| Question   | Answer   | 
        
        |  start learning What kind of society is represented in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer?  |  |   A small 19th-century American community with strong moral norms, religion, and hypocrisy; shows contrast between rules and children’s freedom.  |  |  | 
|  start learning Interpret The Red Badge of Courage. Why is it significant?  |  |   The “badge” is a wound symbolizing bravery. It’s key for showing war from a psychological, not heroic, perspective.  |  |  | 
|  start learning How many inflectional suffixes in English?  |  |   Eight: -s, -’s, -s (3rd sg.), -ed, -ing, -er, -est. They mark number, tense, aspect, and comparison.  |  |  | 
|  start learning What is the UK and the British Commonwealth?  |  |   The UK = England, Scotland, Wales, N. Ireland. The Commonwealth is a group of former British colonies cooperating politically and culturally.  |  |  | 
|  start learning Describe the US federal system and elections.  |  |   The USA has three branches: executive, legislative, judicial. President elected via Electoral College; Congress = Senate + House. Two main parties: Democrats and Republicans.  |  |  | 
|  start learning Describe the UK government system.  |  |   A constitutional monarchy. The monarch is symbolic; power belongs to Parliament and the Prime Minister.  |  |  | 
|  start learning Five events shaping English.  |  |   Roman invasion, Anglo-Saxon settlement, Norman Conquest, Renaissance influence, British colonization.  |  |  | 
|  1700), Modern (1700  start learning 1100), Middle English (1100 |  |  today).   1500), Early Modern (1500 |  |  | 
|  start learning 1100), Germanic, inflected, influenced by Latin and Norse. |  |   Language of Anglo-Saxons (450  |  |  | 
|  start learning Two tenth-century manuscripts.  |  |   Exeter Book (poetry, riddles) and Vercelli Book (homilies, religious texts).  |  |  | 
| start learning |  |   Heroic poem about a warrior fighting monsters; themes of courage, loyalty, fate; mix of pagan and Christian ideas.  |  |  | 
|  start learning Features of Shakespearean drama.  |  |   Complex plots, human emotions, poetic language. Blends comedy, tragedy, and history (Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet).  |  |  | 
|  start learning Regions and counties of the UK.  |  |   England, Scotland, Wales, N. Ireland; key cities: London, Edinburgh, Cardiff, Belfast; major universities: Oxford, Cambridge.  |  |  | 
|  start learning Five major historical sites in the UK.  |  |   Stonehenge, Tower of London, Westminster Abbey, Edinburgh Castle, Hadrian’s Wall.  |  |  | 
|  start learning Roman influence on the Celts.  |  |   Romans brought towns, roads, baths, architecture, and Latin culture, changing Celtic life and trade.  |  |  |