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Question		Answer
The electoral system a set of rules that determines how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined; start learning		ordynacja wyborcza, system wyborczy
Canton -a state of the Swiss Confederation start learning		Kanton
Allocate distribute resources, duties for a paticular purpose The government should allocate more money to medical care. start learning		Przydzielić Rząd powinien przeznaczyć więcej pieniędzy na opiekę medyczną.
Counterpart start learning		Odpowiednik
Devolution the transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration; start learning		przekazanie, cedowanie, zrzekanie się na rzecz
Federal law start learning		prawo federalne (w sensie takie, które obowiązuje w federacjach, np. w Rosji)
to trigger start learning		in a meaning: cause to happen
Referendum start learning		general vote on a single political question
Petition start learning		a formal written request, usually signed by many people in respect of a particular case
Irrespective start learning		Niezależnie, regardless of
Proportional representation an electoral system in which parties gain seats in proportion to the number of votes cast for them start learning		Reprezentacja proporcjonalna
Ballot papers start learning		Karty do głosowania
The party line start learning		linia (w znaczeniu: polityka) partii
lobby start learning		lobbyeek to influence (a legislator) on a issue, lobbować ^^, wywierać nacisk
(Reach or establish) a (broad) consensus start learning		general agreement
Influential figure start learning		Wpływowa postać
Hate figure start learning		sb regarded with contempt, hostility, hatred, especially by the general public
Prominent figure start learning		important, famous; ważna persona
Be seen as a figure of fun start learning		considered ridiculous, obiekt kpin, pośmiewisko
Call an election start learning		rozpisać, zarządzić wybory
Rig an election start learning		manage/conduct fraudulently so to gain an advantage; sfałszować, ustawić wyniki wyborów
In the run-up to the election start learning		in a period preceding a notable event; w przededniu wyborów
Go to the polls start learning		to vote; udać się do urny wyborczej
To Carry out a poll start learning		to conduct a poll
An emerging consensus start learning		becoming apparent, prominent; powstający, kształtujący się
Expose a scandal start learning		wyjawić skandal
Be mixed-up in a scandal start learning		Bądź zamieszany w skandal
cover up a scandal start learning		ukryć skandal, try to prevent people discovering the truth about serious mistake/crime; tuszować
Stand as an MP start learning		candidate to be an MP? (kandydować)
Out-spoken start learning		frank in stating one’s opinion, especially shocking or controversial
Right-wing MP start learning		Prawicowy poseł, prawicowy parlamentarzysta
Unanimous vote start learning		held/carried by everyone involved, jednomyślny głos
Cast your vote start learning		Oddać swój głos
Protest vote start learning		a vote cast in an election to demonstrate the voter's dissatisfaction with the choice of candidates or refusal of the current political system
Vote-rigging start learning		electoral fraud, oszustwo wyborcze
Alleged start learning		said, without a proof, to have taken place/have a specific undesirable quality; domniemany, rzekomy
A narrow victory start learning		won by only a small margin; nieznaczne, znikome
A landslide victory start learning		an overwhelming majority of votes for one party/candidate; walne, przytłaczając
A hollow victory start learning		without real significance, value
Claim victory start learning		say that the victory is yours
Earn peanuts start learning		earn very small amount of money
Age of retirement start learning		wiek emerytalny
A maximum wage start learning		a legal limit on how much income an individual can earn
Host an event start learning		Organizować wydarzenie, być gospodarzem
I’m a huge fan of the idea start learning		Jestem wielkim fanem tego pomysłu
I don’t really know where I stand start learning		Naprawdę nie wiem, gdzie stoję
I’m totally against it start learning		Jestem całkowicie przeciwko temu
I think the negatives far outweigh the positives start learning		Myślę, że negatywy znacznie przewyższają pozytywy
I can’t pass the judgement start learning		Nie mogę wydać wyroku
I am in favour. I just have some slight reservations start learning		Jestem za. Mam tylko niewielkie zastrzeżenia
Major doubts start learning		Główne wątpliwości
It’s ok in principle, I just think it’s unworkable start learning		Zasadniczo jest w porządku, po prostu myślę, że to nie działa
obscene start learning		morally wrong, often because it’s too large; nieprzyzwoity
push sth up start learning		make higher in level/amount
declare as part of income start learning		zadeklarować jako część dochodu
find a way round start learning		find a way of dealing with or avoiding a problem
be a recipe for a disaster start learning		to be very likely to become disaster
run up sth start learning		increase a debt by spending more
the bottom line start learning		1) final line in accounts of company/organisation, statng its total profit/loss 2) conclusion 3) the most important fact in a situation
not have a hope in hell start learning		to have no possibility of doing/achieving sth
legacy start learning		dziedzictwo
to bid start learning		to compete with sb to do sth (to bid to hold the Olympics), licytować
tenement (house) start learning		large building divided into apartments, usually in poor areas of city; dom czynszowy, kamienica czynszowa (jak w Lalce)
create division and lead to tension start learning		tworzyć podział i prowadzić do napięcia
reduce drug abuse start learning		zmniejszyć nadużywanie narkotyków
put up taxes start learning		Podatki zwiększyć
undermine (relations) start learning		make less confident/powerful/likely to suceed/weaker (often gradually); osłabiać, podkopywać
compound start learning		make a problem/difficult situation worse; pogarszać, potęgować
put a strain on sth start learning		to burden/overload sb/sth; obciążać
bankrupt The company went bankrupt overnight. start learning		niewypłacalny Firma stała się niewypłacalna z dnia na dzień.
devastate start learning		niszczyć
benefit They offer numerous benefits. start learning		zasiłek Oferują liczne korzyści.
discourage/encourage start learning		zniechęcać / zachęcać
boost start learning		improve/increase sth
housing start learning		buildings for people to live in
strengthen start learning		wzmacniać
expenses We've had some unexpected expenses this month. start learning		wydatki W tym miesiącu mieliśmy trochę nieprzewidzianych wydatków
resolve start learning		solve or end a problem/difficulty
captivity start learning		niewola
bureaucrat start learning		biurokrata
confined start learning		ograniczony
stamp on start learning		use force to stop/prevent sth you consider wrong or harmful, put a foot down on the ground hard and quickly, making a loud noise, often to show anger
gain start learning		zysk
charmingly start learning		uroczo
argue for sb’s cause start learning		argumentować za przyczyną sb
stand up for beliefs start learning		przeciwstawiać się wierzeniom
back down start learning		admit you were wrong/you have been defeated
ruthlessness start learning		cruelty, not thinking/worrying about others’ pain; bezwzgledność
charisma That man has so much charisma! His personality attracts people to him. start learning		charyzma Ten człowiek ma tyle charyzmy! Jego osobowość przyciąga ludzi.
compassion start learning		współczucie
bloke start learning		facet
account to sb for sth start learning		explain the reason of, cause of; wyjaśniać, rozliczać (jak ten premier podczas sesji z pytaniami)
poke fun start learning		make sb seem stupid by making jokes about them, laughing unkindly
hyena start learning		hiena
ritual note start learning		rytuał
mockery start learning		1) act of mocking 2) sth which seems stupid/without value; kpiny
ridicule start learning		unkind words/actions making sb/sth look stupid
historical claim start learning		roszczenie historyczne
neatly start learning		in a clever, simple way; trafnie, doskonale
slot start learning		an amount of time offically allowed for a single event; czas antenowy np.
satire start learning		satyra
champion start learning		support, defend, fight for sb/belief/right/principle enthusiastically
corruption start learning		korupcja, zepsucie
outlook start learning		general attitude, way of thinking
mark a difference start learning		oznaczyć różnicę
a moral stance start learning		a moral way of thinking, especially one expressed in publicly stated opinion
agenda start learning		1) list of things discussed during the meeting 2) things that sb/organisation considers important, wants to do/achieve; reasons to do sth
take the mickey out of sb start learning		laugh at sb, make seem silly/funny in unkind way
exploits start learning		brave, funny, unusual acts; wyczyny
entity start learning		organisation, business which has own separate legal/financial exsistence; jednostka
bury start learning		pogrzebać
cabinet He has been in the cabinet longer than either of them. start learning		gabinet On był w rządzie dłużej niż każde z nich.
quota system start learning		a voting system that gives preference to a certain group of people, such as people of particular gender or race, parytety
notably start learning		adverb used to introduced good example of sth
pioneer start learning		pionier
contributing factor start learning		czynnikiem
genocide start learning		ludobójstwo, the murder of large numbers of people belonging to a particular race
an inferior place start learning		gorsze miejsce
redress start learning		improve a bad situation that you’re responsible for by doing sth/giving money; zadośćuczynić
abolition start learning		act of completely ending sth
discriminatory law start learning		dyskryminujące prawo
gear towards start learning		prepare sth/make suitable for a particular situation, group, goal
facilitate start learning		help, make easier
make strides start learning		uczynić postępy, make progress towards a goal
detractor start learning		krytyk, critic
impose on start learning		1) introduce law and make others accept them 2) force to have same opinion; narzucać, nałożyć
hamper start learning		utrudniać, restrict, make more difficult
exert You're going to exert a lot of energy when you climb that mountain tomorrow. start learning		use influence, authority, power in order to affect/achieve sth Zużyjesz dużo energii, wspinając się jutro na tę górę.
token figure start learning		sb who is supposed to be proof that sth is done but without no real value
archaic-old, out of date start learning		archaiczny - stary, nieaktualny, przestarzały
bring about start learning		make happen; spowodować
a scope for improvement start learning		opportunity/freedom needed to so/develop sth; możliwość poprawy
precedent start learning		action/event in the past issued as an example or reason for presence; precedens
tip the balance/scales start learning		give sb/sth enough of an advantage to influence a result/decision
civil rights struggle start learning		walka o prawa obywatelskie
engage with politics start learning		angażować się w politykę
leak start learning		nieszczelność
loyal following start learning		group of people who support and admire one’s work/art
ensure We need to ensure safety to the citizens. start learning		zagwarantować Musimy zapewnić obywatelom bezpieczeństwo.
identity system start learning		system tożsamości
clutch start learning		hold tightly
stroll start learning		go/move (on foot with leisure)
gaze start learning		to look steadily and intently, as with great curiosity, interest, pleasure, or wonder; wpatrywać się
gasp start learning		say (in shock)
chatter start learning		to talk for a long time about things that are not important; ględzić
chuckle start learning		laugh (quietly); chichotać
grab The man tried to grab Deidre's bag, but she chased him away. start learning		chwycić Mężczyzna próbował chwycić torebkę Deirdre, ale przegoniła go.
giggle Every time I do something silly in class, my friends giggle. start learning		chichot Za każdym razem, gdy zrobię coś głupiego na lekcji, moi koledzy chichoczą.
glare Diana glared at the waiter after he made a rude comment to her. start learning		a long, angry look; piorunować wzrokiem
mutter Lucas was muttering under his breath because he was angry at his girlfriend. start learning		mamrotanie Lucas mamrotał pod nosem, ponieważ był zły na swoją dziewczynę.
creep start learning		pełzanie, move quietly and slowly
stare start learning		gapić
race start learning		wyścig
stagger start learning		to walk, move, or stand unsteadily; chwiać się
mumble Jarred was annoyed, so he mumbled something offensive under his breath. start learning		bełkot Jarred był poirytowany, więc wymamrotał pod nosem coś obraźliwego.
political constitution start learning		konstytucja polityczna, A political constitution is a constitution where the legislature is the main check upon executive power
biodiversity loss start learning		Utrata różnorodności biologicznej
irreversible start learning		nieodwracalny
sustainable crops start learning		zrównoważone uprawy

Test 4

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