6b

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Question English Answer English
time machine
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a machine to travel through time.
buttons
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A remote control has buttons
tight
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jammed; e.g. sardines are tightly packed.
compartment
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a small room usually used for storage.
deck
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the plataform of the ship.
caught
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today - Catch, yesterday - Caught.
line of fire
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at the front of a battalion on the battlefield.
do without
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in this case it means survive without.
Western Hemisphere
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USA, Mexico and Canada.
Eskimos
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Native Americans from the far north west.
hunting
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the action of looking for something in order to kill.
preyed
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to hunt and eat in order to survive.
wolves
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one wolf, many wolves
foxes
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an animal
environment
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Ambience, surroundings.
thick
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opposite of thin, much more concentrate.
veins
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a vessel that transports blood to the heart.
climates
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the weather.
bitter
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extremely. Hard to bear.
scarce
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insufficent.
instead
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in place of the one mentioned.
harmony
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agreement.
nature
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every natural thing is part of nature.
canoes
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a boat
fishing
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catching fish
beavers
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castors
eagles
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an animal
totem pole
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a pole with carved figures.
deeds
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actions.
intermountain
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between mountains.
lack
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Absence.
indigenous
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existing or growing naturally in a region
search
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to look for.
survive
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to continue living.
due to
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because of.
farm
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Old Mc Donals had a farm.
desert
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Sahara is a desert.
sun-dired
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that dry with the sun.
brick
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what is used to bild a wall.
developed
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improved or advanced.
irrigate
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to provide water using canals.
hunters
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people who hunt
hills
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baby mountains
so that
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similiar to because.
melted
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change from solid to liquid.
higer ground
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up the hill.
foundation
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basis.
sod
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a layer or dirt that includes grass and roots.
roof
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the top part of a house.
staple
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the main or principal food.
ruled
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governed or controlled.
council
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a group meeting.
comunication skills
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the ability to express ideas verbally.
guide
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to lead, or direct.
fertile
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productive, able to generate.
species
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scientific classification of distinct kinds of living things.
rainfall
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the amount of rain in an area.
among
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similar to between, but used when there are 3 or more.
mulberries
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berries
bison
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similar to bufalo.
resources
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source of supply
staying alive
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surviving.
honesty
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truthfulness. Trustworthiness.
roots
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family history.
traced
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recearch or investigated.
Middles Ages
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between ancient and modern times.
Vikings
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people
Europeans
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people from Europe.
crew
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the group that works through the tenth century.
sailors
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Pop eye the sailor.
aboard
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to be on a plane, ship or bus.
maritime vessels
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sea vehicles.
outcome
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the result.
voyage
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a trip
reach
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arrive to.
empire
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an area controlled by a king.
colony
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a settlement.
charter
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a lagal document giving authorization.
authorizing
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approving, allowing, permitting.
colonizers
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settlers; pioneers.
merciless
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mean, cruel.
unforgiving
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that doesn't pardon.
accumulated
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collected.
neglected
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when something doesn't get enough attention.
disease
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malaria is a disease.
set sail
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began their voyage.
freedom
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the condition of being free; liberty.
worship
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the honor their God.
persecuted
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oppressed.
creed
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belief
Netherlands
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a country in Western Europe.
freely
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in a free way.
identity
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the origin, nature, or definitive characteristics of.
diminidhing
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reducing or becoming smaller.
Dutch
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the lenguage of the Netherlads.
blew
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demostrate
leakes
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water coming in
discomfort
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when you have a toothache you feel discomfort.
landed
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when the ship reaches the beach
Plymouth Rock
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the place where the pilgrims landed in the New World.
Cape Cod
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a peninsula in the Massachusetts coast.
settlement
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the first little town.
sailed
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navigated.
wild game
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animals that are hunted
quail
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an edible bird.
rather
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quite, a little.
harsh
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difficult.
inadequate
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not adequate.
damp
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moist, a little wet, humid.
hardships
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poverty, adversities.
inns
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small hotels.
entertain
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to amuse, divert, or give enjoyment to.
weather beaten
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worn out by the weather.
off course
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a little lost.
added to
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intensified; increased.
survive off of
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to live on
made it
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arrived.
force
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powerful, strong.
gain
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to obtain gradually.
bloody
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a lot of blood.
battle
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a combat between two or more armies.
casualities
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the total numbers of people dead, wonded or injure during a war.
in debt
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owing something or money to someone.
Parliament
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a legislative assembly, similar to a congress.
repay
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to pay back something.
tax
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to charge extra.
wills
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a testament.
almanacs
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an annual publication that includes information about the wather, planting dates, etc.
molasses
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thick dark syrup made when refrining sugar.
reacted
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responded.
riots
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a violent protest.
bunch
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a group.
overboard
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off the ship and into the ocean.
merchants
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shopkeepers.
pressure
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to demand or require.
warehouses
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large buildings used for storage.
stuked
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held in reserve, Had a lot of supplies.
pounds
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an american unit of masure of weight.
lowering
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reducing.
purchase
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buy.
backfired
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un unexpected or unwanted result.
trade
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business or commerce.
trick
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deceive.
loaded
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filled, packed.
chests
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big boxes or craters for storage.
jettisoned
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to throw overboard, or off the ship to make it lighter.
cut out
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eliminate.
meanwhile
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at the same time.
volunteers
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people who assist or help voluntarily.
minutemen
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people who were ready to fight at a minute's notice.
trained
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taught to do something.
scouts
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the soldiersthat go ahead first, to check things out.
reconnaissance / missions
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a mission to obtain information of an area or enemy.
supply
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to give or provide what is needed.
arms
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weapons.
troops
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soldiers.
seize
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to take by force.
Sons of Liberty
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a special organization in the U.S.
steeple
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the bell tower of a church.
signal
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a flag or light that gives warning.
mounted
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to get on.
heroic
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being courageous or a hero.
bravery
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courage, valor.
fronts
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different areas where bettles were taking place.
throughout
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for all the duration of.
balttlefield
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the area where a combat take places.
Treaty of Paris
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an agreement that ended the revolutionary war.
singning
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to write your name or signature on a legal document.
solemn
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serious.
unalienable
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unseparable.
pursuit
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search.
consent
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to give approval.
goberned
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controlled or directed.
loyalty
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to be faithful to friends or to your country.
strike back
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to fight back, to retaliate.
ups and downs
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good times and bad times.
turning point
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the point or time of change.
throw off
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to send out of power. To topple.
bondage
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the condition of a slave.
slavery
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the condition of being a slave.
deprived
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when you can't get something you need.
held
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had.
slave raiding
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stealing slaves from one another.
insolvent
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unable to pay a debt.
debtors
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people who owe money.
kidnapping
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to take a child or a person by force.
useful
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something that can be used.
hard labor
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hard work.
gloomy
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dark, dim, sad.
cell
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a small room in prison.
slaughtered
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killed in large numbers, massacred.
shipping
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sending things by boat, plane, train, etc.
havests
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the process of collecting things grown.
tidewater
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a region of plantations.
proved
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demonstrate.
unsuccessful
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not obtaining what or need.
cooperative
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one who cooperates.
elsewhere
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in another or different place.
profitable
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able to make money.
surroundings
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the things or places around you.
lucrative
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producing wealth or profitable
barter
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to trade without using money.
reach back
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referring to or talking about time in the past.
raids
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a surprise attack by small armed force.
guns
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a pistol is a gun.
holds
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comparments on a ship.
below deck
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in the bottom part of a ship.
crammed
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very crowded.
unheard of
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something new.
rebellion
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a small revolution.
fed
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to give to eat.
shark
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an animal
infested
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plagued.
journey
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a long trip.
nightmares
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bad or sacary dreams you have when sleeping that wake you up.
treated
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today-treat, yesterday-treated.
chattel
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an article of movable personal property.
healthy
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having good health.
sunrise
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the time the sun comes up.
sunset
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the time the sun goes down.
tutors
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private teachers.
duties
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obligations.
humility
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being modest.
trauma
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an emotional wound or shock that creates subtantial, lasting damage to a person.
bothered
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that took the time to do something.
stretching out
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to estend your legs and arms when you are tired.
weren't over
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were not finished.
in order to
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to be able to.
turmoil
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confusion.
underlying
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basic, lying at the roots of foundation.
performed
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donde.
allegiance
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loyalty, fidelity, faithfulness.
shared
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common.
issue
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a subject or topic under dispute.
banned
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prohibited, forbidden.
average
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the usual or ordinary kind or quality.
headlines
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very important news.
acquired
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obtained, gotten.
claiming
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stating or saying.
ground
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on the basis.
court
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a group of people who decide the destiny an accused criminal.
concluded
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today-conclude, yesterday-concluded. To make a conclusion.
unconstitutional
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against the laws of the government.
condemned
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sentended.
applauded
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to express approval, especially by clapping the hands.
coexist
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existing together.
Union
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the states of the north.
Abraham's Lincoln
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the 13th president of the USA.
secession
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the condition of dropping out, or leaving.
meant
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intented.
secede
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to leave or to drop out.
Southern
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of the south.
seceded
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today-secede, yesterday-seceded. Left.
printed
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constiyuting printed publications.
stars and bars
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the flag that the Confederate states adopted.
to file a lawsuit
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to bring legal action against someone.
bring suit
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another way to express "to file a lawsuit".
West Point
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the U.S. military academy.
excessive
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too much. Extreme.
hindered
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slowed down.
office
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in this case it maners the Presicency.
patient
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to have patience. To be calm.
planner
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a person who makes plans in advance.
Confederate
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the name given to the southerm states.
strategic point
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a very important area.
commander
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a leader.
surrender
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give up.
ammunition
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weapons supplies, bullets, gunpowder, etc.
injured
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wonder or hurt.
despite
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in spite of.
withstood
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resist, tolerate
charge
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attack
tenacity
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the quality or state of being persistent
weapons
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something (such as a club, knife, or gun) used to injure, defeat, or destroy
fled
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to run away often from danger or evil: fly The family fled from the war-torn zone.
Yankees
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a native or inhabitant of the northern U.S.
Navy
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a nation's ships of war and of logistic support
naval
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of or relating to a navy
steam power
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using steam prime movers to drive electric generating apparatus
screw propeller
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one that propels; especially: a device that consists of a central hub with radiating blades placed and twisted so that each forms part of a helical surface and that is used to propel a vehicle (such as a ship or airplane)
rifled ordnance
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military supplies including weapons, ammunition
ironclad
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so firm or secure as to be unbreakable
formerly
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at an earlier time: previously
armored coatings
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so firm or secure as to be unbreakable
child's play
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an extremely simple task or act
on the other hand
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used to introduce statements that describe two different or opposite ideas, people, etc.
as time went by
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as time passed by
wear out
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tire, exhaust
running out
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to come to an end: expire
Drive
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Attack
Engaged
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To confront
Vicious
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Evil
Fortunate
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Luckly
Shrinking
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Getting smaller
trapped
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Today "trap"
Appomattox Courthouse
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A town in Virginia where the Civil War ended
Handing
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Giving
Soldier
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A person that belongs to the militia
Dignity
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Having pride. Self-respect.
Restored
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Repaired.
Painful
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With a lot of pain.
President´s box
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The special area at a theater used by the President.
imminent
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About to happen
agonized
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To suffer with a lot of pain
onto
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To go from one place to another from higher position
stage
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The place in a theater where actors perform.
mourned
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The period of sadness after death.
inaugurated
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To open with a ceremony
measures
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Actions
reuniting
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Bringing together again.
snuck into
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Advanced secretly
point blank
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At a very closed distance.
death toll
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The total number of dead people after a war.
meager
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a small amount; deficient in quantity.
absurd
start learning
ridiculous.
desolate
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lonely, empty.
worthless
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having no value.
yellow fever
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a disease caused by the bite of an infected mosquito.
malaria
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a disease caused by the bite of an infected mosquito.
superpower
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a powerful and influential nation.
working force
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people who work together.
affairs
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business; Interests.
selfish
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egotistic; To think about personal interests.
Austria Hungary
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a formerly dual monarchy of Central Europe.
Bulgaria
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a country in the southeastern Europe.
Ottoman Empire
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the present day country of Turkey.
sunk
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today-sink, yesterday-sank, s. yesterday-sunk; to submerge.
Versailles treaty
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an agreement with Germany after Word War I.
relinquish
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to give up, to surrender.
turn of the century
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the change from one century to a new one.
dragged on
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continued for some time.
broke out
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erupted, started, began.
turned the table
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to change from one weak position to a strong one.
Geat Depression
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the fall of the stock market.
era
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a period of time.
reform
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a change.
tranquility
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peaceful.
decade
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a period of 10 years.
roaring twenties
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a period of prosperity in the 1920's.
stock market
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Wall Street.
overproduction
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to produce more than what is necessary.
failures
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not reaching or achieving the desired things or goals.
hiatus
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a temporary break.
resolutions
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a firm determination.
ditactors
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absolute rulers.
invaded
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entered by force to conquer.
declared
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said or stated.
spread
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exxtended out, stretched.
compriser
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consisted of, composed of.
neutral
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not favoring anyone in a war.
Pearl Harbor
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the port in Hawaii where the Japanese attacked the United States.
damaged
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partially destroyed.
Roosevelt
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Franklin Delano Roosevelt (32nd President of the U. S. A.)
infamy
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dishonor
shocked
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super surprised
launched
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initiated, started.
D-Day
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an unnamed day for the beginning of a conflict.
Dwight D. Elsenhower
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a commander of U.S. armed forces.
courageously
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with a lot of courage.
Champ Elysess
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a important avenue in Paris.
to turn the tide
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to change the ways things were going.
kicked into
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started, initiated.
Stroke
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A loss of brain function
Footsteps
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The tradition
Bomb
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The atomic bomb
Enola Gay
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Name of an airplane that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima
Doomed
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Destined
Radiation
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Effects of an atomic bomb
Unconditionally
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Making no exceptions or conditions
Camps
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Places where the Germans kept the prisoners and Jews
Jews
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A person whose religion is Judaism
The Holocaust
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The name given to the murder of 6,000,000 Jews
Massive
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Great numbers of people
The Cold War
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A period of time of great tension among nations.
Edge
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At the limits of
Sheriff
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The law
Opposing
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The resistance
Confront
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To face
Arms race
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The competition of weaponry among nations
Space race
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The competition of special technology among nations
Ronald Reagan
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The 40 th President of the U.S.A
Dissolved
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To cause to disappear
Wiping out
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Destroyinh totally
Came to light
start learning
That became known among many people
Looked upon
start learning
Seen as
The Cuban Missile Crisis
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An incident in Cuba among U.S. A, Russia and Cuba
President George H. W. Bush
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The 41 st president of the U.S.A
The Middle East
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the countries of northern Africa and southwestern Asia that are on or near the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea: the Near East
Iraq
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country in southwestern Asia in Mesopotamia that has a small border on the Persian Gulf
Kuwait
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country in southwestern Asia in Arabia at the head of the Persian Gulf
Ally
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to unite or form a connection or relation between: associate
Saudi Arabia
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country in southwestern Asia between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf and occupying most of Arabia
United Nations
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political organization established in 1945
Persian Gulf War
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The Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991
Security Council
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a permanent council of the United Nations with primary responsibility for maintaining peace and security
Deadline
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a date or time before which something must be done
Troops
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Troops
Coalition
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a temporary alliance of distinct parties, persons, or states for joint action A multiparty coalition ruled the country.
Operation Desert Storm
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17 January 1991 – 28 February 1991
Expelled
start learning
to force out: eject
Iraqi
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country in southwestern Asia in Mesopotamia that has a small border on the Persian Gulf
Withdrew
start learning
to take back or away: remove
Budget crisis
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Budget Deficit
Boomed
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to experience a sudden rapid growth and expansion usually with an increase in prices
Cruise missile
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a guided missile that has a terrain-following radar system and that flies at moderate speed and low altitude
Violation
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disturbance, interruption
Al-Qaeda
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an organization
terrorists
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the systematic use of terror especially as a means of coercion
Hijacked
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to steal by stopping a vehicle
Twin Towers
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On September 11th 2001 the Twin Towers were both destroyed in another terrorist attack.
The Pentagon
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the building in Washington, D.C., that is the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense. 2 : the leaders of the U.S. military.
Injuring
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to give pain to
Osama Bin Laden
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An Islamic terrorist and the head of the Al Qaeda network of terrorists.
Claimed
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to ask for especially as a right
The Fall
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Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Tax cut
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to reduce taxes
On the verge
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at the point when (something) is about to happen or is very likely to happen
Afghanistan
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country in western Asia east of Iran
The Taliban
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a political movement in Afghanistan
Deposed
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to remove from a throne or other high position
Regime
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a period of rule
Tried
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to put to test or trial
Charged
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a formal assertion of illegality
War crimes
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a crime (such as genocide or maltreatment of prisoners) committed during or in connection with war —usually used in plural
Recession
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a period of reduced economic activity
Criticized
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to consider the merits and demerits of and judge accordingly: evaluate
Handled
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controlling
Hurricane Katrina
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Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone
Republican Party
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A political party that began in 1854 and is today one of the two major political parties in the United States.
Democrats
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a member of the Democratic Party.
Barack Obama
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the 44th president of the U.S.A
Executive office
start learning
the presidency
New START treaty
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a nuclear arms reduction treaty between the United States and the Russian Federation
Russia
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officially Russian Federation independent country in eastern Europe
Nuclear arsenals
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A weapon whose destructive power comes from nuclear energy
televised speech
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A broadcast, a speech on the television
Compound
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to put together (parts) so as to form a whole: combine
Covert operation
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a military operation
Reelected
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to elect for another term in office
Immigration Reform Law
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an Act of Congress which reformed United States immigration law.
Foreign policies
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a government's strategy in dealing with other nations.
Concluding
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to bring to an end
Syria
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ancient region of southwestern Asia bordering on the Mediterranean Sea and covering modern Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Jordan
Chemical weapons
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a weapon (such as mustard gas or sarin)
Civilians
start learning
one not on active duty in the armed services or not on a police or firefighting force
Obligated
start learning
to meet an obligation
Rooting out
start learning
to find and remove (something or someone)

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