening to someone
vary
Test scores vary from school to school.
start learning
if several things of the same type vary, they are all different from each other
restless
The children had been indoors all day, and were getting restless.
start learning
unwilling to keep still or stay where you are, especially because you are nervous or bored
crash course
I'm really impatient to learn Spanish
start learning
a course in which you learn a lot about a particular subject in a very short period of time
perhaps I'll go on a crash course.
start learning
perhaps I'll go on a crash course.
be reliant on
I want to get a job so that I'm not reliant on anyone.
start learning
dependent on someone or something
in the vicinity
A tall man dressed in black was seen in the vicinity of the burglary.
start learning
in the area around a particular place
liaise
Council officers are liaising closely with local groups.
start learning
to exchange information with someone who works in another organization or department so that you can both be more effective
assimilate
It took me a long time to assimilate when I moved from London to Madrid.
start learning
if people assimilate or are assimilated into a country or group, they become part of that group and are accepted by the people in that group
run-down
That neighbourhood is so run-down that no one wants to live there.
start learning
a building or area that is run-down is in very bad condition
master
I've been playing the piano since I was six and I've almost mastered it.
start learning
to learn a skill or a language so well that you have no difficulty with it
stretch
This job will really stretch you, but I think you'll be able to cope.
start learning
to make someone use all of their skill, abilities, or intelligence
affluent
Some of the houses in this affluent neighbourhood cost millions of pounds.
start learning
having plenty of money, nice houses, expensive things etc
allocate
We will allocate you a budget and three members of staff to work for you.
start learning
to use something for a particular purpose, give something to a particular person etc, especially after an official decision has been made
initiative
I wish my son would show more initiative.
start learning
the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do
grasp ofyour ability to understand a complicated idea, situation, or subject
start learning
She has only a limited grasp of Chinese, so she won't understand much when she gets to Beijing.
challenging
Teaching young children is a challenging and rewarding job.
start learning
difficult in an interesting or enjoyable way
mutual respect
I really like my boss and she treats me kindly
start learning
respect that two or more people have for each other
we have mutual respect.
start learning
we have mutual respect.
get over (an idea)
I was so angry I found it difficult to get over my point.
start learning
to succeed in communicating ideas or information to other people
disadvantaged
He may have been disadvantaged when he was young, but he's highly successful now.
start learning
having social problems, such as a lack of money or education, which make it difficult for you to succeed
pilot project
In the pilot project, neighbours will grow fruit and vegetables together in the communal garden areas.
start learning
a small project which is carried out as a test to see if an idea, product, etc will be successful
apprehensive
We’d been a little apprehensive about their visit.
start learning
worried or nervous about something that you are going to do, or about the future
directionless
I felt directionless and lost.
start learning
lacking a clear direction or aim
disillusioned
As she grew older, Laura became increasingly disillusioned with politics.
start learning
disappointed because you have lost your belief that someone is good, or that an idea is right
distracted
He tried to concentrate on his work, butwas distracted by the long blonde hair of the girl sitting in front of him.
start learning
anxious and unable to think clearly
engaged
I didn't feel like the interviewers were engaged with what I was saying.
start learning
paying attention and interested
Inspired
an inspired leader
start learning
having very exciting special qualities that are better than anyone or anything else
intimidated
I was shy, and felt intimidated by the older students.
start learning
feeling worried and lacking confidence because of the situation you are in or the people you are with
Motivated
The students are all highly motivated.
start learning
very keen to do something or achieve something, especially because you find it interesting or exciting
muddled
When they asked me about my examgrades, I got muddled up and gave
start learning
confused
overwhelmed
I've got so much homework to do that I feel really overwhelmed.
start learning
if work or a problem overwhelms someone, it is too much or too difficult to deal with
passive
Kathy seems to take a very passive role in the relationship.
start learning
someone who is passive tends to accept things that happen to them or things that people say to them, without taking any action
pressurised
My parents never pressurised me to go to university
start learning
feeling worried, or making you feel worried, because of the number of things you have to do
they let me do what I want.
start learning
they let me do what I want.
relieved
She looked immensely relieved when she heard the news.
start learning
feeling happy because you are no longer worried about something
self-conscious
Jerry’s pretty self-conscious about his weight.
start learning
worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you
well-supported
I have always been well-supported by my family -- both emotionally and financially.
start learning
to have enough money, emotional support, etc for what you need
Demoralising
It was really demoralising when my sixyear- old cousin beat me at chess.
start learning
reducing or destroying someone's courage or confidence
video clip
Have you seen this video clip of a cat riding a bicycle?
start learning
a short part of a film or television programme that is shown by itself, especially as an advertisement
communal
In our student accommodation, we have communal bathrooms and a communal kitchen.
start learning
shared by a group of people or animals, especially a group who live together
virtuoso
I can't believe you can play the violin so brilliantly -- you're a really virtuoso!
start learning
someone who is a very skilful performer, especially in music
not have a leg to stand on
If you didn’t sign a contract, you won’t have a leg to stand on.
start learning
to be in a situation where you cannot prove or legally support what you say
drop out
The group gets smaller as members move away or drop out.
start learning
to no longer do an activity or belong to a group
hostile
Southampton fans gave their former coach a hostile reception.
start learning
angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them
cram
Zara crammed for six hours the night before the exam, but still couldn't remember anything.
start learning
to prepare yourself for an examination by learning a lot of information quickly
figure out
I can't figure out how
start learning
to think about a problem or situation until you find the answer or understand what has happened
desperate
I had no money left and was desperate.
start learning
willing to do anything to change a very bad situation, and not caring about danger
turn someone round
The love of his new adoptive parents really turned his life around.
start learning
if a person turns around, he/she changes and starts to develop in a positive way
expel
Two girls were expelled from school for taking drugs.
start learning
to officially force someone to leave a school or organization
mutual
Mutual respect is necessary for any partnership to work.
start learning
mutual feelings such as respect, trust, or hatred are feelings that two or more people have for each other
nurture
European union is an ideal that has been nurtured since the post-war years.
start learning
to help a plan, idea, feeling etc to develop
pull yourself together
With an effort Mary pulled herself together.
start learning
to force yourself to stop behaving in a nervous, frightened, or uncontrolled way
shame
When Toby made fun of my new haircut I went red with shame.
start learning
the feeling you have when you feel guilty and embarrassed because you, or someone who is close to you, have done something wrong
rage
When I told him I had crashed his car, he flew into a rage.
start learning
a strong feeling of uncontrollable anger
rough and ready
The tests are only a rough and ready guide to a pupil’s future development.
start learning
not perfect, but good enough for a particular purpose
scheme
The money will be used for teacher training schemes.
start learning
an official plan that is intended to help people in some way, for example by providing education or training
shift
Joe listened, shifting uncomfortably from one foot to another.
start learning
to move from one place or position to another, or make something do this
skive off
Rachel got a detention for skiving off maths.
start learning
to avoid work or school by staying away or leaving without permission
substantial
We have the support of a substantial number of parents.
start learning
large in amount or number
trigger
The assassination triggered off a wave of rioting.
start learning
to make something happen very quickly, especially a series of events
instinctive
Her musical skill is completely instinctive.
start learning
based on instinct and not involving thought
aggressive
if you want to fight or attack someone Jim’s voice became aggressive.
start learning
behaving in an angry threatening way, as
hostile
Southampton fans gave their
start learning
angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them
scornful
Patrick was scornful of his younger brother's attempts to ride a bike.
start learning
feeling or showing scorn
distressed
Hannah was deeply distressed by the news.
start learning
very upset
indifferent
Sarah was absolutely indifferent to him, and it hurt.
start learning
not at all interested in someone or something
disaffected
With huge student loans to pay and few jobs, many young people feel disaffected.
start learning
not satisfied with your government, leader etc, and therefore no longer loyal to them or no longer believing they can help you
resistant
an infection that’s resistant to antibiotics
start learning
not damaged or affected by something
see eye to eye
We didn’t exactly see eye to eye.
start learning
if two people see eye to eye, they agree with each other
do as you are told
Why can't you children just do as you are told?
start learning
behave in the way someone has asked you to
get your own way
Bella is dad's favourite and he always lets her get her own way.
start learning
achieve the result you want
keep yourself to yourself
I don't like to get involved in office politics
start learning
to live a very quiet private life and not do many things that involve other people
I prefer to keep myself to myself.
start learning
I prefer to keep myself to myself.
rub people up the wrong way
Robbie always rubs people up the wrong way -- it's no wonder he has so few friends.
start learning
to annoy someone by the things you say or do, usually without intending to
on a whim
I bought these shoes on a whim, and now I've decided I don't like them.
start learning
a sudden feeling that you would like to do or have something, especially when there is no important or good reason
look up to
I've always looked up to my cousin because she's so cool and funny.
start learning
admire and respect
become close to someone
I became very close to my aunt after my uncle died.
start learning
develop a strong relationship with someone
come across as
Mr Potts can come across as rude, but really he's a very kind man.
start learning
appear to have a particular quality, when this may or may not be true
good fun
Leah is funny and popular -- she's really good fun.
start learning
enjoyable to be with because they are happy and amusing
dry sense of humour
You've got such a dry sense of humour
start learning
someone with a dry sense of humour says funny and clever things while seeming to be serious
sometimes I can't tell if you're joking.
start learning
sometimes I can't tell if you're joking.
take after someone
I take after my mum -- we both worry a lot.
start learning
to look or behave like an older relative
bond
I have a really strong bond with my pet dog.
start learning
something that unites two or more people or groups, such as love, or a shared interest or idea
underachieving
Any underachieving police officers will have to take further training.
start learning
not doing as well at school or at work as they could do if they worked harder
lump together
You can't just lump us all together -- we're individuals with different needs.
start learning
to put two or more different people or things together and consider them as a single group, sometimes wrongly
group dynamic
There is a very tense group dynamic in this classroom.
start learning
the way in which people in a group behave, react, and affect each other
misbehave
George has been misbehaving at school.
start learning
to behave badly, and cause trouble or annoy people
Despise
She despised her neighbours.
start learning
to dislike and have a low opinion of someone or something
lurk
She didn’t see the figure lurking behind the bushes.
start learning
to wait somewhere quietly and secretly, usually because you are going to do something wrong
aspect
Dealing with people is the most important aspect of my work.
start learning
one part of a situation, idea, plan etc that has many parts
awkward
I hoped he would stop asking awkward questions.
start learning
making you feel embarrassed so that you are not sure what to do or say
catch unawares
Tom caught me totally unawares when he asked me out on a date.
start learning
if something catches you unawares, it happens when you are not expecting it and are not prepared
cotton on
It took me a while to cotton on.
start learning
to begin to understand something
turn down
Thank you, I never turn down the offer of a cup of tea.
start learning
refuse
Obsessive
Please stop being so obsessive about your food -- just eat it!
start learning
thinking or worrying about something all the time, so that you do not think about other things enough – used to show disapproval
implication
What are the implications of these proposals?
start learning
a possible future effect or result of an action, event, decision etc
wear off
The effects of the anaesthetic were starting to wear off.
start learning
if pain or the effect of something wears off, it gradually stops
turn out (to be)
I can't believe it -- it turns out Sophia knew about the surprise party all along!
start learning
to happen in a particular way, or to have a particular result, especially one that you did not expect
put one's foot down
I must put my foot down
start learning
to say very firmly that someone must do something or must stop doing something
dawn on
It dawned on me that I have a better relationship with my grandparents than with my parents.
start learning
if a fact dawns on you, you realize it for the first time
simplistic
This is a very simplistic approach to the problem.
start learning
difficult subjects in a way that is too simple
tendency
Greg’s tendency to be critical made him unpopular with his co-workers.
start learning
if someone or something has a tendency to do or become a particular thing, they are likely to do or become it
subtlety
The play lacks subtlety.
start learning
the quality that something has when it has been done in a clever or skilful way, with careful attention to small details
impact
We need to assess the impact on climate change.
start learning
the effect or influence that an event, situation etc has on someone or something
be glued to
During the Olympics, I was glued to the television.
start learning
to look at something with all your attention
split up with
Danny and Kate had a massive argument and split up.
start learning
if people split up, they end a marriage or relationship with each other
can't help oneself
When I see chocolate, I can't help myself and just have to eat it.
start learning
used to say that someone is unable to change their behaviour or feelings, or to prevent themselves from doing something
take in one's stride
Lilian took the criticism in her stride and said she would try harder next time.
start learning
to not allow something to annoy, embarrass, or upset you:
go over old ground
We've had this same argument a thousand times -- do we really have to go over the same old ground?
start learning
talk about the same things
liable
The car is liable to overheat on long trips.
start learning
likely to do or say something or to behave in a particular way, especially because of a fault or natural tendency
sneak
I managed to sneak another slice of cake when no one was looking.
start learning
to quickly and secretly steal something unimportant or of little value
flatter
Perry would always flatter Mrs. Mitchell by praising her cooking.
start learning
to praise someone in order to please them or get something from them, even though you do not mean it
Astounded
She was astounded by his arrogance.
start learning
very surprised or shocked
accountable
The government should be accountable to all the people of the country.
start learning
responsible for the effects of your actions and willing to explain or be criticized for them
be woven into
start learning
past participle of weave
to put many different ideas, subjects, stories etc together and connect them smoothly
start learning
Summers at the beach are woven into my childhood memories.
a fair bit of
My brother plays a fair bit of sport but I prefer listening to music.
start learning
a reasonable amount
constructive
The meeting was very constructive.
start learning
useful and helpful, or likely to produce good results
impose limitations
You're 18 now so I can't impose limitations on you anymore.
start learning
force to accept rules
peer
American children did less well in maths than their peers in Japan.
start learning
your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc
so much the better
If they can do them both at the same time, then so much the better.
start learning
used to say that something would be even better or bring even more advantages
radical
They are proposing radical changes to the way the company is run.
start learning
a radical change or difference is very big and important
rave notice
The local ballet company received rave notices for its production of Swan Lake.
start learning
strong praise for a new play, book etc
reluctant
She gave a reluctant smile.
start learning
slow and unwilling
intend
I intend to spend the night there.
start learning
to have something in your mind as a plan or purpose
rigorous
a rigorous analysis of defence needs
start learning
careful, thorough, and exact
soft option
Leaving school at 16 isn't necessarily the soft option, because you'll have to find a job.
start learning
easy choice
fire with
After I read Dan Brown's book, I was fired with determination to write a bestseller.
start learning
made to feel interested in something and excited about it
come to terms with
I still haven't come to terms with my best friend going out with my ex-boyfriend.
start learning
to accept an unpleasant or sad situation and no longer feel upset or angry about it
demanding
The course was so demanding that I almost gave up.
start learning
needing a lot of ability, effort, or skill
transferable
I may only have a Saturday job in a café, but I'm learning transferable s
start learning
the quality of being able to move from one place, school, job etc to another
scrape through
Even though she had missed lots of classes, Helena managed to scrape through the exam and got an 'E'.
start learning
to only just succeed in passing an examination or dealing with a difficult situation
pick a fight
Toby won't change his mind so it's not worth picking a fight with him.
start learning
to deliberately start a quarrel or fight with someone
master's degree
After I graduate, I want to do a master's degree in biochemistry.
start learning
a university degree such as an MA, M.Sc. or M.S. that you can get by studying for one or two years after your first degree
work placement
In their second year, students can do a work placement and get some valuable real-life experience.
start learning
a job, usually as part of a course of study, which gives you experience of a particular type of work
Shadow
Detectives shadowed him for weeks.
start learning
to follow someone closely in order to watch what they are doing
set one's heart
start learning
to want very much to have or achieve something, or to be determined to do somethingI know you've set your heart on studying abroad, but won't you miss your friends?
against the odds
start learning
overcome difficulties which make a good result seem very unlikelyAgainst the odds Leo, the son of immigrants and from a poor neighbourhood, was accepted by Oxford University.
take someone on
start learning
to start to employ someoneAt the age of 14, my granddad was taken on by a plumbing company and trained as a plumber.
half-hearted
Congress has made half-hearted attempts at finance reform.
start learning
done without much effort and without much interest in the result
Take something in your stride
When the boss asked Judy to stay late, she took it in stride.
start learning
to not allow something to annoy, embarrass, or upset you
Competitive
Some US industries are not as competitive as they have been in the past.
start learning
determined or trying very hard to be more successful than other people or businesses
CV
Remember to include your contact details on your CV.
start learning
a short written document that lists your education and previous jobs, which you send to employers when you are looking for a job
foresee
I’ve put your name on the list
start learning
to think or know that something is going to happen in the future
Networking
I’m hoping to do some networking at the conference next week in London.
start learning
the practice of meeting other people involved in the same kind of work, to share information, support each other etc
Portfolio
You’ll need to prepare a portfolio of your work.
start learning
a large flat case used especially for carrying pictures, documents etc
vouch for
Sorry, I can't vouch for Anna because I've never met her.
start learning
to say that you believe that someone will behave well and that you will be responsible for their behaviour, actions etc
close-knit
We all get on really well in my family
start learning
a close-knit group of people is one in which everyone knows each other well and gives each other support when they need it
we're very close-knit.
start learning
we're very close-knit.
take something personally
Don’t take it personally
start learning
to get upset by the things other people say or do, because you think that their remarks or behaviour are directed at you in particular
she’s rude to everyone.
start learning
she’s rude to everyone.
make the best of something
We are stuck here, so we might as well make the best of it.
start learning
to accept a situation that is not very good, and do whatever you can to make it better
take no for an answer
I've never met someone as stubborn as Liam
start learning
accept it when somebody refuses you
he won't take no for an answer.
start learning
he won't take no for an answer.
hand in your resignation
Tomorrow I'm going to hand in my resignation, so I can start my new job in four weeks' time
start learning
officially say that you want to resign
be taken aback by
I was really taken aback when Lauren and Bill split up
start learning
to be very surprised or shocked by something
I thought there would get married!
start learning
I thought there would get married!
take no notice of
Take no notice of Geoff -- he's just being silly.
start learning
not pay attention to someone or something
take pity on
When I saw the tiny kitten I took pity on it and took it home with me.
start learning
feel sorry for someone and treat them with sympathy
take advantage of
I think your boss is taking advantage of you -- you should ask for more money if you have to work such long hours.
start learning
to treat someone unfairly in order to get what you want, especially someone who is generous or easily persuaded
high salary
I think job satisfaction is more important than a high salary.
start learning
a lot of money that you receive as payment from the organization you work for
main priority
My main priority is to find a job that I love.
start learning
the thing that you think is most important and that needs attention before anything else
tight deadlines
You can expect to have very tight deadlines if you work as a journalist.
start learning
a date or time by which you have to do or complete something, which is not long away
heavy workload
My workload is so heavy, I'm worried I won't be able to finish everything.
start learning
a large amount of work that a person or organization has to do
have an impact
My granddad was a doctor and he really had an impact on my choice of career.
start learning
have an effect or influence an event, situation etc
stand someone in good stead
Learning karate has really stood my in good stead -- I learnt about hard work, discipline and respect.
start learning
be very useful to someone when needed
snap something up
When I saw how cheap the t-shirt was, I snapped it up.
start learning
to buy something immediately, especially because it is very cheap
from all walks of life
Our club is open to people from all walks of life -- rich or poor, young or old.
start learning
every position in society
part and parcel
Writing essays and taking exams are all part and parcel of university life.
start learning
to be a necessary feature of something
crop up
way Your name kept cropping up in conversation.
start learning
if a problem crops up, it happens or appears suddenly and in an unexpected
Deceptive
Some snakes move with deceptive speed (move faster than you think or expect).
start learning
something that is deceptive seems to be one thing but is in fact very different
recruitment
Our recruitment process involves an application form, an exam and an interview.
start learning
to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc
Playfulness
The thing I love about my grandma is her playfulness, even though she's 72!
start learning
very active, happy, and wanting to have fun
additional
Additional information can be obtained from the centre.
start learning
more than what was agreed or expected
productive
Most of us are more productive in the morning.
start learning
producing or achieving a lot
competitor
Last year they sold twice as many computers as their competitors.
start learning
a person, team, company etc that is competing with another
doubtless
Doubtless there would be lots of rumours.
start learning
used when saying that something is almost certain to happen or be true
Trendy
I didn't recognise Katrina when I saw her in her new trendy clothes.
start learning
influenced by the most fashionable styles and ideas
cutting edge
The technology is this new mobile phone is cutting-edge.
start learning
the newest and most exciting stage in the development of something
fumble around for
I was fumbling around for my keys and knocked the glass off the table onto the floor.
start learning
to try to hold, move, or find something with your hands in an awkward way
favourable
Being well dressed always help to create a favourable impression.
start learning
a favourable report, opinion, or reaction shows that you think that someone or something is good or that you agree with them
feasible
I'm afraid it's not feasible to offer you a pay rise this year.
start learning
a plan, idea, or method that is feasible is possible and is likely to work
no-no
Colouring your hair was a no-no at that time.
start learning
something that you must not do because it is considered to be unacceptable behaviour
butterflies in the stomach
I always get butterflies in my stomach before I go on stage.
start learning
to feel very nervous before doing something
link
Police think the murders are linked.
start learning
if two things are linked, they are related in some way
slouch
Jimmy slouched back in his chair.
start learning
to stand, sit, or walk with a slouch
fidget
The kids had started to fidget.
start learning
to keep moving your hands or feet, especially because you are bored or nervous
long-winded
Even moderate amounts of alcohol can be dangerous.
start learning
continuing to talk for too long or using too many words in a way that is boringHis speeches tend to be rather longwinded. Moderatenot very large or very small, very hot or very cold, very fast or very slow etc
Mumble
He bumped into someone and mumbled an apology.
start learning
to say something too quietly or not clearly enough, so that other people cannot understand you
pay off
I’ll pay off all my debts first.
start learning
to give someone all the money you owe them
ramble on
My father kept rambling on about the war.
start learning
to talk or write for a long time in a way that other people find boring
safety margin
We're not completely sure how much the building work will cost, so we've saved extra money as a safety margin.
start learning
an additional amount of something such as time, money, or space that you include in order to make sure that you are successful in achieving something
slouch
Jimmy slouched back in his chair.
start learning
to stand, sit, or walk with a slouch
long-winded
His speeches tend to be rather longwinded.
start learning
continuing to talk for too long or using too many words in a way that is boring
switch off
When he started talking about football, I just switched off -- I find it so boring.
start learning
to stop listening to someone
vary
Test scores vary from school to school.
start learning
if several things of the same type vary, they are all different from each other
restless
The children had been indoors all day, and were getting restless.
start learning
unwilling to keep still or stay where you are, especially because you are nervous or bored
crash course
I'm really impatient to learn Spanish
start learning
a course in which you learn a lot about a particular subject in a very short period of time
perhaps I'll go on a crash course.
start learning
perhaps I'll go on a crash course.
be reliant on
I want to get a job so that I'm not reliant on anyone.
start learning
dependent on someone or something
in the vicinity
A tall man dressed in black was seen in the vicinity of the burglary.
start learning
in the area around a particular place
liaise
Council officers are liaising closely with local groups.
start learning
to exchange information with someone who works in another organization or department so that you can both be more effective
assimilate
It took me a long time to assimilate when I moved from London to Madrid.
start learning
if people assimilate or are assimilated into a country or group, they become part of that group and are accepted by the people in that group
run-down
That neighbourhood is so run-down that no one wants to live there.
start learning
a building or area that is run-down is in very bad condition
master
I've been playing the piano since I was six and I've almost mastered it.
start learning
to learn a skill or a language so well that you have no difficulty with it
stretch
This job will really stretch you, but I think you'll be able to cope.
start learning
to make someone use all of their skill, abilities, or intelligence
affluent
Some of the houses in this affluent neighbourhood cost millions of pounds.
start learning
having plenty of money, nice houses, expensive things etc
allocate
We will allocate you a budget and three members of staff to work for you.
start learning
to use something for a particular purpose, give something to a particular person etc, especially after an official decision has been made
initiative
I wish my son would show more initiative.
start learning
the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for someone to tell you what to do
grasp ofyour ability to understand a complicated idea, situation, or subject
start learning
She has only a limited grasp of Chinese, so she won't understand much when she gets to Beijing.
challenging
Teaching young children is a challenging and rewarding job.
start learning
difficult in an interesting or enjoyable way
mutual respect
I really like my boss and she treats me kindly
start learning
respect that two or more people have for each other
we have mutual respect.
start learning
we have mutual respect.
get over (an idea)
I was so angry I found it difficult to get over my point.
start learning
to succeed in communicating ideas or information to other people
disadvantaged
He may have been disadvantaged when he was young, but he's highly successful now.
start learning
having social problems, such as a lack of money or education, which make it difficult for you to succeed
pilot project
In the pilot project, neighbours will grow fruit and vegetables together in the communal garden areas.
start learning
a small project which is carried out as a test to see if an idea, product, etc will be successful
apprehensive
We’d been a little apprehensive about their visit.
start learning
worried or nervous about something that you are going to do, or about the future
directionless
I felt directionless and lost.
start learning
lacking a clear direction or aim
disillusioned
As she grew older, Laura became increasingly disillusioned with politics.
start learning
disappointed because you have lost your belief that someone is good, or that an idea is right
distracted
He tried to concentrate on his work, butwas distracted by the long blonde hair of the girl sitting in front of him.
start learning
anxious and unable to think clearly
engaged
I didn't feel like the interviewers were engaged with what I was saying.
start learning
paying attention and interested
Inspired
an inspired leader
start learning
having very exciting special qualities that are better than anyone or anything else
intimidated
I was shy, and felt intimidated by the older students.
start learning
feeling worried and lacking confidence because of the situation you are in or the people you are with
Motivated
The students are all highly motivated.
start learning
very keen to do something or achieve something, especially because you find it interesting or exciting
muddled
When they asked me about my examgrades, I got muddled up and gave
start learning
confused
overwhelmed
I've got so much homework to do that I feel really overwhelmed.
start learning
if work or a problem overwhelms someone, it is too much or too difficult to deal with
passive
Kathy seems to take a very passive role in the relationship.
start learning
someone who is passive tends to accept things that happen to them or things that people say to them, without taking any action
pressurised
My parents never pressurised me to go to university
start learning
feeling worried, or making you feel worried, because of the number of things you have to do
they let me do what I want.
start learning
they let me do what I want.
relieved
She looked immensely relieved when she heard the news.
start learning
feeling happy because you are no longer worried about something
self-conscious
Jerry’s pretty self-conscious about his weight.
start learning
worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you
well-supported
I have always been well-supported by my family -- both emotionally and financially.
start learning
to have enough money, emotional support, etc for what you need
Demoralising
It was really demoralising when my sixyear- old cousin beat me at chess.
start learning
reducing or destroying someone's courage or confidence
video clip
Have you seen this video clip of a cat riding a bicycle?
start learning
a short part of a film or television programme that is shown by itself, especially as an advertisement
communal
In our student accommodation, we have communal bathrooms and a communal kitchen.
start learning
shared by a group of people or animals, especially a group who live together
virtuoso
I can't believe you can play the violin so brilliantly -- you're a really virtuoso!
start learning
someone who is a very skilful performer, especially in music
not have a leg to stand on
If you didn’t sign a contract, you won’t have a leg to stand on.
start learning
to be in a situation where you cannot prove or legally support what you say
drop out
The group gets smaller as members move away or drop out.
start learning
to no longer do an activity or belong to a group
hostile
Southampton fans gave their former coach a hostile reception.
start learning
angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them
cram
Zara crammed for six hours the night before the exam, but still couldn't remember anything.
start learning
to prepare yourself for an examination by learning a lot of information quickly
figure out
I can't figure out how
start learning
to think about a problem or situation until you find the answer or understand what has happened
desperate
I had no money left and was desperate.
start learning
willing to do anything to change a very bad situation, and not caring about danger
turn someone round
The love of his new adoptive parents really turned his life around.
start learning
if a person turns around, he/she changes and starts to develop in a positive way
expel
Two girls were expelled from school for taking drugs.
start learning
to officially force someone to leave a school or organization
mutual
Mutual respect is necessary for any partnership to work.
start learning
mutual feelings such as respect, trust, or hatred are feelings that two or more people have for each other
nurture
European union is an ideal that has been nurtured since the post-war years.
start learning
to help a plan, idea, feeling etc to develop
pull yourself together
With an effort Mary pulled herself together.
start learning
to force yourself to stop behaving in a nervous, frightened, or uncontrolled way
shame
When Toby made fun of my new haircut I went red with shame.
start learning
the feeling you have when you feel guilty and embarrassed because you, or someone who is close to you, have done something wrong
rage
When I told him I had crashed his car, he flew into a rage.
start learning
a strong feeling of uncontrollable anger
rough and ready
The tests are only a rough and ready guide to a pupil’s future development.
start learning
not perfect, but good enough for a particular purpose
scheme
The money will be used for teacher training schemes.
start learning
an official plan that is intended to help people in some way, for example by providing education or training
shift
Joe listened, shifting uncomfortably from one foot to another.
start learning
to move from one place or position to another, or make something do this
skive off
Rachel got a detention for skiving off maths.
start learning
to avoid work or school by staying away or leaving without permission
substantial
We have the support of a substantial number of parents.
start learning
large in amount or number
trigger
The assassination triggered off a wave of rioting.
start learning
to make something happen very quickly, especially a series of events
instinctive
Her musical skill is completely instinctive.
start learning
based on instinct and not involving thought
aggressive
if you want to fight or attack someone Jim’s voice became aggressive.
start learning
behaving in an angry threatening way, as
hostile
Southampton fans gave their
start learning
angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them
scornful
Patrick was scornful of his younger brother's attempts to ride a bike.
start learning
feeling or showing scorn
distressed
Hannah was deeply distressed by the news.
start learning
very upset
indifferent
Sarah was absolutely indifferent to him, and it hurt.
start learning
not at all interested in someone or something
disaffected
With huge student loans to pay and few jobs, many young people feel disaffected.
start learning
not satisfied with your government, leader etc, and therefore no longer loyal to them or no longer believing they can help you
resistant
an infection that’s resistant to antibiotics
start learning
not damaged or affected by something
see eye to eye
We didn’t exactly see eye to eye.
start learning
if two people see eye to eye, they agree with each other
do as you are told
Why can't you children just do as you are told?
start learning
behave in the way someone has asked you to
get your own way
Bella is dad's favourite and he always lets her get her own way.
start learning
achieve the result you want
keep yourself to yourself
I don't like to get involved in office politics
start learning
to live a very quiet private life and not do many things that involve other people
I prefer to keep myself to myself.
start learning
I prefer to keep myself to myself.
rub people up the wrong way
Robbie always rubs people up the wrong way -- it's no wonder he has so few friends.
start learning
to annoy someone by the things you say or do, usually without intending to
on a whim
I bought these shoes on a whim, and now I've decided I don't like them.
start learning
a sudden feeling that you would like to do or have something, especially when there is no important or good reason
look up to
I've always looked up to my cousin because she's so cool and funny.
start learning
admire and respect
become close to someone
I became very close to my aunt after my uncle died.
start learning
develop a strong relationship with someone
come across as
Mr Potts can come across as rude, but really he's a very kind man.
start learning
appear to have a particular quality, when this may or may not be true
good fun
Leah is funny and popular -- she's really good fun.
start learning
enjoyable to be with because they are happy and amusing
dry sense of humour
You've got such a dry sense of humour
start learning
someone with a dry sense of humour says funny and clever things while seeming to be serious
sometimes I can't tell if you're joking.
start learning
sometimes I can't tell if you're joking.
take after someone
I take after my mum -- we both worry a lot.
start learning
to look or behave like an older relative
bond
I have a really strong bond with my pet dog.
start learning
something that unites two or more people or groups, such as love, or a shared interest or idea
underachieving
Any underachieving police officers will have to take further training.
start learning
not doing as well at school or at work as they could do if they worked harder
lump together
You can't just lump us all together -- we're individuals with different needs.
start learning
to put two or more different people or things together and consider them as a single group, sometimes wrongly
group dynamic
There is a very tense group dynamic in this classroom.
start learning
the way in which people in a group behave, react, and affect each other
misbehave
George has been misbehaving at school.
start learning
to behave badly, and cause trouble or annoy people
Despise
She despised her neighbours.
start learning
to dislike and have a low opinion of someone or something
lurk
She didn’t see the figure lurking behind the bushes.
start learning
to wait somewhere quietly and secretly, usually because you are going to do something wrong
aspect
Dealing with people is the most important aspect of my work.
start learning
one part of a situation, idea, plan etc that has many parts
awkward
I hoped he would stop asking awkward questions.
start learning
making you feel embarrassed so that you are not sure what to do or say
catch unawares
Tom caught me totally unawares when he asked me out on a date.
start learning
if something catches you unawares, it happens when you are not expecting it and are not prepared
cotton on
It took me a while to cotton on.
start learning
to begin to understand something
turn down
Thank you, I never turn down the offer of a cup of tea.
start learning
refuse
Obsessive
Please stop being so obsessive about your food -- just eat it!
start learning
thinking or worrying about something all the time, so that you do not think about other things enough – used to show disapproval
implication
What are the implications of these proposals?
start learning
a possible future effect or result of an action, event, decision etc
wear off
The effects of the anaesthetic were starting to wear off.
start learning
if pain or the effect of something wears off, it gradually stops
turn out (to be)
I can't believe it -- it turns out Sophia knew about the surprise party all along!
start learning
to happen in a particular way, or to have a particular result, especially one that you did not expect
put one's foot down
I must put my foot down
start learning
to say very firmly that someone must do something or must stop doing something
dawn on
It dawned on me that I have a better relationship with my grandparents than with my parents.
start learning
if a fact dawns on you, you realize it for the first time
simplistic
This is a very simplistic approach to the problem.
start learning
difficult subjects in a way that is too simple
tendency
Greg’s tendency to be critical made him unpopular with his co-workers.
start learning
if someone or something has a tendency to do or become a particular thing, they are likely to do or become it
subtlety
The play lacks subtlety.
start learning
the quality that something has when it has been done in a clever or skilful way, with careful attention to small details
impact
We need to assess the impact on climate change.
start learning
the effect or influence that an event, situation etc has on someone or something
be glued to
During the Olympics, I was glued to the television.
start learning
to look at something with all your attention
split up with
Danny and Kate had a massive argument and split up.
start learning
if people split up, they end a marriage or relationship with each other
can't help oneself
When I see chocolate, I can't help myself and just have to eat it.
start learning
used to say that someone is unable to change their behaviour or feelings, or to prevent themselves from doing something
take in one's stride
Lilian took the criticism in her stride and said she would try harder next time.
start learning
to not allow something to annoy, embarrass, or upset you:
go over old ground
We've had this same argument a thousand times -- do we really have to go over the same old ground?
start learning
talk about the same things
liable
The car is liable to overheat on long trips.
start learning
likely to do or say something or to behave in a particular way, especially because of a fault or natural tendency
sneak
I managed to sneak another slice of cake when no one was looking.
start learning
to quickly and secretly steal something unimportant or of little value
flatter
Perry would always flatter Mrs. Mitchell by praising her cooking.
start learning
to praise someone in order to please them or get something from them, even though you do not mean it
Astounded
She was astounded by his arrogance.
start learning
very surprised or shocked
accountable
The government should be accountable to all the people of the country.
start learning
responsible for the effects of your actions and willing to explain or be criticized for them
be woven into
start learning
past participle of weave
to put many different ideas, subjects, stories etc together and connect them smoothly
start learning
Summers at the beach are woven into my childhood memories.
a fair bit of
My brother plays a fair bit of sport but I prefer listening to music.
start learning
a reasonable amount
constructive
The meeting was very constructive.
start learning
useful and helpful, or likely to produce good results
impose limitations
You're 18 now so I can't impose limitations on you anymore.
start learning
force to accept rules
peer
American children did less well in maths than their peers in Japan.
start learning
your peers are the people who are the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc
so much the better
If they can do them both at the same time, then so much the better.
start learning
used to say that something would be even better or bring even more advantages
radical
They are proposing radical changes to the way the company is run.
start learning
a radical change or difference is very big and important
rave notice
The local ballet company received rave notices for its production of Swan Lake.
start learning
strong praise for a new play, book etc
reluctant
She gave a reluctant smile.
start learning
slow and unwilling
intend
I intend to spend the night there.
start learning
to have something in your mind as a plan or purpose
rigorous
a rigorous analysis of defence needs
start learning
careful, thorough, and exact
soft option
Leaving school at 16 isn't necessarily the soft option, because you'll have to find a job.
start learning
easy choice
fire with
After I read Dan Brown's book, I was fired with determination to write a bestseller.
start learning
made to feel interested in something and excited about it
come to terms with
I still haven't come to terms with my best friend going out with my ex-boyfriend.
start learning
to accept an unpleasant or sad situation and no longer feel upset or angry about it
demanding
The course was so demanding that I almost gave up.
start learning
needing a lot of ability, effort, or skill
transferable
I may only have a Saturday job in a café, but I'm learning transferable s
start learning
the quality of being able to move from one place, school, job etc to another

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