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Question		Answer
Middle Ages start learning		a time period ranging from 500 to 1500 CE
Medieval start learning		related to the Middle Ages
Monk start learning		a man who was dedicated to his religion and lived in an isolated community
Monastery start learning		a community of monks
Missionary start learning		someone who tries to convert others to a particular religion
Christendom start learning		large community of Christians spread across the world
Charlemagne start learning		Charlemagne leader of the Franks who united many European tribes in a single empire
Knight start learning		soldiers who fought on horseback
Chivalry start learning		the code of conduct in medieval Europe that showed the qualities expected of a knight, such as courage, honor, and courtesy
Fief start learning		a plot of land estate granted by a lord to a vassal
Vassal start learning		a person who is receiving something in exchange for loyalty and support. This could be a knight who received land in exchange for supporting a noble or a nobleman who received land from other noblemen in return for their services.
Feudalism start learning		Feudalism a social system in which nobles governed land farmed by peasants
William the Conqueror start learning		A French noble who conquered England in the Norman Invasion and spread the concept of feudalism
Manor start learning		a large agricultural estate that was owned by a lord or knight
Serf start learning		someone who lived and worked on a manor that could not leave without the lord’s permission, legally bound to the land
Guild start learning		Guild associations formed by groups of specialized workers, workers practicing the same craft that joined together to protect their economic interests
Excommunicate start learning		to remove someone from the church
Secular start learning		nonreligious
Crusades start learning		Crusades series of wars between Muslims and Christians over control of Palestine
Holy Land start learning		land around Palestine that is significant to Jews, Christians, and Muslims
Clergy start learning		church officials, people who are trained and ordained for religious services
Gothic start learning		Gothic new building style of the Middle Ages that combined religious symbolism with engineering advances, usually used to build cathedrals
Natural Law start learning		the belief from Thomas Aquinas that God created a law to govern how the world operated
Pilgrimage start learning		journey undertaken to workshop at a religious place
Magna Carta start learning		the Great Charter that required the King of England to respect certain rights of the people
Parliament start learning		an assembly of representatives who make laws, a law-making group that was formed to advise the King of England and limit his power
Common law start learning		a body of law that has developed from custom and from judges’ decisions rather than from laws passed by a lawmaking assembly
Hundred Years’ War start learning		Hundred Years’ War a conflict between England and France about who should be king that lasted over 100 years
Black Death start learning		a deadly plague that killed roughly 25 million Europeans between 1347 and 1351
Peasants’ Revolt start learning		Peasants’ Revolt unsuccessful revolt by peasants against feudal lords in England in 1381
Reconquista start learning		the process of the Christian kingdoms taking Spain back from the Moors
Inquisition start learning		an organization of priests that punished anyone in Spain (and later Portugal) who was not Christian

Medieval Vocabulary

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