→ Advanced English (2) • NOUNS • 'G' → Start Learning / Download MP3 Flashcards

Question		Answer
gown noun [C ] C2 • synonyms: dress, robe, garment • evening/wedding gown; academic/medical/judicial gown; wear a gown; cap and gown • freq in AmE: 6/10 The bride’s gown was made of silk and lace. \| 2. Graduates walked across the stage in caps and gowns. \| 3. The surgeon adjusted her sterile gown before the operation. \| 4. The judge entered the courtroom in a black gown. start learning		suknia (wieczorowa, ślubna), szlafrok, toga (akademicka, sędziowska), fartuch (lekarski) a long, formal dress worn on special occasions; also, a loose-fitting robe worn for academic, legal, or medical purposes Suknia panny młodej była z jedwabiu i koronki. \| 2. Absolwenci przeszli przez scenę w biretach i togach. \| 3. Chirurg poprawiła swój sterylny fartuch przed operacją. \| 4. Sędzia wszedł na salę rozpraw w czarnej todze.
grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: control, command, hold • have/get/lose/regain a grip on something; firm/tenuous grip; grip on reality/emotions/situation • freq in AmE: 7/10 She has a strong grip on the company's finances. \| 2. The situation is spiraling out of control — we need to get a grip. \| 3. He lost his grip on reality after the accident. start learning		kontrola, panowanie (nad sytuacją, emocjami, rzeczywistością) a firm hold or control over something — physical, emotional, cognitive, or situational; the ability to manage, understand, or dominate a condition or process Ma pełną kontrolę nad finansami firmy. \| 2. Musimy odzyskać panowanie nad sytuacją. \| 3. Po wypadku stracił kontakt z rzeczywistością.
have a grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: control, understanding, command • have/get/lose/regain a grip on something; firm/tenuous grip; grip on reality/emotions/situation • freq in AmE: 7/10 The government seems to have no grip on the crisis. \| 2. Have you got a grip over the situation? start learning		mieć nad czymś kontrolę, panować nad czymś (emocjonalnie, poznawczo lub sytuacyjnie) to have control, understanding, or mastery over a situation, concept, or emotion; to be able to manage or comprehend something effectively Rząd zdaje się nie panować nad kryzysem. \| 2. Czy masz kontrolę nad sytuacją?
keep your grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: maintain control, stay composed • keep your grip on reality/emotions/situation; keep grip on power/control; struggle/fight to keep grip • freq in AmE: 6/10 You need to keep your grip on the situation before it escalates. \| 2. She struggled to keep her grip on reality during the crisis. start learning		utrzymywać kontrolę nad czymś, nie tracić panowania (emocjonalnego, poznawczego lub sytuacyjnego) to maintain control, stability, or understanding of something — especially in challenging, volatile, or emotionally intense situations Musisz zachować kontrolę nad sytuacją, zanim wymknie się spod kontroli. \| 2. W czasie kryzysu z trudem utrzymywała kontakt z rzeczywistością.
loosen your grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: relax control, release influence • loosen your grip on something; loosen grip on power/authority/team; gradually/reluctantly loosen grip • freq in AmE: 6/10 Parents sometimes struggle to loosen their grip on their children’s choices. start learning		rozluźniać kontrolę nad czymś, oddawać wpływ, pozwalać na większą swobodę to reduce or relax control, influence, or dominance over something; to allow more freedom, flexibility, or autonomy in a situation, system, or relationship Rodzicom czasami trudno jest odciąć się od decyzji podejmowanych przez ich dzieci.
lose your grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: lose control, unravel, destabilize • lose your grip on reality/emotions/situation; gradually/completely lose grip; lose grip on power/market • freq in AmE: 6/10 He completely lost his grip on reality after the accident. \| 2. The company is losing its grip on the market. \| 3. She feared she was losing her grip on her emotions. start learning		tracić kontrolę nad czymś, przestawać panować nad czymś (emocjonalnie, poznawczo lub sytuacyjnie) to lose control, stability, or understanding of something — whether emotional, cognitive, situational, or relational; often implies a breakdown, disorientation, or inability to manage Po wypadku całkowicie stracił kontakt z rzeczywistością. \| 2. Firma traci kontrolę nad rynkiem. \| 3. Bała się, że przestaje panować nad własnymi emocjami.
tighten your grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: increase control, assert dominance • tighten your grip on something; tighten grip on power/media/data; firm/tighter grip • freq in AmE: 6/10 Tech giants are tightening their grip on user data. start learning		zacieśniać kontrolę nad czymś, zwiększać wpływ lub dominację to increase control, dominance, or influence over something; to become more assertive, strict, or forceful in managing a situation, person, or system Giganci technologiczni coraz bardziej dominują w obszarze danych użytkowników.
groaner noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: dad joke, pun, clunker, corny joke • (crack/tell/laugh at a groaner); classic groaner pun; painful groaner moment • freq in AmE: 5/10 "I used to be a banker, but I lost interest." — classic groaner. start learning		suchar, żart tak słaby, że aż boli a joke or pun so predictable, awkward, or painfully unfunny that it elicits groans rather than laughter; often used affectionately or mockingly to describe low-effort humor that’s endearing in its failure "Kiedyś pracowałem w banku, ale straciłem zainteresowanie." — klasyczny angielski suchar.
grid noun [C ] C1 motorsport term (also starting grid) • synonyms: starting lineup, race field • pole position on the grid; back of the grid; 20-car grid • freq in AmE: 6/10 The grid is packed with top-tier talent this season. \| 2. There are 20 drivers on the grid for today’s Grand Prix. \| 3. He secured pole position on the grid. start learning		pole startowe, ustawienie startowe, stawka wyścigu the starting arrangement of cars in a race, typically organized in rows based on qualifying times; also refers to the lineup of competitors in a given event Stawka w tym sezonie jest wyjątkowo mocna. \| 2. W dzisiejszym wyścigu wystartuje 20 kierowców. \| 3. Zajął pierwsze miejsce na polu startowym.
grub noun [C ] C2 slang US • synonyms: slob, pig, mess • be a grub; call someone a grub; act like a grub; grub who never showers/cleans; grub roommate; grub habits • freq in AmE: 4/10 He’s such a grub — never showers and wears the same clothes every day. \| 2. Don’t be a grub, clean up after yourself. start learning		brudas, flejtuch, niechluj a dirty, messy, or slovenly person; often used to criticize someone’s hygiene, appearance, or living habits in a dismissive or mocking way Jest takim flejtuchem — nigdy się nie myje i chodzi w tych samych ciuchach. \| 2. Nie bądź brudasem, posprzątaj po sobie.
growling noun [U ] C1 • synonyms: rumble, snarl, grumble • dog’s growling; growling stomach; growling engine; growling voice • freq in AmE: 6/10 The dog’s growling warned us to stay back. \| 2. His stomach was growling during the meeting. start learning		pomrukiwanie, warczenie, burczenie (w brzuchu, w głosie, w silniku) a low, rumbling sound made by animals (especially dogs) to signal threat or discomfort; also used to describe similar human or mechanical noises expressing irritation, hunger, or tension Warczenie psa ostrzegało, by się nie zbliżać. \| 2. Podczas spotkania burczało mu w brzuchu.
groundswell noun [S ] C2 • synonyms: surge, uprising, wave of support/opinion • groundswell of support/anger/resistance; growing/massive groundswell • freq in AmE: 5/10 There’s a growing groundswell of support for climate action. \| 2. The movement began as a grassroots effort but soon turned into a national groundswell. \| 3. A groundswell of outrage followed the court’s decision. start learning		narastająca fala (poparcia, oburzenia), oddolny ruch społeczny a rapid and spontaneous increase in public support, emotion, or opinion — often leading to significant change or pressure on institutions Rośnie fala poparcia dla działań na rzecz klimatu. \| 2. Ruch zaczął się lokalnie, ale szybko przerodził się w ogólnokrajowy zryw. \| 3. Decyzja sądu wywołała falę oburzenia.
gem noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: treasure, jewel, standout • hidden gem/person/book/place; be/find/describe something as a gem • freq in AmE: 7/10 That little café is a hidden gem in the neighborhood. \| 2. The book is a gem of insight and storytelling. start learning		perełka, klejnot (w przenośni), coś wyjątkowego someone or something considered precious, admirable, or outstanding in quality; often used to describe people, places, ideas, or objects that stand out as rare, delightful, or unexpectedly valuable Ta kawiarnia to prawdziwa perełka w okolicy. \| 2. Książka to perełka pełna wnikliwości i pięknej narracji.
gem noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: jewel, precious stone, crystal • gem necklace/crown/mine; cut/set/discover a gem • freq in AmE: 6/10 She wore a necklace with a sparkling gem at its center. \| 2. The crown was adorned with rare gems from around the world. start learning		kamień szlachetny, klejnot a precious or semi-precious stone, especially when cut and polished for use in jewelry; valued for its beauty, rarity, and durability — includes diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and others Miała na szyi naszyjnik z błyszczącym kamieniem szlachetnym. \| 2. Korona była ozdobiona rzadkimi klejnotami z całego świata.
goodwill noun [U ] C1 • synonyms: kindness, trust, reputation • build/extend/damage goodwill; public/diplomatic/corporate goodwill; gesture/reservoir/loss of goodwill • freq in AmE: 7/10 The company donated as a gesture of goodwill. \| 2. The company's assets are worth $200 million, plus goodwill. \| 3. Diplomatic goodwill helped ease tensions between the nations. start learning		dobra wola, życzliwość; reputacja, renoma firmy (w biznesie) a feeling of kindness, trust, or benevolence toward others; in business, the intangible value of reputation, customer loyalty, and brand strength Firma przekazała darowiznę jako gest dobrej woli. \| 2. Wartość aktywów spółki wynosi 200 milionów dolarów plus renoma. \| 3. Dyplomatyczna dobra wola pomogła złagodzić napięcia między państwami.
gorge noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: canyon, chasm, ravine • deep/rocky/dramatic gorge; hike/descend/admire a gorge • freq in AmE: 5/10 We hiked through a breathtaking gorge carved by centuries of water. \| 2. There’s a growing gorge between their values and ours. start learning		wąwóz, przepaść, rozpadlina (dosłownie i metaforycznie) a deep, narrow valley with steep rocky sides, often with a river running through it; metaphorically, a dramatic emotional or physical chasm, or a sense of overwhelming fullness Wędrowaliśmy przez zapierający dech wąwóz wyrzeźbiony przez wodę. \| 2. Między ich wartościami a naszymi rośnie przepaść.
ground transportation noun [U ] C1 TRANSPORT • synonyms: land transport, surface travel • ground transportation to/from airport; rely on ground transportation; ground transportation delays/options/logistics • freq in AmE: 6/10 The hotel offers free ground transportation to and from the airport. start learning		transport naziemny, komunikacja lądowa transportation that takes place on land, typically including cars, buses, trains, and other vehicles that operate on roads or rails — as opposed to air or sea travel Hotel oferuje bezpłatny transport naziemny z i na lotnisko.
gills noun [plural ] C1 biological–idiomatic • synonyms: respiratory organs, slits • fish/shark gills; gills flare/filter water; idiom: up to the gills with work/emotion/debt; lungs become gills; freq in AmE: 5/10 The fish breathes through its gills, extracting oxygen from water. start learning		skrzela the respiratory organs of fish and some amphibians, allowing them to extract oxygen from water; also used metaphorically and idiomatically to describe being overwhelmed, saturated, or full Ryba oddycha przez skrzela, pobierając tlen z wody.
glare noun [C or U ] C2 • synonyms: blaze, dazzle, beam • glare of sun/headlights/screen; shield/squint/shrink from glare; harsh/blinding glare; glare of fame/scrutiny/truth • freq in AmE: 6/10 He shielded his eyes from the glare of the sun. \| 2. The glare from the screen made it hard to concentrate. \| 3. The celebrity lived under the constant glare of public attention. start learning		oślepiające światło, blask a strong, harsh, or dazzling light that makes it difficult to see; often associated with discomfort, exposure, or artificial brightness Zasłonił oczy przed oślepiającym światłem słońca. \| 2. Blask ekranu utrudniał skupienie. \| 3. Celebryta żył w nieustannym blasku medialnej uwagi.
glare noun [C ] C2 • synonyms: stare, scowl, glower • cold/hostile/piercing glare; glare at someone; glare of judgment/rejection; meet/return/shrink from glare; freq in AmE: 6/10 She met his cold glare with quiet defiance. \| 2. He gave me a hostile glare and walked away. \| 3. The room fell silent under the glare of the professor. start learning		gniewne spojrzenie, przeszywające spojrzenie a fierce, angry, or piercing look — often silent and intense, used to express disapproval, hostility, or emotional tension Odpowiedziała na jego zimne spojrzenie cichym oporem. \| 2. Rzucił mi wrogie spojrzenie i odszedł. \| 3. Sala zamilkła pod przeszywającym spojrzeniem profesora.
glee noun [U ] C1 • synonyms: joy, delight, mirth • with/in/full of glee; childish/wicked/visible glee; squeal/grin/dance with glee; glee and laughter/triumph/mischief; glee at someone’s failure • freq in AmE: 4/10 The children squealed with glee as the snow began to fall. start learning		radość, uciecha, triumfalna satysfakcja great delight or joy, often expressed openly — sometimes with a hint of mischievousness or triumph Dzieci piszczały z radości, gdy zaczął padać śnieg.

Question		Answer
gown noun [C ] C2 • synonyms: dress, robe, garment • evening/wedding gown; academic/medical/judicial gown; wear a gown; cap and gown • freq in AmE: 6/10 The bride’s gown was made of silk and lace. \| 2. Graduates walked across the stage in caps and gowns. \| 3. The surgeon adjusted her sterile gown before the operation. \| 4. The judge entered the courtroom in a black gown. start learning		suknia (wieczorowa, ślubna), szlafrok, toga (akademicka, sędziowska), fartuch (lekarski) a long, formal dress worn on special occasions; also, a loose-fitting robe worn for academic, legal, or medical purposes Suknia panny młodej była z jedwabiu i koronki. \| 2. Absolwenci przeszli przez scenę w biretach i togach. \| 3. Chirurg poprawiła swój sterylny fartuch przed operacją. \| 4. Sędzia wszedł na salę rozpraw w czarnej todze.
grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: control, command, hold • have/get/lose/regain a grip on something; firm/tenuous grip; grip on reality/emotions/situation • freq in AmE: 7/10 She has a strong grip on the company's finances. \| 2. The situation is spiraling out of control — we need to get a grip. \| 3. He lost his grip on reality after the accident. start learning		kontrola, panowanie (nad sytuacją, emocjami, rzeczywistością) a firm hold or control over something — physical, emotional, cognitive, or situational; the ability to manage, understand, or dominate a condition or process Ma pełną kontrolę nad finansami firmy. \| 2. Musimy odzyskać panowanie nad sytuacją. \| 3. Po wypadku stracił kontakt z rzeczywistością.
have a grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: control, understanding, command • have/get/lose/regain a grip on something; firm/tenuous grip; grip on reality/emotions/situation • freq in AmE: 7/10 The government seems to have no grip on the crisis. \| 2. Have you got a grip over the situation? start learning		mieć nad czymś kontrolę, panować nad czymś (emocjonalnie, poznawczo lub sytuacyjnie) to have control, understanding, or mastery over a situation, concept, or emotion; to be able to manage or comprehend something effectively Rząd zdaje się nie panować nad kryzysem. \| 2. Czy masz kontrolę nad sytuacją?
keep your grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: maintain control, stay composed • keep your grip on reality/emotions/situation; keep grip on power/control; struggle/fight to keep grip • freq in AmE: 6/10 You need to keep your grip on the situation before it escalates. \| 2. She struggled to keep her grip on reality during the crisis. start learning		utrzymywać kontrolę nad czymś, nie tracić panowania (emocjonalnego, poznawczego lub sytuacyjnego) to maintain control, stability, or understanding of something — especially in challenging, volatile, or emotionally intense situations Musisz zachować kontrolę nad sytuacją, zanim wymknie się spod kontroli. \| 2. W czasie kryzysu z trudem utrzymywała kontakt z rzeczywistością.
loosen your grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: relax control, release influence • loosen your grip on something; loosen grip on power/authority/team; gradually/reluctantly loosen grip • freq in AmE: 6/10 Parents sometimes struggle to loosen their grip on their children’s choices. start learning		rozluźniać kontrolę nad czymś, oddawać wpływ, pozwalać na większą swobodę to reduce or relax control, influence, or dominance over something; to allow more freedom, flexibility, or autonomy in a situation, system, or relationship Rodzicom czasami trudno jest odciąć się od decyzji podejmowanych przez ich dzieci.
lose your grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: lose control, unravel, destabilize • lose your grip on reality/emotions/situation; gradually/completely lose grip; lose grip on power/market • freq in AmE: 6/10 He completely lost his grip on reality after the accident. \| 2. The company is losing its grip on the market. \| 3. She feared she was losing her grip on her emotions. start learning		tracić kontrolę nad czymś, przestawać panować nad czymś (emocjonalnie, poznawczo lub sytuacyjnie) to lose control, stability, or understanding of something — whether emotional, cognitive, situational, or relational; often implies a breakdown, disorientation, or inability to manage Po wypadku całkowicie stracił kontakt z rzeczywistością. \| 2. Firma traci kontrolę nad rynkiem. \| 3. Bała się, że przestaje panować nad własnymi emocjami.
tighten your grip on something collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: increase control, assert dominance • tighten your grip on something; tighten grip on power/media/data; firm/tighter grip • freq in AmE: 6/10 Tech giants are tightening their grip on user data. start learning		zacieśniać kontrolę nad czymś, zwiększać wpływ lub dominację to increase control, dominance, or influence over something; to become more assertive, strict, or forceful in managing a situation, person, or system Giganci technologiczni coraz bardziej dominują w obszarze danych użytkowników.
groaner noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: dad joke, pun, clunker, corny joke • (crack/tell/laugh at a groaner); classic groaner pun; painful groaner moment • freq in AmE: 5/10 "I used to be a banker, but I lost interest." — classic groaner. start learning		suchar, żart tak słaby, że aż boli a joke or pun so predictable, awkward, or painfully unfunny that it elicits groans rather than laughter; often used affectionately or mockingly to describe low-effort humor that’s endearing in its failure "Kiedyś pracowałem w banku, ale straciłem zainteresowanie." — klasyczny angielski suchar.
grid noun [C ] C1 motorsport term (also starting grid) • synonyms: starting lineup, race field • pole position on the grid; back of the grid; 20-car grid • freq in AmE: 6/10 The grid is packed with top-tier talent this season. \| 2. There are 20 drivers on the grid for today’s Grand Prix. \| 3. He secured pole position on the grid. start learning		pole startowe, ustawienie startowe, stawka wyścigu the starting arrangement of cars in a race, typically organized in rows based on qualifying times; also refers to the lineup of competitors in a given event Stawka w tym sezonie jest wyjątkowo mocna. \| 2. W dzisiejszym wyścigu wystartuje 20 kierowców. \| 3. Zajął pierwsze miejsce na polu startowym.
grub noun [C ] C2 slang US • synonyms: slob, pig, mess • be a grub; call someone a grub; act like a grub; grub who never showers/cleans; grub roommate; grub habits • freq in AmE: 4/10 He’s such a grub — never showers and wears the same clothes every day. \| 2. Don’t be a grub, clean up after yourself. start learning		brudas, flejtuch, niechluj a dirty, messy, or slovenly person; often used to criticize someone’s hygiene, appearance, or living habits in a dismissive or mocking way Jest takim flejtuchem — nigdy się nie myje i chodzi w tych samych ciuchach. \| 2. Nie bądź brudasem, posprzątaj po sobie.
growling noun [U ] C1 • synonyms: rumble, snarl, grumble • dog’s growling; growling stomach; growling engine; growling voice • freq in AmE: 6/10 The dog’s growling warned us to stay back. \| 2. His stomach was growling during the meeting. start learning		pomrukiwanie, warczenie, burczenie (w brzuchu, w głosie, w silniku) a low, rumbling sound made by animals (especially dogs) to signal threat or discomfort; also used to describe similar human or mechanical noises expressing irritation, hunger, or tension Warczenie psa ostrzegało, by się nie zbliżać. \| 2. Podczas spotkania burczało mu w brzuchu.
groundswell noun [S ] C2 • synonyms: surge, uprising, wave of support/opinion • groundswell of support/anger/resistance; growing/massive groundswell • freq in AmE: 5/10 There’s a growing groundswell of support for climate action. \| 2. The movement began as a grassroots effort but soon turned into a national groundswell. \| 3. A groundswell of outrage followed the court’s decision. start learning		narastająca fala (poparcia, oburzenia), oddolny ruch społeczny a rapid and spontaneous increase in public support, emotion, or opinion — often leading to significant change or pressure on institutions Rośnie fala poparcia dla działań na rzecz klimatu. \| 2. Ruch zaczął się lokalnie, ale szybko przerodził się w ogólnokrajowy zryw. \| 3. Decyzja sądu wywołała falę oburzenia.
gem noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: treasure, jewel, standout • hidden gem/person/book/place; be/find/describe something as a gem • freq in AmE: 7/10 That little café is a hidden gem in the neighborhood. \| 2. The book is a gem of insight and storytelling. start learning		perełka, klejnot (w przenośni), coś wyjątkowego someone or something considered precious, admirable, or outstanding in quality; often used to describe people, places, ideas, or objects that stand out as rare, delightful, or unexpectedly valuable Ta kawiarnia to prawdziwa perełka w okolicy. \| 2. Książka to perełka pełna wnikliwości i pięknej narracji.
gem noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: jewel, precious stone, crystal • gem necklace/crown/mine; cut/set/discover a gem • freq in AmE: 6/10 She wore a necklace with a sparkling gem at its center. \| 2. The crown was adorned with rare gems from around the world. start learning		kamień szlachetny, klejnot a precious or semi-precious stone, especially when cut and polished for use in jewelry; valued for its beauty, rarity, and durability — includes diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and others Miała na szyi naszyjnik z błyszczącym kamieniem szlachetnym. \| 2. Korona była ozdobiona rzadkimi klejnotami z całego świata.
goodwill noun [U ] C1 • synonyms: kindness, trust, reputation • build/extend/damage goodwill; public/diplomatic/corporate goodwill; gesture/reservoir/loss of goodwill • freq in AmE: 7/10 The company donated as a gesture of goodwill. \| 2. The company's assets are worth $200 million, plus goodwill. \| 3. Diplomatic goodwill helped ease tensions between the nations. start learning		dobra wola, życzliwość; reputacja, renoma firmy (w biznesie) a feeling of kindness, trust, or benevolence toward others; in business, the intangible value of reputation, customer loyalty, and brand strength Firma przekazała darowiznę jako gest dobrej woli. \| 2. Wartość aktywów spółki wynosi 200 milionów dolarów plus renoma. \| 3. Dyplomatyczna dobra wola pomogła złagodzić napięcia między państwami.
gorge noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: canyon, chasm, ravine • deep/rocky/dramatic gorge; hike/descend/admire a gorge • freq in AmE: 5/10 We hiked through a breathtaking gorge carved by centuries of water. \| 2. There’s a growing gorge between their values and ours. start learning		wąwóz, przepaść, rozpadlina (dosłownie i metaforycznie) a deep, narrow valley with steep rocky sides, often with a river running through it; metaphorically, a dramatic emotional or physical chasm, or a sense of overwhelming fullness Wędrowaliśmy przez zapierający dech wąwóz wyrzeźbiony przez wodę. \| 2. Między ich wartościami a naszymi rośnie przepaść.
ground transportation noun [U ] C1 TRANSPORT • synonyms: land transport, surface travel • ground transportation to/from airport; rely on ground transportation; ground transportation delays/options/logistics • freq in AmE: 6/10 The hotel offers free ground transportation to and from the airport. start learning		transport naziemny, komunikacja lądowa transportation that takes place on land, typically including cars, buses, trains, and other vehicles that operate on roads or rails — as opposed to air or sea travel Hotel oferuje bezpłatny transport naziemny z i na lotnisko.
gills noun [plural ] C1 biological–idiomatic • synonyms: respiratory organs, slits • fish/shark gills; gills flare/filter water; idiom: up to the gills with work/emotion/debt; lungs become gills; freq in AmE: 5/10 The fish breathes through its gills, extracting oxygen from water. start learning		skrzela the respiratory organs of fish and some amphibians, allowing them to extract oxygen from water; also used metaphorically and idiomatically to describe being overwhelmed, saturated, or full Ryba oddycha przez skrzela, pobierając tlen z wody.
glare noun [C or U ] C2 • synonyms: blaze, dazzle, beam • glare of sun/headlights/screen; shield/squint/shrink from glare; harsh/blinding glare; glare of fame/scrutiny/truth • freq in AmE: 6/10 He shielded his eyes from the glare of the sun. \| 2. The glare from the screen made it hard to concentrate. \| 3. The celebrity lived under the constant glare of public attention. start learning		oślepiające światło, blask a strong, harsh, or dazzling light that makes it difficult to see; often associated with discomfort, exposure, or artificial brightness Zasłonił oczy przed oślepiającym światłem słońca. \| 2. Blask ekranu utrudniał skupienie. \| 3. Celebryta żył w nieustannym blasku medialnej uwagi.
glare noun [C ] C2 • synonyms: stare, scowl, glower • cold/hostile/piercing glare; glare at someone; glare of judgment/rejection; meet/return/shrink from glare; freq in AmE: 6/10 She met his cold glare with quiet defiance. \| 2. He gave me a hostile glare and walked away. \| 3. The room fell silent under the glare of the professor. start learning		gniewne spojrzenie, przeszywające spojrzenie a fierce, angry, or piercing look — often silent and intense, used to express disapproval, hostility, or emotional tension Odpowiedziała na jego zimne spojrzenie cichym oporem. \| 2. Rzucił mi wrogie spojrzenie i odszedł. \| 3. Sala zamilkła pod przeszywającym spojrzeniem profesora.
glee noun [U ] C1 • synonyms: joy, delight, mirth • with/in/full of glee; childish/wicked/visible glee; squeal/grin/dance with glee; glee and laughter/triumph/mischief; glee at someone’s failure • freq in AmE: 4/10 The children squealed with glee as the snow began to fall. start learning		radość, uciecha, triumfalna satysfakcja great delight or joy, often expressed openly — sometimes with a hint of mischievousness or triumph Dzieci piszczały z radości, gdy zaczął padać śnieg.

Advanced English (2) • NOUNS • 'G'

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