Physics RMS 2016

 0    43 flashcards    katiekennedy
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Question Answer
Motion
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The state in which one object’s distance from another is changing.
Reference Point
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A place or object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion.
Distance
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the measurement from one place to another.
Speed
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The distance an object travels per unit of time.
Average Speed
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The overall rate of speed at which an object moves; calculated by dividing the total distance an object travels by the total time.
Velocity
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Speed in a given direction.
Slope
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The steepness of a line on a graph, equal to its vertical change divided by its horizontal change.
Acceleration
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The rate at which velocity changes.
Force
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A push or pull exerted on an object.
Newton
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A unit of measure that equals the force required to accelerate 1 kilogram of mass at 1 meter per second per second.
Net Force
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The overall force on an object when all the individual forces acting on it are added together.
Unbalanced Forces
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Forces that produce a nonzero net force, which changes an object’s motion.
Balanced Forces
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Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions.
Friction
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The force that one surface exerts on another when the two surfaces rub against each other.
Static Friction
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Friction that acts on objects that are not moving.
Sliding Friction
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Friction that occurs when one solid surface slides over another.
Rolling Friction
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Friction that occurs when an object rolls over a surface.
Fluid Friction
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Friction that occurs as an object moves through a fluid.
Gravity
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The force that pulls objects towards each other and to earth.
Mass
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The amount of matter in an object.
Air Resistance
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The fluid friction experienced by objects falling through the air.
Inertia
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The tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion.
Momentum
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The product of an object’s mass and velocity.
Work
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Force exerted on an object that causes it to move.
Input Force
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The force exerted on a machine.
Output Force
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The force exerted on an object by a machine.
Ideal Mechanical Advantage
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a machine with an efficiency of 100%
Actual (real) Mechanical Advantage
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the measurement of mechanical advantage of a machine. It’s always less than 100% because of work wasted due to friction.
Efficiency
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The percentage of the input work that is converted to output work.
Newton’s First Law of Motion
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An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object moving at a constant velocity will continue moving at a constant velocity, unless it is acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
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Acceleration depends on the object’s mass and on the net force acting on the object.
Energy
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the ability to cause changes in matter. It changes form and is never used up.
Electromagnetic Waves
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waves that carry electric or magnetic energy through outer space.
Constant Speed
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an object’s speed does not increase or decrease, it stays the same.
Variable Motion
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different distances traveled in equal times.
Kinetic Energy
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The energy of an object in motion.
Potential Energy
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The energy that’s stored in a stationary object.
Electrical Circuit
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A path that electrons from a voltage or current flow.
Incline Plane
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a simple machine that has a sloped, flat surface.
Pulley
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a simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it.
Lever
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A simple machine that consists of a rigid bar that pivots about a fixed point.
Wheel and Axle
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A simple machine that consists of two attached circular objects that rotate around a common axis.
Compound Machine
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A device that combines 2 or more simple machines.

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