Chemia TEST

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Question English Answer English
enthalpy
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energy required to break the bond
Intermolecular forces
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- permanent dipole-dipole interaction - induced dipole - dipole forces - London forces
Dipole-dipole forces
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- different or same molecules. - permanent
Hydrogen bonds
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very strong, NOT Van der Waals, 2 conditions (the electonegative element must have at least one lone pair, hydrogen atom must be attached to a highly electronegative atom)
London forces
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- weak and only for a second - 17 and 18 group mostly
covalent bond
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electrostatic force of attraction between the shared pairs and the positively charged nuclei
ligands
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te atomy z boku
lattice enthalpy
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energy required to break one mole of a solid compound into ions in the gas phase
Ions
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not volatile (nie lotne), in solid state they don't conduct electricity, in liquid yes, soluble mostly
the lower the ia
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the weaker the compound
Formal charge
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=n wal - 1/2 bond - wolne electr
hybridization
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sp3 - sigma bonds, sp2 - pi bond, trigonal planar, sp3 - two pi bonds, linear
Metalic bond
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force of electrostatic attraction between the lattice of cations and demoralized electrons
the smaller and more positive the ion
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the stronger the bond
high melting point
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strong metal
bonding triangle
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average and delta
alloys might have different properties
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different packaging of the cations in the lattice
alloys are
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stronger more resistant to corrosion
steel
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iron and carbon
bronze medal
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copper and sn (tin)
brass
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copper zinc

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