Idiomy

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Question English Answer English
do not do sth, e.g. an exercise
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leave sth out
not include sb
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leave sb out
do sth one after another so that everyone has an opportunity to do it
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take sth in turns/ take turns at sth
Do you want to take turns at answering the telephone?
take sb's seat or position so they can take yours
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swap places with sb
do the last part of sth
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finish sth off
odłożyć na bok, przestać się czymś zajmować
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put sth away
INF decide to stop what you are doing (often work)
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call it a day
I am feeling a bit tired, I think I'll call it a day.
give sth to a person in authority, e.g. a teacher or the police
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hand sth in
give sth to each person in a group
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hand sth out / give sth out
pass sth, especially food or drink, to ppl in a group
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hand sth round
Lars, could you hand the cakes round, please?
znać się na rzeczy
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to know the ropes
to be doing sth badly and about to fail
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to be on the ropes
to start looking as it should
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to take shape
whatever happens
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come rain or shine
let's postpone it
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let's call a rain check
wspominać coś
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to have a trip down memory lane
be less respected or look stupid because of sth you have done
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lose face
He could lose face if other ppl see that he got everything wrong.
pretend not to see or notice sth, usually sth bad
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turn a blind eye to sth
The teacher turned a blind eye to some of the children's bad behaviour.
INFORMAL suddenly and unexpectedly
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out of the blue
My uncle just arrived out of the blue.
far away, but able to be seen or heard
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in the distance
We could see lights in the distance.
used to say what sb can do if nothing else they have done is successful
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if all else fails
If all else fails, I'll have to sell the car.
always
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without fail
I ring my mother every day without fail.
take care to avoid sth or sb, because it or they may cause problems
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steer / stay clear of sth
I would steer / stay clear of that place; it's not very safe.
used to emphasise a question when you are angry or surprised, or cannot think of an obvious answer
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why / how on earth
Why on earth are you shouting? Be quiet! How on earth did he pass the exam? He did no work at all.
be / become anxious or upset
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be in / get into a state
She was in a terrible state, so I decided to stay and look after her.
used to ask the reason for sth which is surprising.
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how come
how come you are here so early? Notice: the word order after how come is in statement form, although it is a question
very fast, hard, much
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like mad = flat out
I had to run like mad to catch the bus.
To experience indecision and/or conflicting emotions
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to be in two minds about sth
am in two minds about whether or not to go to the party tonight. I'm sure it will be fun, but I have a lot of work to do too. The committee is currently in two minds about a suitable punishment, but hopefully they will reach a decision in the morning.
Eventually, ultimately
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in the end
an activity, experience, or situation that is fun
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a good laugh
be rich
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be rolling in money
She’s been the managing director of the company for 10 years, so she must be rolling in it by now.
make good use of sth
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take advantage of sth
make no progress, or have no success
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get nowhere
to do sth because sb told you to do it or because it is your responsability
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be supposed to do sth = be meant to do sth
used to say what will happen, or what you will do as a result of a particular situation
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in that case
a short distance
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a stone's throw
used when you think sb is speaking with too much confidence about sth that they think will happen
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famous last words
lepiej późno niż wcale
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better late than never
early in the morning
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bright and early
make contact with sb by phone
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get through to sb
joke about sth to show you think it is not serious or important
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laugh sth off
used to say that you don't know the answer to sth
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don't ask me = search me
used to say you are pleased and relieved about sth
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thank heavens
metodą prób i błędów
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trial and error
There were lots of keys, but we found the right one by trial and error.
żyć z czegoś, to have a particular amount of money to buy food and other necessary things
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live on
I don’t know how they manage to live on £55 a week.
An exclamation of surprise or alarm. Dobry boże
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good grief!
mostly, in general, zazwycz
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in the main
The food here is good in the main. We must remember that in the main we are thinking about these designs as decoration.
Become confident or successful in a particular field or activity. odnaleźć się
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find one's feet
It was a completely new job, so it took me a while to find my feet.
You feel more affection for those you love when parted from them.
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absence makes the heart grow fonder
something difficult or unpleasent that cannot be changed and that you have to accept.
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a fact of life
Without success; futile
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in vain
I tried to convince the other board members, but my efforts were in vain, and they outvoted me.
fully; totally
całkowicie się z tobą zgadzam
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all the way
I agree with you all the way
Incidentally; on a side note. An interjection meant to casually introduce or emphasize additional information in the conversation.
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by the way
With deliberate intention; not accidentally.
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on purpose
I bet you he left his report card here on purpose so we would compliment him on his grades. I don't understand—why would you run into the bumper of another car on purpose?
to try to persuade someone to believe something that is not true, as a joke
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pull one’s leg
Is it really your car or are you pulling my leg?
something that you say when someone has asked you about something that has happened and you do not want to explain it to them because it would take too long
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it’s a long story
"So why was Carlo knocking on your door at midnight?" "It's a long story."
not very often
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once in a blue moon
My sister lives in Alaska, so I only see her once in a blue moon.
to have the same interests or opinions as someone else
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have sth in common with sb
I don’t think they’ve got much in common with their neighbours.
said when giving your opinion on something
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if you ask me
If you ask me, people should go on a training course before they become parents.
likely to happen very soon
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at any moment
They ran the risk of being shot at any moment. He'll be here to see you any moment now.
to get someone's attention
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catch one’s eye
A sudden movement caught my eye.
Having difficulty breathing normally; gasping or breathing very heavily.
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out of breath
think Tom's asthma is getting worse—he gets out of breath just going upstairs. I had to run to catch the bus, so I was totally out of breath as I sat down in my seat.
said when you think it is too soon to make a judgment about the likely result of something because a lot might still happen or change
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it’s early days
Our progress has been fairly slow so far, but it's early days.
used for saying that the time for something has not happened yet but will happen soon
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not just yet
I’m going back to New York, but not just yet.
To publicize or reveal something.
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go public
used for saying that you are pleased that something has happened because it prevents something bad from happening
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be a good thing that
It’s a good thing you called – Mom was starting to get worried.
very close to where someone is or lives
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on the doorstep
There's a lovely park right on our doorstep.
at the last possible chance; in the last few minutes, hours, or days. (Often an exaggeration.)
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at the last minute
Please don't make reservations at the last minute. Why do you ask all your questions at the last minute?
someone who is extremely anxious or tense.
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be a bag of nerves
When her relationship started getting serious, she became a bag of nerves.
to express someone's good feelings to someone else
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send one’s love to sb
Maggie sends her love to you and the kids.
avoid someone
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keep out of one’s way
He tried to keep out of her way at school.
people with a lot of energy or fresh ideas who are brought into an organization in order to improve it
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new blood
The new blood in the team should improve our chances of victory in next week's game.
There is no possibility of that.
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no chance
concerning; in respect of
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as regards
As regards content, the programme will cover important current issues.
used to show that you agree very strongly with what has been said
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I’ll say
"Does he eat a lot?" "I'll say!"
sed at the end of a letter to a friend, a member of your family, or someone you love
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lots of love
Of goods or merchandise, to be acquired by illegal or dubious means; to come into (someone's) possession without being paid for. Primarily heard in UK.
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fall off the back of a lorry
Danny says he has several laptops and smartphones he wants to sell for cheap—sounds like they fell off the back of a lorry to me.
said in order to prevent a confident statement from bringing bad luck.
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to touch wood
The deal will be agreed on Wednesday, touch wood.
having just finished or sold all of something
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be fresh out of sth
We’re fresh out of oranges, would you like an apple?
about or concerning (something or someone): in relation to
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with reference to
I have something further to add with reference to what was said earlier. The course covers ancient history with special reference to the Roman Empire.
INFORMAL (business, sb's situation, etc.), get better
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look up
Business was bad, but now things are looking up.
INFORMAL arrive in a place where sb is waiting for you
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show up
She didn't show up till the next morning.
phrasal verbs with no object for ex. check in
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intransitive
write sth on paper
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write sth down
She wrote his name down. She wrote down his name. BUT: She wrote down everything she could remember about him. AND She wrote it down.
look for information in a book or online
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look sth up
invent a story or an explanation for sth
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make sth up
put on a piece of clothing to see if it fits or looks good on you.
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try sth on
phrasal verbs which can be separated by an object for ex. write sth down
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transitive, separable
phrasal verbs which cannot be separated by an object for ex. look into something
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transitive, inseparable
take care of or be responsible for sb/sth
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look after sb/sth
investigate and try to discover the facts about sth e.g. a crime, a problem
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look into sth
meet sb or find sth by chance
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come across
I came across the word in an article.
represent or mean
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stand for sth
What does WWW stand for?
spend time with sb and have a romantic relationship with them
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go out with sb
reduce the amount of sth that you eat, spend, use etc.
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cut back on sth
I must cut back on sweets to try and lose weight.
return sth to where it was originally
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put sth back
I put the book back on the shelf.
continue for too long
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drag on
The meeting dragged on for hours.
continue with an activity for a period of time
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carry on doing sth
I carried on painting while the light was still good.
repeat sth many times, often in an annoying way
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keep on doing sth
Michael’s very annoying, he keeps on taking my pens.
continue doing sth, often after an interruption
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get on with sth
Be quite and get on with your work.
continue enjoying yourself, studying, or working in a place, often after others have left
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stay on
The weather was great, so we stayed on for a couple more days.
continue driving
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drive on
We drove on for several kilometres.
continues without changing
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go on
The traffic noise goes on all night. He went on and on about his car = talked about his car for a long time in a boring way.
pass from doing the first exercise to doing the next one. (x2)
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go on to sth/ move on to sth
go to an airport, station etc. with sb in order to say goodbye to them.
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see sb off
My sister was going skiing and I went to the airport to see her off.
(of a plane) leave the ground
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take off
When we got there it was snowing heavily, and the plane couldn’t take off, so we had to come home.
(often passive) separate from sth else, so it is so difficult to leave or enter
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cut off
By the morning the snow was very deep, and we were cut off from the rest of the village.
remove sth from sth larger by cutting it
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cut sth off sth
leave a place, especially in order to do sth
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go off
I went off to do some shopping.
INFORMAL 1. spend time doing sth or repairing sth in a relaxed way 2. do sth or use sth in a careless or annoying way
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mess about/ around (with sth)
1. I left my husband messing about with his motorbike.
relax, enjoy yourself and do nothing
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laze around/ about
Boys lazed around in the garden.
(of a number of things) be left in a place, usually untidily or where they shouldn’t be
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lie around/ about
When I got back, there were tools lying around everywhere, and Mike and the boys had disappeared.
INFORMAL spend time in a place doing nothing
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hang around/ about
There were some boys hanging around the school entrance.
INFORMAL go away (often used angrily as a command)
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clear off
The boy was messing about with other pupils’ bikes, so I told them to clear off.
experience and survive sth very difficult
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live through
His father has lived through two wars.
look through sth quickly, without reading it
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flick through
I flicked through his new book
look at the pages of sth, reading it only in part
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look through
I looked through your report yesterday.
continue sleeping while there is a lot of noise around you
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sleep through
I managed to sleep through the storm.
1. ring 2. stopped working 3. exploded
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go off
1. The alarm goes off at 5:00. 2. The light suddenly went off. 3. The bomb went off.
dressed myself
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put sth on
I put my best suit on.
zapalić światło, włączyć coś (3)
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put sth on / turn sth on / switch sth on
1. I put the light on.
1. stop working 2. start crying
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break down
1. The car broke down. 2. She broke down at the news.
become lower
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go down
Prices went down by 10 per cent. The sun's going down.
1. fasten 2. redecorating
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do up
1. I can't do this zip up. 2. They're doing the flat up.
1. arrive 2. be found by chance
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turn up
1. When did they turned up? 2. Look! My ring's turned up.
1. związać 2. very busy
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tie up
1. They tied him up. 2. She's tied up at the moment (used in passive).
things you should and shouldn't do
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dos and don'ts
speak in a way that others can understand
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make yourself understood
enjoy sth or use sth as much as you can
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make the most of sth
learn sth by reading or hearing it repeatedly until you remember it exactly
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learn sth (off) by heart
(say/ read sth) so that others can hear it
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(say/ hear sth) out loud
not do sth on time, and then have more to do later
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get behind with sth
reach the level of others who are more advanced
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catch up with sb
stop trying to do sth or accept that you cannot do sth
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give up
continue with sth even though it is difficult
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stick at sth
achieve sth after a period of work or efford
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get there
improve your knowledge or skill in sth, especially when you have not used it for a period of time
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brush up on sth /brush sth up
manage to understand sth
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make sense of sth
I find it quite hard to make sense of the Present Perfect in English
make progress at the same speed as others
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keep up with sth
(of information or experience) be remembered or understood
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sink in
continue to concentrate on sth
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keep one's mind on sth
try hard to remember sth
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rack one's brains (brain)
sb remembers information
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information comes back to sb
When I practise speaking, I find that lots of words come back to me.
be sure that you know it, but you can't remember it at that moment
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sth is on the tip of one's tongue
to forget sth quickly
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sth goes in one ear and out the other
continue to do sth as well as you are doing it now
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keep sth up
I think I am doing really well in English, but I need to keep it up.
learn sth without making a big effort
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pick sth up
manage to control or deal with sth (x2)
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get on top of sth /get to grips with sth
develop a particular habit
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get into the habit of doing sth
look at or study notes, papers etc. (x2)
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go through sth /go over sth
INFORMAL become so involved with the details of sth that you can't make any progress
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get bogged down in sth
solve a problem by considering the facts
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work sth out
hope for good luck or success
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keep one's fingers crossed
INFORMAL it's not the worst thing that could happen
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it's not the end of the world
begin to do sth and give serious attention to it
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get down to sth
try as hard as possible to achieve sth (x3)
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do one's best /try one's best /do sth to the best of one's ability
to wish someone luck for an exam
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The best of luck!
go to bed later than usual
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stay up
look at or watch sth while doing sth else
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keep /have one eye on sth
use all of sth and have no more left
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run out of sth
talk or write about one particular thing only (x2)
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stick to sth /keep to sth
not be able to continue with sth because it is too hard
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get stuck on sth
not include sth or fail to include sth (x2)
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miss sth out /leave sth out
unable to remember the answer to a question
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go blank
take air into your lungs
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breathe in
read sth to check details and look for mistakes
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read through sth

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